Biol 2457 Final Exam |Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers with Complete Solutions |100% Correct 2026
Anatomy -Correct Answer ✔-the study of the structures of the body & their
relationships to each other
Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-the study of the functions of the body parts & how
they work to carry out their life-sustaining activities
Gross Anatomy -Correct Answer ✔-Studying anatomy without a microscope
Microscopic Anatomy -Correct Answer ✔-Studying anatomy with a microscope
Molecular Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying the function of individual
molecules
Systemic Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying the function of individual organ
systems
Cellular Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying the function of individual cells
Pathophysiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying how diseases & aging alter
physiology
,Metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-is the sum of all the chemical reactions that keep
an organism alive
Catabolism -Correct Answer ✔-the reactions that break down large molecules
Anabolism -Correct Answer ✔-the reactions to build large molecules
Homeostasis -Correct Answer ✔-a relatively constant set of internal conditions that
stay the same even when external conditions change
Negative Feedback Loops -Correct Answer ✔-get the body back to the original set
point as quickly as possible.
Thermoregulation (e.g., body temperature)◦
Chemical balance (e.g., pH or blood salinity)◦
Hormone levels (e.g., insulin & glucagon - regulate blood sugar levels)
Positive Feedback Loops -Correct Answer ✔-Goal: to create a "new (temporary)
set point
Examples◦ Blood clotting◦
Labor & delivery◦
Neuron signaling
,Integumentary -Correct Answer ✔-The external body covering that makes Vitamin
D and has receptors & glands
Muscular -Correct Answer ✔-The system that enables movement, maintains
posture, and generates heat
Skeletal -Correct Answer ✔-The system that protects &supports organs and
provides a framework for muscle attachment
Nervous -Correct Answer ✔-The control system that responds to internal &
external stimuli
Cardiovascular -Correct Answer ✔-The system that pumps blood(with oxygen,
carbon dioxide, nutrients, & waste)
Lymphatic -Correct Answer ✔-The system that collects fluid that leaks out of
blood vessels and houses white blood cells
Respiratory -Correct Answer ✔-The system that supplies oxygen to the blood and
removes carbon dioxide
Endocrine -Correct Answer ✔-The glands that secrete hormones to regulate
growth, reproduction, & metabolism
Digestive -Correct Answer ✔-The system that breaks down food into absorbable
units (that enter the bloodstream) &eliminates waste
, Urinary -Correct Answer ✔-The system that regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-
base balance in the blood
Reproductive -Correct Answer ✔-The system that is used to generate offspring
All of the body's organs are found inside_______ -Correct Answer ✔-cavities
Dorsal cavities -Correct Answer ✔-cranial &vertebral
protect: brain and spine or vertebral column
Ventral cavities -Correct Answer ✔-thoracic, abdominal, & pelvic
protect: visceral organs
Axial ( body divisions) -Correct Answer ✔-head, neck trunk
Appendicular ( body divisions) -Correct Answer ✔-limbs
anatomical position -Correct Answer ✔-The body is erect
The palms are facing forward
The feet are slightly separated
Answers with Complete Solutions |100% Correct 2026
Anatomy -Correct Answer ✔-the study of the structures of the body & their
relationships to each other
Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-the study of the functions of the body parts & how
they work to carry out their life-sustaining activities
Gross Anatomy -Correct Answer ✔-Studying anatomy without a microscope
Microscopic Anatomy -Correct Answer ✔-Studying anatomy with a microscope
Molecular Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying the function of individual
molecules
Systemic Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying the function of individual organ
systems
Cellular Physiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying the function of individual cells
Pathophysiology -Correct Answer ✔-Studying how diseases & aging alter
physiology
,Metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-is the sum of all the chemical reactions that keep
an organism alive
Catabolism -Correct Answer ✔-the reactions that break down large molecules
Anabolism -Correct Answer ✔-the reactions to build large molecules
Homeostasis -Correct Answer ✔-a relatively constant set of internal conditions that
stay the same even when external conditions change
Negative Feedback Loops -Correct Answer ✔-get the body back to the original set
point as quickly as possible.
Thermoregulation (e.g., body temperature)◦
Chemical balance (e.g., pH or blood salinity)◦
Hormone levels (e.g., insulin & glucagon - regulate blood sugar levels)
Positive Feedback Loops -Correct Answer ✔-Goal: to create a "new (temporary)
set point
Examples◦ Blood clotting◦
Labor & delivery◦
Neuron signaling
,Integumentary -Correct Answer ✔-The external body covering that makes Vitamin
D and has receptors & glands
Muscular -Correct Answer ✔-The system that enables movement, maintains
posture, and generates heat
Skeletal -Correct Answer ✔-The system that protects &supports organs and
provides a framework for muscle attachment
Nervous -Correct Answer ✔-The control system that responds to internal &
external stimuli
Cardiovascular -Correct Answer ✔-The system that pumps blood(with oxygen,
carbon dioxide, nutrients, & waste)
Lymphatic -Correct Answer ✔-The system that collects fluid that leaks out of
blood vessels and houses white blood cells
Respiratory -Correct Answer ✔-The system that supplies oxygen to the blood and
removes carbon dioxide
Endocrine -Correct Answer ✔-The glands that secrete hormones to regulate
growth, reproduction, & metabolism
Digestive -Correct Answer ✔-The system that breaks down food into absorbable
units (that enter the bloodstream) &eliminates waste
, Urinary -Correct Answer ✔-The system that regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-
base balance in the blood
Reproductive -Correct Answer ✔-The system that is used to generate offspring
All of the body's organs are found inside_______ -Correct Answer ✔-cavities
Dorsal cavities -Correct Answer ✔-cranial &vertebral
protect: brain and spine or vertebral column
Ventral cavities -Correct Answer ✔-thoracic, abdominal, & pelvic
protect: visceral organs
Axial ( body divisions) -Correct Answer ✔-head, neck trunk
Appendicular ( body divisions) -Correct Answer ✔-limbs
anatomical position -Correct Answer ✔-The body is erect
The palms are facing forward
The feet are slightly separated
