C02_TB_Krahn_WICS7e

Chapter I2: IContemporary IDebates Ion IWork I(1950s Ito IPresent IDay) I Multiple-Choice IQuestions Identify Ithe Ichoice Ithat Ibest Ianswers Ithe Iquestion. 1. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ia Icentral Iargument Iin Ithe I“managerial Irevolution” Itheory? a. Diffusion Iin Iownership Iand Ithe Irise Iof Imanagers Ileads Ito Ireduced Iworkplace Iconflict. b. Managers Ithink Iand Iact Imuch Ilike Iowners Ido. c. Many Icorporations Iare Istill Icontrolled Iby Ia Ismall, Ipowerful Igroup Iof Ishareholders. d. Family Iownership Iof Ilarge Icorporations Iis Ia Ithing Iof Ithe Ipast. I ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. I23 BLM: Higher IOrder 2. I In Ihis Idescriptions Iof Ipostindustrial Isociety Icompared Ito Iindustrial Isocieties, IDaniel IBell Iemphasized Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iarguments? a. Power Iwould Ibe Iconcentrated Iamong Ifewer Ipeople Ithan Iin Ithe Ipast. I b. Knowledge Iworkers Iwould Ibecome Ithe Inew Ielite Iin Isociety. c. I Only Ia Ismall Inumber Iof Iworkers Iwould Ibe Iinvolved Iin Iknowledge Iproduction. d. The IUnited IStates Iwould Ino Ilonger Ibe Ia Idominant Iworld Ipower. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I24 BLM: Higher IOrder I 3. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Icharacterizes IRichard IFlorida’s Iview Iof Ithe Itransformation Ifrom Igoods Ito Iknowledge Iproduction Iin Icontemporary Isociety? a. Knowledge Iworkers Iwill Ibecome Iincreasingly Ipolarized Iin Ihigh- Iand Ilow-skilled Ijobs. b. Creativity Iand Ithe Icreative Iclass Iare Iresponsible Ifor Ieconomic Igrowth. c. Geography Ibecomes Iless Iimportant Ias Iworkers Iparticipate Iin Ia Inetworked Isociety. d. High Ihuman Icapital Iand Ieducation Iare Inot Ias Iessential Ifor Icreative Iworkers. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pp. I24–25 BLM: Remember 4. “Creative Idestruction,” Iaccording Ito IJoseph ISchumpeter, Iis Ibest Icharacterized Iby Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? I a. The Iimpact Iof Ithe I“managerial Irevolution” Ion Itraditional Ifamily-run Ibusinesses. I b. The Ibreaking Idown Iof Iold Iindustrial Istructures Iand Itheir Ireplacement Iby Imore Icompetitive, Iefficient, Iand Ihigh-technology Ialternatives. I c. The Idemise Iof Istate Isocialism Iand Ithe Iemergence Iof Icapitalism Iin IRussia. I d. The Iimpact Iof I“free Itrade” Ion ICanada’s Icultural Iindustries. I ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I26 BLM: Remember   5. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ia Icritique Iof Iglobalization? a. Poorer Icountries Ireceive Ian Iunfair Iadvantage. b. Multinational Icorporations Iemploy Ia Imajority Iof Ithe Iworld’s Iworkforce. c. Workers Ican Ieasily Imigrate Ito Iany Icountry. d. National Icultures Imay Ibe Ithreatened. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I28 BLM: Remember 6. Based Ion IGordon ILaxer’s Ianalysis, Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Iexemplifies Ithe Ieconomic Ichanges Iinvolved Iwith Iglobalization? I a. I The Iincrease Iin Ifree Itrade Iagreements Iaimed Ito Iexpand Ifree Imarkets. b. I Ideological Ichange Ithat Icomes Iwith Itrade Iliberalization. c. The Iemergence Iof Ia Iuniversal Iworld Iculture. d. New Icommunication Itechnologies Ithat Icontribute Ito Ia Igrowth Iin Iservices. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. I28 BLM: Higher IOrder 7. