Applied Anatomy and Physiology
Atheroma - A fatty deposits found in the inner lining of an artery.
Angina - Chest pain occurs when the middle blood supply through the coronary
Stroke - Occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cit off.
Blood pressure - The force exerted by the blood against the blood vessel wall.
Systolic pressure - Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
Diastolic pressure - The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest.
Venous return - The return of blood to the right side of the heart.
Plasma - The fluid part of blood that surrounds blood cells and transports them.
Haemoglobin - An iron-containing protein present in red blood cells that combines with
oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin.
Myoglobin - An oxygen-storing, pigmented protein in muscle cells.
Mitochondria - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production.
Bohr shift - A lowering of the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, caused by a drop in pH.
pH - A measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
Vascular shunt mechanism - The redistribution of cardiac output.
Vasodilation - Widening of the blood vessels to increase blood flow.
vasoconstriction - Narrowing of the blood vessels which decreases blood flow.
Diffusion - Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
lower concentration.
Gaseous exchange - The movement of oxygen from the air into the blood, and carbon
dioxide from the blood into the air.
Tidal volume - The volume of air breathed in and out per breath.
Atheroma - A fatty deposits found in the inner lining of an artery.
Angina - Chest pain occurs when the middle blood supply through the coronary
Stroke - Occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cit off.
Blood pressure - The force exerted by the blood against the blood vessel wall.
Systolic pressure - Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
Diastolic pressure - The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest.
Venous return - The return of blood to the right side of the heart.
Plasma - The fluid part of blood that surrounds blood cells and transports them.
Haemoglobin - An iron-containing protein present in red blood cells that combines with
oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin.
Myoglobin - An oxygen-storing, pigmented protein in muscle cells.
Mitochondria - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production.
Bohr shift - A lowering of the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, caused by a drop in pH.
pH - A measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
Vascular shunt mechanism - The redistribution of cardiac output.
Vasodilation - Widening of the blood vessels to increase blood flow.
vasoconstriction - Narrowing of the blood vessels which decreases blood flow.
Diffusion - Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
lower concentration.
Gaseous exchange - The movement of oxygen from the air into the blood, and carbon
dioxide from the blood into the air.
Tidal volume - The volume of air breathed in and out per breath.
