HLSC 3P19- Midterm Exam Test Questions and Answers Rated A
A drug contains a known quantity of an identified pure
substance
What is a drug? - intended to have a selective action but this ideal is sel-
dom achieved (therapeutic use)
- always risk of adverse ettects
What drug name should be used for this class? generic names
1. pharmacokinetics
What are the 2 major subdivisions of pharmacology?
2. pharmacodynamics
The study of what the body does to the drug
What is pharmacokinetics? - dose of the drug
- resulting drug [ ] in the body over time
the study of what the drugs do to the body
What is the pharmacodynamics? - mechanism and magnitude of drug ettect
- resulting drug [ ] in the body over time
1. absorption
2. distribution
What are the aspects of pharmacokinetics?
3. biotransformation
3. excretion
1. receptor binding
2. signal transduction
What are the aspects of pharmacodynamics?
3. biological ettect
4. dose response relationship
the passage of drug from the site of administration into
What does absorption refer to? the general circulation, except for drug that are applied
directly to the target tissue
They need to get into the circulation
Where do oral or topical drugs need to go?
- IV goes directly there so that step is missed
1. has to cross the cell membrane of the GI tract
List barriers that limit drug absorption.
2. has to cross the cell membrane into the blood vessel
1/7
, HLSC 3P19- Midterm Exam Test Questions and Answers Rated A
1. passive dittusion
How do drugs cross the cell membrane? 2. facilitated dittusion
3. active transport
- most common
- down a [ ] gradient
Describe passive dittusion.
- non selective
- non saturable
- down [ ] gradient
Describe facilitated dittusion. - selective
- saturable
- against [ ] gradient
- selective
Describe active transport.
saturable
requires energy (ATP)
1. aqueous (needs to be very small)
What are the 2 types of passive dittusion?
2. lipid (most common/easiest)
- high water solubility
Describe ionized drugs.
- cannot cross the cell membrane easily
- high lipid solubility
Describe unionized drugs.
- can readily cross the cell membrane
Acid equation HA ’H+ + A-
the protonated (uncharged) form will prevail in a low pH
What is HA? (acidic) medium
- higher degree of lipid solubility
the unprotonated (charged) ion will prevail in a high pH
What is A-? (alkaline) medium
- water soluble
Which form will be absorbed more, HA or A-? HA
2/7
A drug contains a known quantity of an identified pure
substance
What is a drug? - intended to have a selective action but this ideal is sel-
dom achieved (therapeutic use)
- always risk of adverse ettects
What drug name should be used for this class? generic names
1. pharmacokinetics
What are the 2 major subdivisions of pharmacology?
2. pharmacodynamics
The study of what the body does to the drug
What is pharmacokinetics? - dose of the drug
- resulting drug [ ] in the body over time
the study of what the drugs do to the body
What is the pharmacodynamics? - mechanism and magnitude of drug ettect
- resulting drug [ ] in the body over time
1. absorption
2. distribution
What are the aspects of pharmacokinetics?
3. biotransformation
3. excretion
1. receptor binding
2. signal transduction
What are the aspects of pharmacodynamics?
3. biological ettect
4. dose response relationship
the passage of drug from the site of administration into
What does absorption refer to? the general circulation, except for drug that are applied
directly to the target tissue
They need to get into the circulation
Where do oral or topical drugs need to go?
- IV goes directly there so that step is missed
1. has to cross the cell membrane of the GI tract
List barriers that limit drug absorption.
2. has to cross the cell membrane into the blood vessel
1/7
, HLSC 3P19- Midterm Exam Test Questions and Answers Rated A
1. passive dittusion
How do drugs cross the cell membrane? 2. facilitated dittusion
3. active transport
- most common
- down a [ ] gradient
Describe passive dittusion.
- non selective
- non saturable
- down [ ] gradient
Describe facilitated dittusion. - selective
- saturable
- against [ ] gradient
- selective
Describe active transport.
saturable
requires energy (ATP)
1. aqueous (needs to be very small)
What are the 2 types of passive dittusion?
2. lipid (most common/easiest)
- high water solubility
Describe ionized drugs.
- cannot cross the cell membrane easily
- high lipid solubility
Describe unionized drugs.
- can readily cross the cell membrane
Acid equation HA ’H+ + A-
the protonated (uncharged) form will prevail in a low pH
What is HA? (acidic) medium
- higher degree of lipid solubility
the unprotonated (charged) ion will prevail in a high pH
What is A-? (alkaline) medium
- water soluble
Which form will be absorbed more, HA or A-? HA
2/7