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ithe Ibest Iexample Iof Ithe Inegative Iimpacts Iof Ithe INorth IAmerican IFree ITrade IAgreement I(NAFTA)? a. I The Iincrease Iof Iemployment-related Igeographic Imobility Iwithin ICanada. b. Mexican Imigrants Iwho Iparticipate Iin Itransnational Ifamilies Iwhile Iworking Iaway Ifrom Ihome. I c. I Highly Iskilled Iworkers Ileaving ICanada Ifor Ihigher Ipaying Iwork Iin Ithe IUnited IStates Ior IMexico. d. The Irise Iof Ilow-wage Ifactory Iproduction Iin IMexico. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I31 BLM: Higher IOrder 8. Nonstandard Iwork Ican Ibe Ibest Idescribed Ias Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Shift Iwork. b. Work Iperformed Iby Iillegal Iimmigrants Iin ICanada. c. Work Iperformed Ifor Ia Iminimum Iwage. d. Part-time, Itemporary, Ior Icontract Iwork. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I32 BLM: Remember 9. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ithe Icentral Iargument Iof Ithe I“logic Iof Iindustrialism” Ithesis? I a. Industrialization Ileads Ito Ilower Ilevels Iof Isocial Iinequality. I b. Urbanization Ihas Ito Ioccur Ifirst, Ibefore Iindustrialization Ican Idevelop. c. Because Iof Iindustrialization, Iall Icountries Iwill Ieventually Iresemble Ieach Iother. d. I Industrialization Ihas Ito Ioccur Ifirst, Ibefore Ilarge Iscale Iurbanization Iwill Itake Iplace. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I33 BLM: Higher IOrder 10. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ihas Ibeen Idemonstrated Iby Ithe Iemergence Iof Iindustrial Icapitalism Iin Ithe IEast IAsian I“tiger Inations” Iand Iin Ithe I“BRIC” Ieconomies? I a. The Ivalidity Iof Ithe I“convergence” Itheory Iof Iindustrialism. b. It Inow Itakes Iless Itime Ifor Icountries Ito Iindustrialize Ithan Iit Idid Ia Icentury Iago. c. Industrial Icapitalism Ialways Ifunctions Ibest Iif Ithe Istate I(the Igovernment) Iis Inot I involved Iin Iany Iway Iat Iall. I d. Industrialization Ieventually Ialways Ileads Ito Igreater Isocial Iequality. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pp. I34–41 BLM: Higher IOrder 11. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Icharacterizes Ithe Itype Iof Icapitalism Ithat Ihas Iemerged Iin IRussia Isince Ithe Icollapse Iof Ithe ISoviet IUnion? I a. Lower Ilevels Iof Iinequality Ithan Iobserved Iwhen Icapitalism Iemerged Iin Iwestern IEurope. b. Much Imore Icompetition Ithan Iwhen Icapitalism Iemerged Iin Iwestern IEurope. I c. A Istrong Iliberal Iwelfare Istate. d. An Iodd Imix Iof Icommunism, Icapitalism, Iand Iorganized Icrime. I ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I40 BLM: Remember 12. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Icharacterizes Ia IKeynesian Ieconomic Iprinciple? a. I The Igovernment Ishould Ihave Ian Iactive Irole Iin Ithe Ieconomy. b. The Ifree Imarket Ishould Inot Ibe Iregulated. c. Economic Icompetitiveness Irequires Ithe Ishrinking Iof Ithe Iwelfare Istate. d. I High Iunemployment Iand Iinequality Iare Inormal Iand Iunavoidable. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. I42 BLM: Remember 13. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ithe Ibest Iexample Iof I“emotional Ilabour?” a. I A Ilive-in Icaregiver Iwho Idevelops Istrong Ipersonal Irelationships Iwith Ithe Ifamily Ishe Ior Ihe Iworks Ifor. I b. I An IOscar IAward–winning Idramatic Iperformance. I c. I A Ifast-food Iworker Iwho Iis Iforced Ito Ismile Iwhen Iinteracting Iwith Icustomers. d. The Iperformance Iof Iemotions Iin Irelationships Iwith Ifamily Imembers. