Nr 222: Exam 1 Key Terms Exam Study Guide 2022

NR-222: Exam 1 Key Terms Chapter 1 Key Terms  Advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) – the most independently functioning nurse. An APRN has a master’s degree or Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree in nursing; advanced education in pathophysiology, pharmacology, and physical assessment; and certification and expertise in a specialized area of practice  American Nurses Association (ANA) – illustrates the consistent commitment of nurses to provide care that promotes the well-being of their patients and communities  Caregiver – you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level of function and independence through the healing process  Certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA) – an APRN with advanced education from a nurse anesthesia–accredited program  Clinical nurse specialist (CNS) – an APRN who is an expert clinician in a specialized area of practice  Code of ethics – a statement of philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define the principles you will use to provide care to your patients  Continuing education – involves educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions  Genomics – a newer term that describes the study of all the genes in a person and interactions of these genes with one another and with that person’s environment  In-service education – programs are instruction or training provided by a health care agency or institution  International Council of Nurses (ICN) – Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well, and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health; prevention of illness; and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles  Nurse administrator – manages patient care and the delivery of specific nursing services within a health care agency  Nurse educator – works primarily in schools of nursing, staff development departments of health care agencies, and patient education departments  Nurse practitioner (NP) – an APRN who provides comprehensive health care to a group of patients in an inpatient, outpatient, ambulatory care, or community-based setting  Nurse researcher – conducts evidence-based practice and research to improve nursing care and further define and expand the scope of nursing practice  Nursing – is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response; and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations Exam 1 Units 1 and 2 Revised 9-16JM  Patient advocate – you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises  Professional organization – deals with issues of concern to those practicing in the profession  Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) – initiative to respond to reports about safety and quality patient care by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Chapter 2 Key Terms  Acute care – secondary and tertiary care (also called acute care) typically are expensive, especially if the patient has waited to seek care until after symptoms have developed  Adult day care centers – provide a variety of health and social services to specific patient populations who live alone or with family in the community  Assisted living – offers an attractive long-term care setting with an environment more like home and greater resident autonomy  Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) – Under the IPPS, each case is categorized into a diagnosis-related group (DRG). Each DRG has a payment weight assigned to it, based on the average resources used to treat Medicare patients in that DRG  Discharge planning – a coordinated, interprofessional process that develops a plan for continuing care after a patient leaves a health care agency  Extended care facility – provides intermediate medical, nursing, or custodial care for patients recovering from acute illness or those with chronic illnesses or disabilities  Health care disparities – differences in health care outcomes and dimensions of health care, including access, quality, and equity, among population groups  Health care equity – highest level of health care for all individuals and populations  Home care – provision of medically related professional and paraprofessional services and equipment to patients and families in their homes for health maintenance, education, illness prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, palliation, and rehabilitation  Hospice – a system of family-centered care that allows patients to live with comfort, independence, and dignity while easing the pain of terminal illness  Inpatient prospective payment system (IPPS) – The Social Security Act establishes a system of payment for the operating costs of acute care hospital inpatient stays under Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) based on prospectively set rates. This payment system is referred to as the inpatient prospective payment system.  Medicaid – Approved home care agencies usually receive reimbursement for services from governmental programs (such as Medicare and Medicaid in the United States), private insurance, and private payers  Medicare – Approved home care agencies usually receive reimbursement for services from governmental programs (such as Medicare and Medicaid in the United States), private insurance, and private payers  Minimum Data Set (MDS) – The MDS Version 3.0 is an initial overview of a resident’s health care needs. It is a preliminary assessment to identify the resident’s potential problems, strengths, and preferences.  Nursing sensitive outcomes – patient outcomes and nursing workforce characteristics that are directly related to nursing care, such as changes in patients’ symptom Exam 1 Units 1 and 2 Revised 9-16JM experiences, functional status, safety, psychological distress, RN job satisfaction, total nursing hours per patient day, and costs  Palliative care – a holistic, patient- and family-centered care approach with a goal of improving the quality of life of patients and families who are experiencing problems related to life-threatening illnesses  Patient-centered care – “care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values and (ensures) that patient values guide all clinical decisions”  Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act – in 2010, more than 32 million Americans are gaining access to health care services, including those provided by RNs and APRNs  Primary health care – focuses on improved health outcomes for an entire population. It includes primary care and health education, proper nutrition, maternal/child health care, family planning, immunizations, and control of diseases  Rehabilitation – the process aimed at enabling people with disabilities to reach and maintain their optimal physical, sensory, intellectual, psychological, and social functional levels  Respite care – a service that offers short-term relief by providing a new environment or time to relax for family caregivers who support the ill, disabled, or frail older adult  Restorative care – to help individuals regain maximal functional status and to enhance quality of life through promotion of independence and self-care  Secondary health care – provided by a specialist or agency upon referral by a primary health care provider. It requires more specialized knowledge, skill, or equipment than the primary care physician or nurse practitioner can provide  Skilled nursing facility – an intermediate care or skilled nursing facility offers skilled care from a licensed nursing staff  Tertiary health care – specialized consultative care, usually provided on referral from secondary medical personnel Chapter 6 Key Terms  Acute illness – usually reversible and has a short duration: ex broken leg  Chronic illness – usually lasts more than 6 months, is irreversible, and affects functioning in one or more system