Final Study Guide for NSG 6020 - Test-Ready Solutions Pack

Final Study Guide for NSG 6020 - Test-Ready Solutions Pack The Weber test is considered normal when: | A) Sound lateralizes to the unaffected ear | B) Air conduction is heard longer than bone conduction | C) Sound lateralizes to the affected ear | D) The client reports sound is heard equally in both ears (bilaterally) - answer - ANSWER: D) The client reports sound is heard equally in both ears (bilaterally) | WHY: A normal Weber shows no lateralization. Conductive loss lateralizes TO the affected ear; sensorineural loss lateralizes to the UNAFFECTED ear. AC BC is a normal Rinne, not Weber. Which of the following is considered a common cause of acute epistaxis? | A) Foreign body | B) Allergic conjunctivitis | C) Hypothyroidism | D) Hypotension - answer - ANSWER: A) Foreign body | WHY: Foreign bodies (especially in children) cause local mucosal trauma and bleeding; unilateral foul-smelling discharge plus bleeding in a child suggests a foreign body. Most anterior bleeds arise from Kiesselbach's plexus. | ** NOTE: Overall, the MOST common causes of anterior epistaxis are digital trauma (nose picking) and dry mucosa. If those appear as options, choose them. When assessing a pupil for constriction, the clinician notes that the other pupil constricts as well. This is called: | A) Accommodation | B) Consensual reaction | C) Red reflex | D) Direct reaction - answer - ANSWER: B) Consensual reaction | WHY: Light in one eye constricts BOTH pupils because of bilateral efferent input. Afferent = CN II; efferent = CN III. Direct reaction = the illuminated pupil constricts. Which of the following lymph nodes is NOT located in the head and neck region? | A) Axillary | B) Supraclavicular | C) Submandibular | D) Preauricular - answer - ANSWER: A) Axillary | WHY: Axillary nodes drain the arm, chest wall, and breast. Supraclavicular nodes are neck nodes; an enlarged LEFT supraclavicular (Virchow's) node suggests thoracic or abdominal malignancy. Hearing acuity can be assessed using which technique? | A) Otoscopic examination | B) Romberg test | C) Whisper test | D) Cover-uncover test - answer - ANSWER: C) Whisper test | WHY: The whispered voice test is a gross screen of acuity (stand behind the patient, occlude the opposite ear). Weber/Rinne differentiate conductive vs. sensorineural loss. Otoscopy inspects structures but does not measure hearing. Which of the following is the proper technique for using a tuning fork (Weber test)? | A) Place the vibrating tines directly against the tympanic membrane | B) Tap the tuning fork to elicit vibration and place the base on top of the client's head | C) Hold the fork by the tines while it vibrates | D) Place a non-vibrating fork on the mastoid process - answer - ANSWER: B) Tap the tuning fork to elicit vibration and place the base on top of the client's head | WHY: Weber = vibrating fork base on the vertex or midline forehead. Hold by the stem only (touching the tines dampens vibration); activate by lightly striking against the palm or knuckle. A 512 Hz fork is typical for hearing. Which of the following is NOT part of the examination of the head? | A) Palpation | B) Inspection | C) Assessment of scalp and hair distribution | D) Auscultation - answer - ANSWER: D) Auscultation | WHY: The head exam relies on inspection and palpation (skull, scalp, hair, facial symmetry, temporal arteries). Auscultation is not a routine part of the head exam. Which of the following would be considered SUBJECTIVE data of the pulmonary system? | A) Expiratory wheezes on auscultation | B) SpO2 92% on room air | C) Respiratory rate of 24 | D) Positive shortness of breath - answer - ANSWER: D) Positive shortness of breath | WHY: Subjective = what the patient reports (symptoms). Objective = what the clinician measures or observes (vitals, exam findings). Which of the following would be considered a NORMAL pulmonary finding? | A) Bronchial breath sounds over the peripheral lung fields | B) Dullness to percussion over the l