NUR 325 Health and Illness / NUR 325 Exam 2 Practice Questions

NUR 325 Exam 2 Practice Questions 1. A patient with newly diagnosed T2D asks the nurse what "type 2" means in relation to diabetes. The nurse explains to the patient type 2 differs from type 1 primarily in that type 2 a. the pt is totally dependent on outside source of insulin b. there is a decreased insulin secretion and cellular resistance to insulin that is produced c. the immune system destroys the pancreatic insulin producing cells d. the insulin precursor that is secreted by the pancreas is not activated by the liver 2. A client is admitted to the hospital with signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus. Which findings is the nurse most likely to observe in this client (select all that apply) a. excessive thirst b. weight gain c. constipation d. excessive hunger e. urine retention f. frequent, high volume urination 3. A nurse is caring for a client with T1D, which client complaint would alert the nurse to the presence of possible hypoglycemic reaction a. tremors b. anorexia c. hot, dry skin d. muscle cramps 4. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with diabetes mellitus regarding proper foot care. Which instruction is included in the plan a. soak feet in hot water b. apply moisturizing lotion to dry feet but not between toes c. always have a podiatrist cut your toenails, never cut them yourself d. avoid using mild soap 5. A nurse performs a physical assessment of a client with T2D. Findings include fasting BG of 120 mg/dL, temp 101F, pulse 88 BPM, respirations of 22, and blood pressure of 100/72. Which finding would be of most concern to the nurse? a. pulse b. respiration c. temperature d. blood pressure 6. A patient with type 1 diabetes has received diet instructions as part of the treatment plan. the nurse determines a need for additional instruction when the patient says: a. "I may have an occasional alcoholic drink if I include it in my meal plan" b. "I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin" c. "I will eat meals as scheduled, even when not hungry, to prevent hypoglycemia" d. "I may eat whatever I want, as longs I use enough insulin to cover the calories" 7. An 18 y/o, 5'4 tall, 113 kg female client comes to the clinic for a non-healing wound on her lower leg, which she has had for two weeks. Which disease process should the nurse suspect the client is developing? a. T1D b. T2D C. gestational diabetes D. acanthosis nigricans 8. An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with DM. the client asks the nurse about the function of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the info that the pump: a. gives small continuous dose of regular insulin subcut and the client can self administer a bolus with an additional dosage from the pump before each meal b. is timed to release programmed doses of regular or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervals c. is surgically attached to the pancreas and infuses regular insulin into the pancreas which in turn releases the insulin into the bloodstream d. continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the bloodstream while regularly monitoring BG levels 9. Blood sugar is well controlled when HA1C is a. below 7% b. between 12-15% c. less than 180 mg/dL d. between 90-130 mg/dL 10. Patients with T1D may require which of the following changes to their daily routine during times of infection? a. no change b. less insulin c. more insulin d. oral diabetic agents