Exam (elaborations) HESI CHEMISTRY V1 V2

Exam (elaborations) HESI CHEMISTRY V1 V2 . If a Hydrogen is in a compound, what would its oxidation number be? +1 2. What is the oxidation number of any simple ion? +1 or -1 depending on the charge of the ion 3. How many kilograms are in a pound? 0. kg 4. What is the temperature for freezing point of water in Celsius? 0 degrees Celsius (32°F for Fahrenheit) 5. What is the conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit? 0°C = 32°F 6. What is the oxidation number of an element atom? 0 7. What is the freezing point of sea water in Fahrenheit? 0°F 8. How many amino acids are in a dipeptide? 2 9. If Oxygen is in a compound, what would its oxidation number be? -2 10. Which of the following pH values would lemon juice likely have? 2 because the lower the pH value, the more acidic 11. What is a pentose? A 5 carbon sugar (Pent = 5) (ose = sugar) 12. What is the oxidation state of the Sulfur atom in Sulfuric Acid H2SO4? 6 13. How many neutrons does carbon 14 have? 8 ( mass# - atomics # = neutrons) 14 - 6 = 8 14. How many protons does Potassium have? 19 15. How many amino acids are essential for human life? 20 amino acids 16. Normal body temperature in °C? 37°C 17. Normal body temperature in °F? 98.6°F 18. Boiling point of water in °C? 100°C 19. Boiling point of water in °F? 212°F 20. 0°K is equal to ___°C? -273°C This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :30:27 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH HESI CHEMISTRY V1 V2 21. The term Amphoteric means? A substance that can act as both a base & acid 22. What is Kelvin based around? Absolute zero 23. A compound that is a Hydrogen or proton donor, corrosive to metals, causes blue litmus paper to become red and becomes less acidic when mixed with a base is? Acid 24. Mixture of 2 or more metals are? Alloys 25. Acids:  pH less than 7.0  sour/tart  Formulas begin with H (Hydrogen)  Proton Donor 26. 3 types of radiation in nuclear chemistry? Alpha, Beta & Gamma 27. Alpha radiation: * Emission of Helium (He) ions in the nuclei * Contains 2 protons & 2 neutrons. * +2 Charge * Largest radiation particle. * Can be stopped by piece of paper 00. Type of Alloy in which another metal is dissolved in Mercury (Hg)? Amalgam 28. Proteins are made up of? Amino Acids 29. Glycogen is what kind of starch? Animal Starch 30. When a electron gains one or more electrons? Anions 31. Basic building block of a molecule? Atom (NOT CELL!!) 32. Atomic mass? This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :30:27 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH Average mass of a elements isotope 33. Atomic #: # of protons in nucleus of an atom 34. Base?  A Hydrogen or proton ACCEPTOR & has hydroxide group in the makeup of the molecule  Produce -OH  Bitter, slippery, conduct electricity, formulas contain -OH  pH value greater than 7.0  Proton acceptor 35. Key note: Acids are Proton donors as Bases are proton acceptors 36. Beta radiation:  Decomposition product of a proton or neutron  High speed/energy Electrons  EITHER - charged electrons or + charged positrons  Can be stopped by aluminum foil 37. What is Biochemistry? Study of substances & processes occurring in living things 38. Fahrenheit is based off of? Body temperature 39. How does ↑ Surface area speed up chemical reactions? By ↑ areas of contact where chemical reactions can occur 40. How do catalyst accelerate a chemical reaction? By reducing the amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur 41. What does COOH symbolize? A Carboxyl group 42. Which of the following is not a solution type? Catalyst 43. Define Catalyst. Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction. 44. What is an atom called when it LOSES 1 or more electrons? Cations 45. What is chemical bonding? This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :30:27 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH The joining of atoms to form new substances. 2 types: ionic & covalent bonding 46. What is a Ionic bond?  Electrical attraction between 2 oppositely charged atoms groups of atoms called ions  (between metals & nonmetals) 47. Ionic bonding? Chemical bond that’s formed when an atom transfers a electron to another atom. (steals) 48. Single Covalent bond?  Chemical bond that shares 1 electron pair  Formed by non-metals 49. What are chemical reactions? Making & breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in composition of matter 50. Double Covalent bond? When 2 electron pairs are shared 51. Triple Covalent bond? When 3 electron pairs are shared 52. The following is an example of? Combustion reaction 2C2H6 (g) + 7O2 (g)  4CO2(g) + 6H2O 53. What is a combustion reaction? A chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts with Oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat & light 54. What is a compound?  Combination of 2 or more elements or atoms.  Made up of atoms of 2 or more different elements joined by chemical bonds 55. Different types of solutions? Compounds, Alloys, Amalgams, Emulsions 56. Strongest type of chemical bond? Covalent 57. What is a decomposition reaction? A SINGLE compound breaks down to form 2 or more simpler substances 58. What is Deoxyribose? A sugar used in the formation of DNA 59. Attractions between opposite charges of polar moles? Dipole-dipole forces 60. What is a Disaccharide? A double sugar molecule made of 2 monosaccharides bonded together through dehydration synthesis. 61. When 2 monosaccharides are joined together this makes? This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :30:27 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH Disaccharide 62. Type of chemical bond that share 2 electron pairs? Double covalent bond 63. Example of double replacement? AB + CD = AD + CB 64. Example of Single replacement? A + BC  B + AC 65. Group of electrons revolving around the nucleus of an atom, or known as a cloudlike group of electrons? Electron clouds 66. Mixtures of matter that readily separate such as water and oil? Emulsion 67. 3 common temperature systems? Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin 68. Celsius is based around? Freezing & boiling point of water 69. What is reduction? GAIN of electrons 70. Gamma radiation:  Similar to xrays  Can be stopped by several feet of concrete or several inches of Lead  High energy electromagnetic radiation lacking charge and mass 71. Unit measure of weight? Gram 72. Basic units of METRIC system? Gram, Liter Meter 73. What are Hydrogen bonds? Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom & another atom 74. Examples of intermolecular forces? Hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole, dispersion forces 75. 4 basic ways to speed up a reaction? ↑ temperature, ↑ Surface area, ↑ catalyst & concentration 76. What are intermolecular forces? Forces of attractions between molecules 77. Where are nucleic acids, DNA & RNA found? Cell nucleus 78. Atoms of the same element but have different numbers of neutrons? Isotope 79. Gluconeogenesis is a process that produces? Glucose from proteins and fats 80. What is oxidation?