1. Define the following terms:
a. science
b. chemistry
ANSWER: a. Science - a framework for gaining and organizing knowledge. It is a
procedure for processing and understanding certain information.
b. Chemistry - the science that deals with the matter of the universe and the
changes it can undergo.
2. Define the following terms:
a. scientific method
b. natural law
c. hypothesis
d. theory
ANSWER: a. Scientific method - the process or steps of scientific inquiry.
b. Natural law - a statement describing observed behavior.
c. Hypothesis - a possible explanation for an observation.
d. Theory - a set of testsed hypotheses that gives an explanation for some
behavior or observation (also called a model).
3. Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?
a. Make an observation.
b. Formulate a hypothesis.
c. Perform an experiment.
d. Change results to agree with your hypothesis.
e. Develop a theory (or model).
ANSWER: d
4. A __________ is a summary of observed behavior, and a __________ is an
explanation of behavior.
a. law, measurement
b. theory, scientific method
c. theory, law
, d. law, theory
e. hypothesis, theory
ANSWER: d
5. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: d
6. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in
those materials” is called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: d
7. A set of tested hypotheses than gives an overall explanation of some part of nature, is
called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
, d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: c
8. Something done to test a hypothesis that produces new observations is called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: e
9. A quantitative observation
a. contains a number and a unit
b. does not contain a number
c. always makes a comparison
d. must be obtained through experimentation
e. is none of these
ANSWER: a
10. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
a. The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
b. Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
c. The liquid in beaker A is blue.
d. The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
, e. At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
ANSWER: d
1. Express 1410000 in scientific notation.
a. 4.15 × 10–8
b. 1.41 × 10–6
c. 1.41 × 106
d. 141 × 106
e. 141 × 104
ANSWER: c
2. Express 30549000 in scientific notation.
a. 3 × 107
b. 3.0549 × 107
c. 305 × 107
d. 30549 × 103
e. 305490 × 107
ANSWER: b
3. Write 8,329 in standard scientific notation.
a. 8329
b. 8.329 × 10–3
c. 832.9 × 101
d. 8.329 × 1000
e. 8.329 × 103
a. science
b. chemistry
ANSWER: a. Science - a framework for gaining and organizing knowledge. It is a
procedure for processing and understanding certain information.
b. Chemistry - the science that deals with the matter of the universe and the
changes it can undergo.
2. Define the following terms:
a. scientific method
b. natural law
c. hypothesis
d. theory
ANSWER: a. Scientific method - the process or steps of scientific inquiry.
b. Natural law - a statement describing observed behavior.
c. Hypothesis - a possible explanation for an observation.
d. Theory - a set of testsed hypotheses that gives an explanation for some
behavior or observation (also called a model).
3. Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?
a. Make an observation.
b. Formulate a hypothesis.
c. Perform an experiment.
d. Change results to agree with your hypothesis.
e. Develop a theory (or model).
ANSWER: d
4. A __________ is a summary of observed behavior, and a __________ is an
explanation of behavior.
a. law, measurement
b. theory, scientific method
c. theory, law
, d. law, theory
e. hypothesis, theory
ANSWER: d
5. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: d
6. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in
those materials” is called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: d
7. A set of tested hypotheses than gives an overall explanation of some part of nature, is
called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
, d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: c
8. Something done to test a hypothesis that produces new observations is called a(n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law
e. experiment
ANSWER: e
9. A quantitative observation
a. contains a number and a unit
b. does not contain a number
c. always makes a comparison
d. must be obtained through experimentation
e. is none of these
ANSWER: a
10. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
a. The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
b. Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
c. The liquid in beaker A is blue.
d. The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
, e. At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
ANSWER: d
1. Express 1410000 in scientific notation.
a. 4.15 × 10–8
b. 1.41 × 10–6
c. 1.41 × 106
d. 141 × 106
e. 141 × 104
ANSWER: c
2. Express 30549000 in scientific notation.
a. 3 × 107
b. 3.0549 × 107
c. 305 × 107
d. 30549 × 103
e. 305490 × 107
ANSWER: b
3. Write 8,329 in standard scientific notation.
a. 8329
b. 8.329 × 10–3
c. 832.9 × 101
d. 8.329 × 1000
e. 8.329 × 103
