Summary Bachelor of medicine and surgery-Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis/Chronic liver failure

 Definition: Cirrhosis is a condition caused by chronic damage to the liver. The liver is

undergoing fibrosis and have abnormal regenerating nodules.

 Cirrhosis is characterized by hepatic parenchymal necrosis and an inflammatory

response to the underlying cause. Subsequent hepatic repair mechanisms lead to

fibrosis and abnormal tissue architecture, which impair liver function

 Most commonly due to excessive alcohol consumption, non-alcoholic fatty liver

disease, or hepatitis C infection. Other causes may include inflammatory or metabolic

diseases, such as primary biliary cirrhosis or hemochromatosis.

Causes

Hepatotoxicity(Liver damage)

 Chronic alcohol ingestion

 Medications (e.g., acetaminophen, amiodarone, chemotherapy drugs such as

methotrexate)

 Industrial chemicals such as tetrachloromethane

Inflammation (hepatitis)

 Chronic viral hepatitis: hepatitis B, hepatitis D, and hepatitis C(common)

 Primary biliary cirrhosis

 Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Metabolic disorders

 Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

 Hemochromatosis