Test Bank for Introductory Chemistry An.pdf

Test Bank for Introductory Chemistry A Introductory Chemistry, 2e (Burdge) Chapter 1 Atoms and Elements 1) What is a unifying principle that explains a body of experimental observations? A) law B) hypothesis C) theory D) phenomena E) prediction Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Study of Chemistry Bloom's: 2. Understand Subtopic: Scientific Method Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 2) What is the term used for findings that are summarized based on a pattern or trend? A) law B) hypothesis C) theory D) phenomena E) prediction Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Study of Chemistry Bloom's: 2. Understand Subtopic: Scientific Method Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 3 3 3) Which of the following is an example of an observation? A) Gases expand as their temperature increases because the gas molecules are moving more rapidly. B) Paraffin wax begins to melt at 57°C. C) Three samples of wax are heated to 75°C. D) The force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. E) Will all waxes melt at the same temperature? Answer: B Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Study of Chemistry Bloom's: 2. Understand Subtopic: Scientific Method; Properties of Matter Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 4) When applying the scientific method, it is important to avoid any form of hypothesis. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Study of Chemistry Bloom's: 3. Apply Subtopic: Scientific Method Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 5) Which of these scientists developed the nuclear model of the atom? A) John Dalton B) Robert Millikan C) J. J. Thomson D) Henry Moseley E) Ernest Rutherford Answer: E Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Components of Matter Bloom's: 1. Remember Subtopic: Structure of the Atom; Atomic Theories Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 4 4 6) Rutherford's experiment with alpha particle scattering by gold foil established that A) protons are not evenly distributed throughout an atom. B) electrons have a negative charge. C) electrons have a positive charge. D) atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. E) protons are 1840 times heavier than electrons. Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Components of Matter Bloom's: 2. Understand Subtopic: Structure of the Atom Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 7) Who is credited with discovering the atomic nucleus? A) Dalton B) Gay-Lussac C) Thomson D) Chadwick E) Rutherford Answer: E Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Components of Matter Bloom's: 1. Remember Subtopic: Structure of the Atom; Atomic Theories Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 8) Rutherford bombarded gold foil with alpha (α) particles and found that a small percentage of the particles were deflected. Which of the following was not accounted for by the model he proposed for the structure of the atom? A) the small size of the nucleus B) the charge on the nucleus C) the total mass of the atom D) the existence of protons E) the presence of electrons outside the nucleus Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Components of Matter Bloom's: 4. Analyze Subtopic: Structure of the Atom; Atomic Theories 5 5 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 9) Which one of the following statements about atoms and subatomic particles is correct? A) Rutherford discovered the atomic nucleus by bombarding gold foil with electrons. B) The proton and the neutron have identical masses. C) The neutron's mass is equal to that of a proton plus an electron. D) A neutral atom contains equal numbers of protons and electrons. E) An atomic nucleus contains equal numbers of protons and neutrons. Answer: D Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Components of Matter Bloom's: 2. Understand Subtopic: Structure of the Atom; Atomic Theories Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic 10) What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of an element? It also indicates the number of electrons in the atom. A) isotope number B) mass number C) mass-to-charge ratio D) atomic number E) atomic mass units Answer: D Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Components of Matter Bloom's: 1. Remember Subtopic: Structure of the Atom; Atomic Theories Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Gradable: automatic