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I44 BLM: Remember 14. The Iterm Iemotional Iproletariat Idescribes Iworkers Iin Ilow-skilled Ijobs Iwith Ihigh Iemotional Idemands. IWhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ithe Ibest Iexample Iof Ia I“privileged Iemotional Imanager”? a. A ICanada IPost Iletter Icarrier. b. A Ibank Iteller.   c. A Iplayer Ion Ithe IToronto IBlue IJays. d. A Ifamily Idoctor. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I44 BLM: Higher IOrder 15. I “Live-in Icaregiving” Iis Ia Igood Iexample Iof Iwhich Itwo Itypes Iof Iwork? a. Interactive Iservice Iwork Iand Imobile Iwork. b. Emotional Ilabour Iand Iknowledge Iwork. c. Telework Iand Imobile Iwork. d. Nonstandard Iwork Iand Iservice Iwork. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I44–45 BLM: Remember 16. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ithe Ibest Iexample Iof Ia I“mobile Iworker”? a. An Iinsurance Isalesperson Iwho Itelecommutes Ipart Iof Ithe Itime Ifrom Ihome. b. A Icustomer Iservice Irepresentative Iin Ian IIndian Icall Icentre. c. A Iprofessional Iworker Iwho Ibicycles Ito Iwork Iand Iback. d. The Ichief Iexecutive Iofficer I(CEO) Iof Ia Itrucking Icompany. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I45–46 BLM: Remember 17. I Based Ion Ithe Iwork Iof IFoucault, Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Idescribes Ihow Ipower Ioperates Iin Icontemporary Iorganizations? a. Managers Iparticipate Iin Idirect Iobservation, Istanding Ibehind Iworkers Ito Iobserve Ithem. b. Workers Irealize Ithat Itheir Ipeers Iand Imanagers Imight Ibe Iwatching Ithem Iat Iany Itime. I c. I Customer Isurveys Icarry Imore Ipower Ithan Imanager Iassessments Iof Iworkers. d. I New Itechnologies Iare Iused Ito Icontrol Ithe Ipace Iof Iwork. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I47 BLM: Higher IOrder 18. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Idescribes IBourdieu’s Iterm Ihabitus? a. I The Isocial Isite Iwhere Irelationships Iare Iformed Iand Iindividuals Istruggle Iover Iposition Iand Iresources. b. The Icombination Iof Ieconomic, Isocial, Icultural, Iand Isymbolic Icapital Ithat Iimpact Ian Iindividual’s Iposition Iat Iwork. c. The Ivalues Iand Ilifestyles Ithat Iindividuals Iacquire Ifrom Ibelonging Ito Icertain Isocial Igroups. d. I The Iphysical Ienvironment Iin Iwhich Isocial Igroups Iinteract. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pp. I48–49 BLM: Remember   19. In Ihis Ianalysis Iof Iwork Iand Isocial Iinequality, IPierre IBourdieu Iemphasized Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iarguments? I a. An Iindividual’s Isocial Ibackground Ihas Ilittle Iimpact Ion Ihis Ior Iher Iwork Iprospects. b. The Irules Iin Iwork Iorganizations Iare Iestablished Iby Imanagers Iand Iowners. c. Relationships Iand Inetworks Iserve Ias Iimportant Iresources Ifor Iindividuals Iat Iwork. d. Workers Iare Imore Ilikely Ito Iget Iahead Iif Ithey Ifocus Ion Iacquiring Ijust Ia Isingle Iform Iof Icapital, Irather Ithan Imultiple Iforms. I ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I49 BLM: Higher IOrder 20. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Istatements Iis Inot Ipart Iof IUlrich IBeck’s Iconceptualization Iof I“risk Isociety?” a. An Iincrease Iin Iflexible Ilabour Imarkets, Iincluding Imore Ipart-time Iand Itemporary Ijobs. b. The Ierosion Iof Isocial Isecurity Iprograms, Isuch Ias Iunemployment Iinsurance, Icontributes Ito Iindividualizing Irisk. c. Individuals Iin Ideveloped Ieconomies Iare Iexperiencing Iless Iclarity Iand Imore Iinsecurity Iin Iwork Iand Ilife Ithan Iin Ithe Ipast. d. Multinational Icorporations Iare Iless Irisk-averse Ithan Ithey Iwere Ia Ihalf-century Iago. