WGU C207 DATA DRIVEN DECISION MAKING
FINAL COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is problem
recognition?
Answer: Framing the problem
◉ In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is data collection?
Answer: Solving the problem
◉ What is a key reason we study statistics?
Answer: To make informed decisions
◉ Visually presenting the data assists in which stage of the
Davenport-Kim model?
Answer: Communicating the results
◉ When does research fail to produce reliable results?
Answer: Poor research validity
◉ What are the two major issues surrounding research standards?
,Answer: Best practices and ethics
◉ In order to be a statistically valid sample, the sample must be:
Answer: The appropriate size and random
◉ Not selecting a random sample is what type of bias?
Answer: Measurement
◉ Not selecting a right sized sample is what type of bias?
Answer: Measurement
◉ Research best practices eliminate...
Answer: Bias
◉ Outliers create this type of error
Answer: Out-of Range
◉ Unpredictable error
Answer: Random Error - No correlation
◉ Error may occur from missing data. (Example: Space not filled in)
Answer: Omission Error - Distorted results
,◉ This error repeats itself
Answer: Systematic Error - Skewed results
◉ Observation points that are distant from other observations.
Answer: Outliers Note: Can be included or excluded in analysis
(causes skewness)
◉ Types of Bias: Bias that occurs from not selecting a random
sample
Answer: Measurement bias
◉ Types of Bias: Bias introduced because respondents believe it will
be beneficial if selected.
Answer: Conscious bias (key word: benefit)
◉ Consistent and repeatable data
Answer: Reliable
◉ Resulting from accurate measurements
Answer: Valid data
, ◉ If a responder lies on their survey, this creates what type of bias?
Answer: Information
◉ Sorting your spreadsheet can expose these errors by moving them
to the very top or the very bottom of the column
Answer: Omission or Out-of-Range
◉ An error that will fix itself over time
Answer: Random
◉ An error that will not fix itself. You must do something
Answer: Systematic
◉ Cleaning and organizing data
Answer: Data Management
◉ Are the following variable quantitative or qualitative? Personality
type, social class, or communication style
Answer: Qualitative
◉ A study used when you a conditions can't be controlled
Answer: Observational study
FINAL COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is problem
recognition?
Answer: Framing the problem
◉ In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is data collection?
Answer: Solving the problem
◉ What is a key reason we study statistics?
Answer: To make informed decisions
◉ Visually presenting the data assists in which stage of the
Davenport-Kim model?
Answer: Communicating the results
◉ When does research fail to produce reliable results?
Answer: Poor research validity
◉ What are the two major issues surrounding research standards?
,Answer: Best practices and ethics
◉ In order to be a statistically valid sample, the sample must be:
Answer: The appropriate size and random
◉ Not selecting a random sample is what type of bias?
Answer: Measurement
◉ Not selecting a right sized sample is what type of bias?
Answer: Measurement
◉ Research best practices eliminate...
Answer: Bias
◉ Outliers create this type of error
Answer: Out-of Range
◉ Unpredictable error
Answer: Random Error - No correlation
◉ Error may occur from missing data. (Example: Space not filled in)
Answer: Omission Error - Distorted results
,◉ This error repeats itself
Answer: Systematic Error - Skewed results
◉ Observation points that are distant from other observations.
Answer: Outliers Note: Can be included or excluded in analysis
(causes skewness)
◉ Types of Bias: Bias that occurs from not selecting a random
sample
Answer: Measurement bias
◉ Types of Bias: Bias introduced because respondents believe it will
be beneficial if selected.
Answer: Conscious bias (key word: benefit)
◉ Consistent and repeatable data
Answer: Reliable
◉ Resulting from accurate measurements
Answer: Valid data
, ◉ If a responder lies on their survey, this creates what type of bias?
Answer: Information
◉ Sorting your spreadsheet can expose these errors by moving them
to the very top or the very bottom of the column
Answer: Omission or Out-of-Range
◉ An error that will fix itself over time
Answer: Random
◉ An error that will not fix itself. You must do something
Answer: Systematic
◉ Cleaning and organizing data
Answer: Data Management
◉ Are the following variable quantitative or qualitative? Personality
type, social class, or communication style
Answer: Qualitative
◉ A study used when you a conditions can't be controlled
Answer: Observational study
