Basic Neuroscience.Final Test Paper 2026\2027.
Neuron
neural cell
made up of specific structures: dendrites, cell body, axon, and
terminal buttons
Dendrites
(rootlike parts of cell) grow to make synaptic connections with
other neurons
Axon
Wirelike structure ending in the terminal buttons that extends from
the cell body
Myelin sheath
fatty covering around the axon of some neurons that speeds neural
impulses
Terminal buttons
Braced end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
, Basic Neuroscience.Final Test Paper 2026\2027.
Chemicals contained in terminal buttons that enable neurons to
communicate
Synapse
Space between the terminal buttons of one neuron and the
dendrites of the next neuron
Receptor site
Areas on a dendrite designed to receive a specific
neurotransmitter
Threshold
Level of neurotransmitters required to "fire" a neuron
Action potential
electric charge that spreads down the length of a neuron after the
threshold is achieved
All-or-none principal
a neuron either fires completely or it does not fire at all
Acetylcholine
Neuron
neural cell
made up of specific structures: dendrites, cell body, axon, and
terminal buttons
Dendrites
(rootlike parts of cell) grow to make synaptic connections with
other neurons
Axon
Wirelike structure ending in the terminal buttons that extends from
the cell body
Myelin sheath
fatty covering around the axon of some neurons that speeds neural
impulses
Terminal buttons
Braced end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
, Basic Neuroscience.Final Test Paper 2026\2027.
Chemicals contained in terminal buttons that enable neurons to
communicate
Synapse
Space between the terminal buttons of one neuron and the
dendrites of the next neuron
Receptor site
Areas on a dendrite designed to receive a specific
neurotransmitter
Threshold
Level of neurotransmitters required to "fire" a neuron
Action potential
electric charge that spreads down the length of a neuron after the
threshold is achieved
All-or-none principal
a neuron either fires completely or it does not fire at all
Acetylcholine
