BIO 201 Exam 3 – Questions With Correct Solutions
What composes the muscular system? Correct Ans - Skeletal muscles
only
What is the study of the muscular system called? Correct Ans - Myology
What are the 4 functions of muscles? Correct Ans - 1. Movement
2. Stability
3. Control of body openings and passages
4. Heat production
Muscular movements also serve various roles in ______________. Correct Ans
- Communication
Describe stability. Correct Ans - Prevents unwanted movements, there
are some muscles known as the antigravity muscles that fight against gravity
that help us not fall over or slump.
What percent of body heat is produced by skeletal muscles? Correct Ans -
85%
What is the endomysium layer? Correct Ans - Thin sleeve of loose
connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber.
The endomysium layer provides room for two things, what are they?
Correct Ans - 1. Blood capillaries
2. Nerve fibers
The endomysium also provides an __________ ______________ environment for the
muscle fiber. Correct Ans - extracellular chemical
Relate the endomysium tissue and excitation. Correct Ans - Excitation of
the muscle fiber depends on exchange of calcium, sodium, and potassium ions
across the endomysial tissue and the nerve end.
What is the perimysium layer? Correct Ans - Thicker connective tissue
sheath that wraps muscle fibers together in bundles called fassicles.
,What are fassicles? Correct Ans - Bundles of muscle fibers together
Are fassicles visible to the naked eye, and if so what do they look like?
Correct Ans - Yes fassicles are visible to the naked eye, and they appear as
parallel strands.
What does the perimysium carry? Correct Ans - Larger blood vessels,
larger nerves, and muscle spindles
What is the epimysium layer? Correct Ans - The fibrous sheath that
surrounds the entire muscle
What is the fascia? Correct Ans - Sheet of connective tissue that separates
neighboring muscles or muscle groups from each other and from the
subcutaneous tissue.
What are the two types of muscle attachments? Correct Ans - 1. Indirect
2. Direct
What is an indirect attachment? Correct Ans - The muscle ends short of
its bony destination and the gap is bridged by a tendon.
What is a tendon? Correct Ans - Fibrous band or sheet
What is direct attachment? Correct Ans - There is so little separation
between muscle and bone that to the naked eye, the red muscular tissue
seems to emerge directly from the bone.
What is the origin? Correct Ans - The bony site of attachment at the
relatively stationary end.
What is the insertion? Correct Ans - Attachment site at its more mobile
end
What is the belly? Correct Ans - The thicker middle region between the
origin and insertion.
What is the prime mover (agonist)? Correct Ans - The muscle that
produces most of the force during a particular joint action.
, What is the synergist? Correct Ans - Muscle that aids the prime mover.
What is the antagonist? Correct Ans - A muscle that opposes the prime
mover, limits the speed or range of the prime mover.
What is a fixator? Correct Ans - A muscle that prevents a bone from
moving.
What is an intrinsic muscle? Correct Ans - Is entirely contained within a
particular region, having both its origin and insertion there.
What is an extrinsic muscle? Correct Ans - Acts upon a designated region
but it's origin is elsewhere.
Example: Some movements in the fingers are produced in the forearm
(Extrinsic muscles)
What is innervation of a muscle? Correct Ans - Refers to the identity of
the nerve that it stimulates.
The muscles are innervated by two groups of muscles, what are they?
Correct Ans - 1. Spinal nerves
2. Cranial nerves
What are spinal nerves? Correct Ans - Arise from the spinal cord, emerge
through the intervertebral foramina, and innervate muscles below the neck.
What are cranial nerves? Correct Ans - Arise from the base of the brain
and emerge through the skull foramina, and innervate muscles of the head
and neck.
What are the 5 characteristics of muscle? Correct Ans - 1.
Responsiveness (excitability)
2. Conductivity
3. Contractility
4. Extensibility
5. Elasticity
What composes the muscular system? Correct Ans - Skeletal muscles
only
What is the study of the muscular system called? Correct Ans - Myology
What are the 4 functions of muscles? Correct Ans - 1. Movement
2. Stability
3. Control of body openings and passages
4. Heat production
Muscular movements also serve various roles in ______________. Correct Ans
- Communication
Describe stability. Correct Ans - Prevents unwanted movements, there
are some muscles known as the antigravity muscles that fight against gravity
that help us not fall over or slump.
What percent of body heat is produced by skeletal muscles? Correct Ans -
85%
What is the endomysium layer? Correct Ans - Thin sleeve of loose
connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber.
The endomysium layer provides room for two things, what are they?
Correct Ans - 1. Blood capillaries
2. Nerve fibers
The endomysium also provides an __________ ______________ environment for the
muscle fiber. Correct Ans - extracellular chemical
Relate the endomysium tissue and excitation. Correct Ans - Excitation of
the muscle fiber depends on exchange of calcium, sodium, and potassium ions
across the endomysial tissue and the nerve end.
What is the perimysium layer? Correct Ans - Thicker connective tissue
sheath that wraps muscle fibers together in bundles called fassicles.
,What are fassicles? Correct Ans - Bundles of muscle fibers together
Are fassicles visible to the naked eye, and if so what do they look like?
Correct Ans - Yes fassicles are visible to the naked eye, and they appear as
parallel strands.
What does the perimysium carry? Correct Ans - Larger blood vessels,
larger nerves, and muscle spindles
What is the epimysium layer? Correct Ans - The fibrous sheath that
surrounds the entire muscle
What is the fascia? Correct Ans - Sheet of connective tissue that separates
neighboring muscles or muscle groups from each other and from the
subcutaneous tissue.
What are the two types of muscle attachments? Correct Ans - 1. Indirect
2. Direct
What is an indirect attachment? Correct Ans - The muscle ends short of
its bony destination and the gap is bridged by a tendon.
What is a tendon? Correct Ans - Fibrous band or sheet
What is direct attachment? Correct Ans - There is so little separation
between muscle and bone that to the naked eye, the red muscular tissue
seems to emerge directly from the bone.
What is the origin? Correct Ans - The bony site of attachment at the
relatively stationary end.
What is the insertion? Correct Ans - Attachment site at its more mobile
end
What is the belly? Correct Ans - The thicker middle region between the
origin and insertion.
What is the prime mover (agonist)? Correct Ans - The muscle that
produces most of the force during a particular joint action.
, What is the synergist? Correct Ans - Muscle that aids the prime mover.
What is the antagonist? Correct Ans - A muscle that opposes the prime
mover, limits the speed or range of the prime mover.
What is a fixator? Correct Ans - A muscle that prevents a bone from
moving.
What is an intrinsic muscle? Correct Ans - Is entirely contained within a
particular region, having both its origin and insertion there.
What is an extrinsic muscle? Correct Ans - Acts upon a designated region
but it's origin is elsewhere.
Example: Some movements in the fingers are produced in the forearm
(Extrinsic muscles)
What is innervation of a muscle? Correct Ans - Refers to the identity of
the nerve that it stimulates.
The muscles are innervated by two groups of muscles, what are they?
Correct Ans - 1. Spinal nerves
2. Cranial nerves
What are spinal nerves? Correct Ans - Arise from the spinal cord, emerge
through the intervertebral foramina, and innervate muscles below the neck.
What are cranial nerves? Correct Ans - Arise from the base of the brain
and emerge through the skull foramina, and innervate muscles of the head
and neck.
What are the 5 characteristics of muscle? Correct Ans - 1.
Responsiveness (excitability)
2. Conductivity
3. Contractility
4. Extensibility
5. Elasticity
