ASU BIO 340 ACTUAL EXAM 2027 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Gene. Answer: The physical unit of heredity,
composed of a DNA sequence that is
transcribed and encodes a polypeptide
or another functional molecule.
◉ Mutation. Answer: The addition of genetic variation that increases the
hereditary diversity of a population
◉ Independent events. Answer: The probability that one occurs does not
affect the probability that the other occurs
◉ Multiplicative Rule of Probability. Answer: If two events are
independent, then the probability that they both occur is given by
p(A,B)=P(A)P(B)
◉ True-breeding. Answer: A group of identical individuals that always
produce offspring of the same phenotype when mated with each other
◉ Replicate Crosses. Answer: Same cross repeated
,◉ Reciprocal Crosses. Answer: determines whether a trait is sex linked.
If autosomal, should be same ratio no matter which way cross is. If sex
linked, there will be a difference in phenotype ratios
◉ Test Crosses. Answer: Specific crosses to test hypotheses about genes.
◉ Mendel's Law of Segregation. Answer: a. The two copies of a gene
separate equally during gamete formation, so that half of the gametes
carry one member of the pair, and half carry the other member
b. During fertilization, gametes unite at random, i.e. they fuse without
regard to which allele is carried by the other
◉ Law of Independent Assortment. Answer: During gamete formation,
the segregation of alleles at one locus is independent of the segregation
of alleles at another locus.
◉ Dihybrid cross. Answer: 9:3:3:1
◉ Two-point test cross. Answer: 1:1:1:1 ratio
◉ Autosomal inheritance. Answer: Transmission of traits carried on
autosomes, which are chromosomes found in both males and females
, ◉ Pedigree. Answer: A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic
trait in several generations of a family
◉ Autosomal Dominant Inheritance. Answer: Only on copy of the
abnormal gene is required for individual to be affected
◉ Autosomal Recessive Inheritance. Answer: Need 2 copies of the
damaged gene to inherit the problem-1 from the mother and 1 from the
father
◉ Homologous. Answer: Chromosomes that have the same sequence of
genes and the same structure
◉ Recurrence risk. Answer: Chance that an inherited disorder present in
a family will affect another person in that family. Calculation is
dependent upon the mode of inheritance as well as the pedigree of the
family being counseled.
◉ Gene interactions. Answer: The ways genes collaborate or interact to
influence a phenotype.
◉ Recessive mutation. Answer: This type of mutation is seen only in
homozygous individuals.
◉ Null mutation. Answer: Mutation in which all of the function is lost
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Gene. Answer: The physical unit of heredity,
composed of a DNA sequence that is
transcribed and encodes a polypeptide
or another functional molecule.
◉ Mutation. Answer: The addition of genetic variation that increases the
hereditary diversity of a population
◉ Independent events. Answer: The probability that one occurs does not
affect the probability that the other occurs
◉ Multiplicative Rule of Probability. Answer: If two events are
independent, then the probability that they both occur is given by
p(A,B)=P(A)P(B)
◉ True-breeding. Answer: A group of identical individuals that always
produce offspring of the same phenotype when mated with each other
◉ Replicate Crosses. Answer: Same cross repeated
,◉ Reciprocal Crosses. Answer: determines whether a trait is sex linked.
If autosomal, should be same ratio no matter which way cross is. If sex
linked, there will be a difference in phenotype ratios
◉ Test Crosses. Answer: Specific crosses to test hypotheses about genes.
◉ Mendel's Law of Segregation. Answer: a. The two copies of a gene
separate equally during gamete formation, so that half of the gametes
carry one member of the pair, and half carry the other member
b. During fertilization, gametes unite at random, i.e. they fuse without
regard to which allele is carried by the other
◉ Law of Independent Assortment. Answer: During gamete formation,
the segregation of alleles at one locus is independent of the segregation
of alleles at another locus.
◉ Dihybrid cross. Answer: 9:3:3:1
◉ Two-point test cross. Answer: 1:1:1:1 ratio
◉ Autosomal inheritance. Answer: Transmission of traits carried on
autosomes, which are chromosomes found in both males and females
, ◉ Pedigree. Answer: A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic
trait in several generations of a family
◉ Autosomal Dominant Inheritance. Answer: Only on copy of the
abnormal gene is required for individual to be affected
◉ Autosomal Recessive Inheritance. Answer: Need 2 copies of the
damaged gene to inherit the problem-1 from the mother and 1 from the
father
◉ Homologous. Answer: Chromosomes that have the same sequence of
genes and the same structure
◉ Recurrence risk. Answer: Chance that an inherited disorder present in
a family will affect another person in that family. Calculation is
dependent upon the mode of inheritance as well as the pedigree of the
family being counseled.
◉ Gene interactions. Answer: The ways genes collaborate or interact to
influence a phenotype.
◉ Recessive mutation. Answer: This type of mutation is seen only in
homozygous individuals.
◉ Null mutation. Answer: Mutation in which all of the function is lost
