1
Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman college of Engineering
Vadamavandal-604410.
Prepared by,
V.Umapathy,
Prof./Mech.
Imortant Questions and Answers
PH25C02-Applied Physics (CE) – II
Syllabus
1. Mechanic: Elasticity – Types of supports and loads – free body diagrams - Equilibrium of
rigid bodies – Types of structures: Beams, frames, trusses – Analysis of trusses – internal
forces in members – Moment of inertia and bending- cantilever.
2. Acoustics: Reverberation – Loudness – Focusing – Echelon – Noise – Echo - Resonance –
Interference – Sabine’s formula (Derivation) – Absorption coefficient – Sonometer - Sound
insulation.
3. Lighting: Visual field glare, colour – day light calculations – day light design of windows,
measurement of day light and use of models and artificial skies - artificial lighting – LED
characteristics.
4. Engineering Materials: Composites – Fibre Reinforced Plastics (FRP) – Fiber Reinforced
Metals (FRM) – Fiber Reinforced Bricks (FRB) - Shape memory alloys – Ceramics –
Thermal, Mechanical, Electrical and Chemical properties –3D printed construction materials
- Nano materials.
S.No Description
.
Unit-I
Mechanics
Introduction
Mechanics: Elasticity and Structural Analysis
This topic covers fundamental concepts in mechanics, focusing on elasticity, types of supports and
loads, and analysis of structures like beams, frames, and trusses.
Elasticity
- Definition: Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after an external load is
, 2
removed.
- Key Concept: Materials have an elastic limit; within this limit, deformation is reversible.
Types of Supports
1. Fixed Support: Resists translation and rotation (e.g., welded joint).
2. Pinned Support: Resists translation but allows rotation (e.g., hinge).
3. Roller Support: Resists translation in one direction, allows movement in another (e.g., roller on a
surface).
Types of Loads
1. Point Load: Force applied at a single point.
2. Distributed Load: Force spread over a length or area (uniform or varying).
3. Moment: Rotational force.
Free Body Diagrams (FBDs)
- Purpose: Visual representation of forces and moments acting on a body.
- Use: Helps in applying equilibrium equations.
Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
- Conditions:
- ∑F = 0 (sum of forces = 0)
- ∑M = 0 (sum of moments = 0)
Types of Structures
1. Beams: Horizontal members resisting bending (e.g., I-beams).
2. Frames: Rigid structures with members connected at joints.
3. Trusses: Structures composed of straight members connected at joints, typically loaded at joints.
Analysis of Trusses
- Method of Joints: Analyze forces in members by considering equilibrium at joints.
- Method of Sections: Cut the truss to analyze forces in specific members.
Internal Forces in Members
- Axial Forces: Tension or compression along the member.
- Shear Forces: Perpendicular to the member.
- Bending Moments: Cause rotation.
Moment of Inertia and Bending
- Moment of Inertia (I): Resistance to bending; depends on cross-sectional shape.
- Bending: Deformation due to loads causing curvature.
, 3
Cantilever- Definition: A beam fixed at one end, free at the other.
- Loading: Typically has point loads or distributed loads causing bending.
Basic Concepts
Elasticity Basics
- Hooke's Law: Stress ∝ Strain (σ = Eε)
- Materials deform under load, return to original shape when unloaded (if within elastic limit)
- Key parameters: Young's Modulus (E), Stress (σ), Strain (ε)
Types of Supports
1. Fixed Support: Resists translation & rotation
2. Pinned Support: Resists translation, allows rotation
3. Roller Support: Resists translation in one direction
Types of Loads
1. Point Load: Force at a point
2. Distributed Load: Force spread over length/area
3. Moment: Rotational force
Free Body Diagrams (FBDs)
- Visual representation of forces/moments on a body
- Essential for applying equilibrium equations
Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
- ∑F = 0 (forces balance)
- ∑M = 0 (moments balance)
Types of Structures
1. Beams: Resist bending
2. Frames: Rigid structures
3. Trusses: Triangular members, loaded at joints
Analysis of Trusses
- Method of Joints: Analyze forces at joints
- Method of Sections: Cut truss to find member forces
Internal Forces
- Axial: Tension/compression
- Shear: Perpendicular to member
- Bending Moment: Causes rotation
, 4
Moment of Inertia & Bending
- I (moment of inertia) = resistance to bending
- Bending causes curvature
Cantilever
- Beam fixed at one end, free at other
- Bending occurs due to loads
Two Marks QA
Elasticity
1. Define elasticity.
- Ability of a material to return to original shape after load removal.
2. State Hooke's Law.
- Stress is proportional to strain within elastic limit (σ = Eε).
Types of Supports & Loads
3. What is a fixed support?
- Resists translation and rotation.
4. Define point load and distributed load.
- Point load: Force at a point; Distributed load: Force spread over length/area.
Free Body Diagrams (FBDs)
5. What is an FBD?
- Visual representation of forces/moments on a body.
6. Why use FBDs?
- To apply equilibrium equations.
Equilibrium
7. State equilibrium conditions.
- ∑F = 0 and ∑M = 0.
8.What is a rigid body?
- Body that doesn't deform under loads.
Structures
9. Differentiate beams and trusses.
- Beams resist bending; Trusses have triangular members with axial loads.
10. What is a cantilever?
- Beam fixed at one end, free at other.
Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman college of Engineering
Vadamavandal-604410.
Prepared by,
V.Umapathy,
Prof./Mech.
Imortant Questions and Answers
PH25C02-Applied Physics (CE) – II
Syllabus
1. Mechanic: Elasticity – Types of supports and loads – free body diagrams - Equilibrium of
rigid bodies – Types of structures: Beams, frames, trusses – Analysis of trusses – internal
forces in members – Moment of inertia and bending- cantilever.
2. Acoustics: Reverberation – Loudness – Focusing – Echelon – Noise – Echo - Resonance –
Interference – Sabine’s formula (Derivation) – Absorption coefficient – Sonometer - Sound
insulation.
3. Lighting: Visual field glare, colour – day light calculations – day light design of windows,
measurement of day light and use of models and artificial skies - artificial lighting – LED
characteristics.
4. Engineering Materials: Composites – Fibre Reinforced Plastics (FRP) – Fiber Reinforced
Metals (FRM) – Fiber Reinforced Bricks (FRB) - Shape memory alloys – Ceramics –
Thermal, Mechanical, Electrical and Chemical properties –3D printed construction materials
- Nano materials.
S.No Description
.
Unit-I
Mechanics
Introduction
Mechanics: Elasticity and Structural Analysis
This topic covers fundamental concepts in mechanics, focusing on elasticity, types of supports and
loads, and analysis of structures like beams, frames, and trusses.
Elasticity
- Definition: Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after an external load is
, 2
removed.
- Key Concept: Materials have an elastic limit; within this limit, deformation is reversible.
Types of Supports
1. Fixed Support: Resists translation and rotation (e.g., welded joint).
2. Pinned Support: Resists translation but allows rotation (e.g., hinge).
3. Roller Support: Resists translation in one direction, allows movement in another (e.g., roller on a
surface).
Types of Loads
1. Point Load: Force applied at a single point.
2. Distributed Load: Force spread over a length or area (uniform or varying).
3. Moment: Rotational force.
Free Body Diagrams (FBDs)
- Purpose: Visual representation of forces and moments acting on a body.
- Use: Helps in applying equilibrium equations.
Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
- Conditions:
- ∑F = 0 (sum of forces = 0)
- ∑M = 0 (sum of moments = 0)
Types of Structures
1. Beams: Horizontal members resisting bending (e.g., I-beams).
2. Frames: Rigid structures with members connected at joints.
3. Trusses: Structures composed of straight members connected at joints, typically loaded at joints.
Analysis of Trusses
- Method of Joints: Analyze forces in members by considering equilibrium at joints.
- Method of Sections: Cut the truss to analyze forces in specific members.
Internal Forces in Members
- Axial Forces: Tension or compression along the member.
- Shear Forces: Perpendicular to the member.
- Bending Moments: Cause rotation.
Moment of Inertia and Bending
- Moment of Inertia (I): Resistance to bending; depends on cross-sectional shape.
- Bending: Deformation due to loads causing curvature.
, 3
Cantilever- Definition: A beam fixed at one end, free at the other.
- Loading: Typically has point loads or distributed loads causing bending.
Basic Concepts
Elasticity Basics
- Hooke's Law: Stress ∝ Strain (σ = Eε)
- Materials deform under load, return to original shape when unloaded (if within elastic limit)
- Key parameters: Young's Modulus (E), Stress (σ), Strain (ε)
Types of Supports
1. Fixed Support: Resists translation & rotation
2. Pinned Support: Resists translation, allows rotation
3. Roller Support: Resists translation in one direction
Types of Loads
1. Point Load: Force at a point
2. Distributed Load: Force spread over length/area
3. Moment: Rotational force
Free Body Diagrams (FBDs)
- Visual representation of forces/moments on a body
- Essential for applying equilibrium equations
Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
- ∑F = 0 (forces balance)
- ∑M = 0 (moments balance)
Types of Structures
1. Beams: Resist bending
2. Frames: Rigid structures
3. Trusses: Triangular members, loaded at joints
Analysis of Trusses
- Method of Joints: Analyze forces at joints
- Method of Sections: Cut truss to find member forces
Internal Forces
- Axial: Tension/compression
- Shear: Perpendicular to member
- Bending Moment: Causes rotation
, 4
Moment of Inertia & Bending
- I (moment of inertia) = resistance to bending
- Bending causes curvature
Cantilever
- Beam fixed at one end, free at other
- Bending occurs due to loads
Two Marks QA
Elasticity
1. Define elasticity.
- Ability of a material to return to original shape after load removal.
2. State Hooke's Law.
- Stress is proportional to strain within elastic limit (σ = Eε).
Types of Supports & Loads
3. What is a fixed support?
- Resists translation and rotation.
4. Define point load and distributed load.
- Point load: Force at a point; Distributed load: Force spread over length/area.
Free Body Diagrams (FBDs)
5. What is an FBD?
- Visual representation of forces/moments on a body.
6. Why use FBDs?
- To apply equilibrium equations.
Equilibrium
7. State equilibrium conditions.
- ∑F = 0 and ∑M = 0.
8.What is a rigid body?
- Body that doesn't deform under loads.
Structures
9. Differentiate beams and trusses.
- Beams resist bending; Trusses have triangular members with axial loads.
10. What is a cantilever?
- Beam fixed at one end, free at other.