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I50 BLM: Higher IOrder Short IAnswer IQuestions I 21. I Outline Ithe Ibasic Iargument Iof Ithe I“logic Iof Iindustrialism” Ithesis Iand, Iin Ia Ifew Isentences, Iexplain Iwhy Iyou Ithink Iit Iis Ivalid Ior Inot. I REF: Ipp. I33–34 22. Explain IPierre IBourdieu’s Imultiple Itypes Iof Icapital Iand Igive Ia Iwork-related Iexample Ifor Ieach. REF: Ipp. I48–49 23. Outline Ithe Irelationship Ibetween Iinteractive Iservice Iwork Iand Iemotional Ilabour, Iand Iexplain Ithe Idifferent Iexperiences Iof Iemotional Ilabour Iin Ilow- Iand Ihigh-skilled Ijobs. REF: Ipp. I44–45 24. Outline Ithe Ibasic Icharacteristics Iof Ia Ipostindustrial Isociety Iand, Iin Ia Ifew Isentences, Iexplain Iwhy ICanada Iis Ior Iis Inot Ia Ipostindustrial Isociety. REF: Ipp. I24–25   Essay IQuestions I 25. Globalization Iis Ia Iterm Ithat Iis Ifrequently Iused Iwithout Ia Ispecific Idefinition. IBased Ion Iyour Ireading Iof IChapter I2, Ihow Iwould Iyou Idefine Iglobalization? IWhat Iare Ithe Imultiple Idimensions Iof Iglobalization Iand Ihow Iis Ithe Iprocess Iof Iglobalization Iimpacting Iworkers Iin ICanada Iin Ithe Iearly I21st Icentury? Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IStudents Ishould Idefine Ithe Imultiple Iaspects Iof Iglobalization I(economic, Iideological, Icultural, Iimpact Iof Iinformation Iand Icommunication Itechnology) Iand Idiscuss Ihow Iparticular Ipolicies I(e.g., INAFTA, Ifree Itrade Iagreements) Ihave Ihad Idiverse Ieffects. IIn Iterms Iof Ithe Iimpacts Ifor Iworkers, Istudents Imight Idiscuss Ithe Icreative Iclass I(Florida) Iand Ithe Ipolarization Iof Igood Ijobs/bad Ijobs Iin ICanada, Ithe Igrowth Iof Inonstandard Iwork, Iand Ithe Ierosion Iof Ithe Iwelfare Istate. 26. Imagine Iyou Iare Ia Ihistorian Iliving Iin Ithe Iyear I2115 Iand Iyou Iare Itasked Ito Istudy Ithe Imajor Isocioeconomic Ichanges Ithat Ishaped Iwork Iat Ithe Ibeginning Iof Ithe I21st Icentury. IOutline Ithe Imost Iimportant Ichanges, Iand Iexplain Iwhich Iyou Ithink Ihad Ithe Ilargest Iimpacts Ifor Isociety, Ias Iwell Ias Ifor Ithe Iday-to-day Iexperiences Iof Iwork Iby Iindividuals. Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IThis Iquestion Iis Iquite Iopen-ended. IIn Iterms Iof Isocioeconomic Ichanges, Istudents Ishould Idefine Iand Ioutline Iindustrial Irestructuring, Ideindustrialization, Iand Ineo-liberalism. IRegarding Iimpacts, Istudents Icould Ipoint Ito Ithe Irise Iof Iinteractive Iservice Iwork I(and Iemotional Ilabour), Ias Iwell Ias Imobile Iworkers Iand Imobile Iwork, Iand Iother Iimpacts Ithey Imight Iidentify. 27. I Imagine Ithat IMichel IFoucault Iand IPierre IBourdieu Iwere Iengaged Iin Ian Iargument Iabout Ihow Ipower Iand Iinequality Ifunction Iin Ithe Iworkplace. IWhat Iarguments Iand Icounterarguments Imight Ieach Ithinker Imake? IWhat Iexamples Imight Ithey Idraw Ion Ito Isupport Itheir Iarguments? Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IStudents Iwill Ineed Ito Ioutline Ithe Itheories Iof IFoucault Iand IBourdieu, Iaddressing Ithe Iconcepts Iof Isurveillance, Iself-discipline I(the Imetaphor Iof Ithe IPanopticon), Iand Ifield, Ihabitus, Iand Icapital. IStudents Ishould Icompare Ihow Ieach Iauthor Iunderstands Ipower, Iand Iprovide Ian Iexample Iof Ihow Iusing Ithe Iwork Iof IFoucault Iand IBourdieu Iilluminates Ihow Iinequality Ioccurs Iin Ithe Iworkplace. 28. See IDiscussion IQuestions Iat Ithe Iend Iof IChapter I2 Ifor Iadditional Iideas Ifor Iexamination Iessay Iquestions. I