NSG 3160 EXAM 3 - ADVANCED
NURSING RESEARCH AND STATISTICS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS AND
EXPLANATIONS
1. A researcher is studying the effect of a new discharge protocol on readmission rates. If the
researcher sets the alpha level at 0.05 and the p-value is 0.03, which action is most
appropriate regarding the null hypothesis?
A. Reject the null hypothesis
B. Accept the null hypothesis
C. Determine the power is insufficient
D. Fail to reject the null hypothesis
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: When the p-value (0.03) is less than the alpha level (0.05), the
results are statistically significant, and the researcher rejects the null hypothesis.
2. Which sampling strategy involves selecting every ‘kth’ case from a list or sequence to
ensure a degree of randomness and coverage?
A. Simple random sampling
,B. Systematic sampling
C. Stratified random sampling
D. Cluster sampling
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Systematic sampling involves the selection of every kth case
from a list, such as every 10th person on a patient registry.
3. A study measures the internal consistency of a new pain scale using Cronbach’s alpha.
Which value would indicate the highest level of reliability for clinical application?
A. 0.55
B. 0.92
C. 0.70
D. 0.10
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Cronbach’s alpha ranges from 0 to 1; values above 0.80 or 0.90
indicate high internal consistency and reliability.
4. In a quantitative study, a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually
false. This phenomenon is known as:
A. Type I error
B. Type II error
, C. Sampling bias
D. Alpha error
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A Type II error (beta) occurs when a researcher fails to reject a
false null hypothesis, effectively missing a real effect.
5. Which level of measurement is characterized by an absolute zero point, allowing for the
statement that one value is ‘twice as large’ as another?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Ratio level measurement has a true zero point, which allows for
mathematical ratios (e.g., weight, height, time).
6. A researcher wants to ensure that specific subgroups, such as ethnic minorities, are
adequately represented in a sample. Which probability sampling method is most
appropriate?
A. Purposive sampling
B. Stratified random sampling
NURSING RESEARCH AND STATISTICS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS AND
EXPLANATIONS
1. A researcher is studying the effect of a new discharge protocol on readmission rates. If the
researcher sets the alpha level at 0.05 and the p-value is 0.03, which action is most
appropriate regarding the null hypothesis?
A. Reject the null hypothesis
B. Accept the null hypothesis
C. Determine the power is insufficient
D. Fail to reject the null hypothesis
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: When the p-value (0.03) is less than the alpha level (0.05), the
results are statistically significant, and the researcher rejects the null hypothesis.
2. Which sampling strategy involves selecting every ‘kth’ case from a list or sequence to
ensure a degree of randomness and coverage?
A. Simple random sampling
,B. Systematic sampling
C. Stratified random sampling
D. Cluster sampling
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Systematic sampling involves the selection of every kth case
from a list, such as every 10th person on a patient registry.
3. A study measures the internal consistency of a new pain scale using Cronbach’s alpha.
Which value would indicate the highest level of reliability for clinical application?
A. 0.55
B. 0.92
C. 0.70
D. 0.10
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Cronbach’s alpha ranges from 0 to 1; values above 0.80 or 0.90
indicate high internal consistency and reliability.
4. In a quantitative study, a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually
false. This phenomenon is known as:
A. Type I error
B. Type II error
, C. Sampling bias
D. Alpha error
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A Type II error (beta) occurs when a researcher fails to reject a
false null hypothesis, effectively missing a real effect.
5. Which level of measurement is characterized by an absolute zero point, allowing for the
statement that one value is ‘twice as large’ as another?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Ratio level measurement has a true zero point, which allows for
mathematical ratios (e.g., weight, height, time).
6. A researcher wants to ensure that specific subgroups, such as ethnic minorities, are
adequately represented in a sample. Which probability sampling method is most
appropriate?
A. Purposive sampling
B. Stratified random sampling
