MICR 221 final exam questions with correct
answers
what is an HERV and what does it represent - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | | |
human endogenous retroviruses; represent footprints of ancient
| | | | | | |
germline retroviral infections | |
viruses do not encode information for - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-energy
| | | | | | | | |
production, ribosomes, tRNAs (some exceptions), lipid membrane
| | | | | | |
synthesis
each plaque represents - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-one single "successful"
| | | | | | | |
viral infection
|
virion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mature infectious virus particle
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capsid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-protein shell that encloses and protects
| | | | | | | | |
the viral nucleic acid
| | |
capsomere - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-subunit of a viral capsid
| | | | | | |
,core - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-internal part of the virus particle
| | | | | | | | |
consisting of nucleic acid and closely associated proteins
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nucleocapsid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-structure formed by capsid | | | | | | |
containing the nucleic acid or core | | | | |
envelope - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-viral membrane consisting of a lipid
| | | | | | | | |
bilayer containing spike proteins
| | |
spike proteins - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-viral glycoproteins projecting
| | | | | | |
from the envelope
| |
two general mechanisms for viruses to package their genomes (capsids)
| | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-helical capsids and capsids with icosahedral
| | | | | | | | |
symetry
what type of naked helical viruses have never been found - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-animal viruses |
what type of nucleic acid is found in enveloped animal viruses with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
helical capsids - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-RNA only, never DNA
| | | | | | |
why are helical capsids "open structures" - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the
| | | | | | | | |
ends aren't sealed
| |
, icosahedrons have how many vertices and what shape are their
| | | | | | | | | |
subunits - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-20 vertices, triangle subunits
| | | | | |
how does genetic economy apply to icosahedral capsids - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-the same proteins are used to create the triangle subunits
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how do non-enveloped viruses typically exit the cell - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-lysis
how do enveloped viruses typically acquire their envelope - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-budding through a membrane in the host cell into some | | | | | | | | | |
extra-cytoplasmic compartment |
3 roles of glycoproteins - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. entry and host range
| | | | | | | | | |
|determination 2. assembly and egress 3. evasion from vertebrate
| | | | | | | | |
immune system |
what two things does Gag polyprotein bind to? why? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-binds the retrovirus RNA genome and the tail of the | | | | | | | | | |
glycoprotein in the membrane of the cell; does this to drag RNA to the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
surface of the cell and a budding reaction occurs to form an enveloped
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
virus
answers
what is an HERV and what does it represent - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | | |
human endogenous retroviruses; represent footprints of ancient
| | | | | | |
germline retroviral infections | |
viruses do not encode information for - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-energy
| | | | | | | | |
production, ribosomes, tRNAs (some exceptions), lipid membrane
| | | | | | |
synthesis
each plaque represents - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-one single "successful"
| | | | | | | |
viral infection
|
virion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mature infectious virus particle
| | | | | |
capsid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-protein shell that encloses and protects
| | | | | | | | |
the viral nucleic acid
| | |
capsomere - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-subunit of a viral capsid
| | | | | | |
,core - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-internal part of the virus particle
| | | | | | | | |
consisting of nucleic acid and closely associated proteins
| | | | | | |
nucleocapsid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-structure formed by capsid | | | | | | |
containing the nucleic acid or core | | | | |
envelope - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-viral membrane consisting of a lipid
| | | | | | | | |
bilayer containing spike proteins
| | |
spike proteins - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-viral glycoproteins projecting
| | | | | | |
from the envelope
| |
two general mechanisms for viruses to package their genomes (capsids)
| | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-helical capsids and capsids with icosahedral
| | | | | | | | |
symetry
what type of naked helical viruses have never been found - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-animal viruses |
what type of nucleic acid is found in enveloped animal viruses with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
helical capsids - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-RNA only, never DNA
| | | | | | |
why are helical capsids "open structures" - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the
| | | | | | | | |
ends aren't sealed
| |
, icosahedrons have how many vertices and what shape are their
| | | | | | | | | |
subunits - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-20 vertices, triangle subunits
| | | | | |
how does genetic economy apply to icosahedral capsids - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-the same proteins are used to create the triangle subunits
| | | | | | | | |
how do non-enveloped viruses typically exit the cell - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-lysis
how do enveloped viruses typically acquire their envelope - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-budding through a membrane in the host cell into some | | | | | | | | | |
extra-cytoplasmic compartment |
3 roles of glycoproteins - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. entry and host range
| | | | | | | | | |
|determination 2. assembly and egress 3. evasion from vertebrate
| | | | | | | | |
immune system |
what two things does Gag polyprotein bind to? why? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-binds the retrovirus RNA genome and the tail of the | | | | | | | | | |
glycoprotein in the membrane of the cell; does this to drag RNA to the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
surface of the cell and a budding reaction occurs to form an enveloped
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
virus
