ABO ADVANCED PRACTICE EXAMINATION Questions with
Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: Forward Type.
Answer: Looking for unknown antigen on RBC, use known antibody (Antisera), Agglutination indicates the
presence of antigen, determines the ABO group
Question 2: Reverse Type.
Answer: Use Known antigen (reagent red cells) to detect--Unknown antibody in plasma, agglutination
indicates the presence of antibody, confirms the ABO group (most of the time, ~2% discrepancy)
Question 3: accommodation.
Answer: the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina
Question 4: Irregular astigmatism.
Answer: A refractive condition caused by a cornea which is damaged and irregular so that rays of light
come to many focal points on the retina; is not correctable by cylinders.
Question 5: ABO subgroups: "A" main subgroups.
Answer: Type "A" may be broken down into 2 main subgroups: A1 and A2
Question 6: posterior chamber.
Answer: space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor
Question 7: Rods.
Answer: retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision,
when cones don't respond
Question 8: Hyperphoria.
Answer: Tendency for the eye to turn upward when both eyes are fixating on ab object; controlled by
fusion.
Question 9: anisometropia.
Answer: significant unequal refractive error between two eyes
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,Question 10: presbyopia.
Answer: farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and
old age.
Question 11: What % of A people have an unexpected reverse reaction that doesn't match forward
reaction.
Answer: 1% of the 40% that are type A
Question 12: Myopia (nearsightedness).
Answer: a condition resulting from a refractive error in which light rays entering the eye are brought into
focus in front of the retina.
Question 13: A1 phenotype has which antigens.
Answer: A1 and A (H)
Question 14: Compound hyperopic astigmatism.
Answer: The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling behind the retina.
Question 15: A2 phenotype has which antigens.
Answer: A only (NO such thing as A2 antigen) (H)
Question 16: sclera and cornea.
Answer: two regions of the fibrous tunic
Question 17: Quantitative A1 v. A2: A1.
Answer: A1 has higher concentration of A (in addition to having A1 antigen)
Question 18: vitreous humor.
Answer: jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape
Question 19: Esophoria.
Answer: the eye turns in when the client is not focusing on an object
Question 20: Index of refraction Cornea.
Answer: 1.37
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, Question 21: Fusion occurs.
Answer: in the brain
Question 22: Epithelium.
Answer: Outermost layer of the cornea, highly regenerative
Question 23: Quantitative: A1 v A2: A2.
Answer: A2 has fewer A antigens and Higher concentration of H
Question 24: accomadation.
Answer: the ability of the lens to adjust shape to facilitate focusing
Question 25: farsighted eye.
Answer: the eye is too short, the light rays focus behind the retina, blurry close up, hyperopic
Question 26: Qualitative: A1 v A2.
Answer: Linear (A) vs. branched (A1) forms of the same antigen
Question 27: Group AB can also be subdivided into different subgroups.
Answer:
1. A1B...A1
2. A
3. B
4. (H) antigens. A2B.....A and B
5. (H) antigens
Question 28: astigmatism.
Answer: a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea
Question 29: Order of ABO with decreasing amount of H.
Answer: O>A2>B>A2B>A1>A1B (usually still have enough for 3+/4+ rxn.)
Question 30: A1 phenotype possible genotype.
Answer: A1/A1, A1/O, A1/A2
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Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: Forward Type.
Answer: Looking for unknown antigen on RBC, use known antibody (Antisera), Agglutination indicates the
presence of antigen, determines the ABO group
Question 2: Reverse Type.
Answer: Use Known antigen (reagent red cells) to detect--Unknown antibody in plasma, agglutination
indicates the presence of antibody, confirms the ABO group (most of the time, ~2% discrepancy)
Question 3: accommodation.
Answer: the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina
Question 4: Irregular astigmatism.
Answer: A refractive condition caused by a cornea which is damaged and irregular so that rays of light
come to many focal points on the retina; is not correctable by cylinders.
Question 5: ABO subgroups: "A" main subgroups.
Answer: Type "A" may be broken down into 2 main subgroups: A1 and A2
Question 6: posterior chamber.
Answer: space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor
Question 7: Rods.
Answer: retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision,
when cones don't respond
Question 8: Hyperphoria.
Answer: Tendency for the eye to turn upward when both eyes are fixating on ab object; controlled by
fusion.
Question 9: anisometropia.
Answer: significant unequal refractive error between two eyes
Page 1
,Question 10: presbyopia.
Answer: farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and
old age.
Question 11: What % of A people have an unexpected reverse reaction that doesn't match forward
reaction.
Answer: 1% of the 40% that are type A
Question 12: Myopia (nearsightedness).
Answer: a condition resulting from a refractive error in which light rays entering the eye are brought into
focus in front of the retina.
Question 13: A1 phenotype has which antigens.
Answer: A1 and A (H)
Question 14: Compound hyperopic astigmatism.
Answer: The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling behind the retina.
Question 15: A2 phenotype has which antigens.
Answer: A only (NO such thing as A2 antigen) (H)
Question 16: sclera and cornea.
Answer: two regions of the fibrous tunic
Question 17: Quantitative A1 v. A2: A1.
Answer: A1 has higher concentration of A (in addition to having A1 antigen)
Question 18: vitreous humor.
Answer: jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape
Question 19: Esophoria.
Answer: the eye turns in when the client is not focusing on an object
Question 20: Index of refraction Cornea.
Answer: 1.37
Page 2
, Question 21: Fusion occurs.
Answer: in the brain
Question 22: Epithelium.
Answer: Outermost layer of the cornea, highly regenerative
Question 23: Quantitative: A1 v A2: A2.
Answer: A2 has fewer A antigens and Higher concentration of H
Question 24: accomadation.
Answer: the ability of the lens to adjust shape to facilitate focusing
Question 25: farsighted eye.
Answer: the eye is too short, the light rays focus behind the retina, blurry close up, hyperopic
Question 26: Qualitative: A1 v A2.
Answer: Linear (A) vs. branched (A1) forms of the same antigen
Question 27: Group AB can also be subdivided into different subgroups.
Answer:
1. A1B...A1
2. A
3. B
4. (H) antigens. A2B.....A and B
5. (H) antigens
Question 28: astigmatism.
Answer: a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea
Question 29: Order of ABO with decreasing amount of H.
Answer: O>A2>B>A2B>A1>A1B (usually still have enough for 3+/4+ rxn.)
Question 30: A1 phenotype possible genotype.
Answer: A1/A1, A1/O, A1/A2
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