Balanced Body Reformer Test Out Practice Exam 2026/2027 – 250+
Verified Questions with Correct Answers | Pilates Anatomy, Reformer
3 Programming, Sling Systems & Postural Alignment
Section 1: Pilates Anatomy & Movement Fundamentals
1. Which muscle is the primary hip extensor?
A. Iliopsoas
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Sartorius
D. Rectus femoris
Answer: B. Gluteus maximus
2. Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip flexion?
A. Iliopsoas
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Hamstrings
D. Gluteus medius
Answer: A. Iliopsoas
3. What plane primarily describes spinal flexion and extension?
A. Frontal
B. Transverse
C. Sagittal
D. Oblique
Answer: C. Sagittal
4. Hip abduction occurs primarily in which plane?
A. Sagittal
B. Frontal
,C. Transverse
D. Horizontal
Answer: B. Frontal
5. Which muscle is a major hip abductor?
A. Gluteus medius
B. Adductor magnus
C. Pectineus
D. Rectus femoris
Answer: A. Gluteus medius
6. Which muscle is commonly associated with hip adduction?
A. Gluteus medius
B. Adductor longus
C. Gluteus maximus
D. Tensor fasciae latae
Answer: B. Adductor longus
7. What action does the rectus abdominis primarily perform?
A. Spinal extension
B. Spinal flexion
C. Hip abduction
D. Shoulder elevation
Answer: B. Spinal flexion
8. Which abdominal muscle has fibers running primarily horizontally?
A. Rectus abdominis
B. External oblique
C. Internal oblique
D. Transversus abdominis
Answer: D. Transversus abdominis
,9. Which muscle contributes substantially to scapular upward
rotation?
A. Rhomboid major
B. Upper trapezius
C. Pectoralis minor
D. Levator scapulae
Answer: B. Upper trapezius
10. Which muscle is a major scapular protractor?
A. Serratus anterior
B. Rhomboid major
C. Middle trapezius
D. Posterior deltoid
Answer: A. Serratus anterior
11. Which muscle primarily extends the elbow?
A. Biceps brachii
B. Triceps brachii
C. Brachialis
D. Pronator teres
Answer: B. Triceps brachii
12. Which muscle primarily flexes the elbow?
A. Triceps
B. Biceps brachii
C. Anconeus
D. Supraspinatus
Answer: B. Biceps brachii
13. Which muscle is an important external rotator of the shoulder?
A. Subscapularis
, B. Infraspinatus
C. Pectoralis major
D. Latissimus dorsi
Answer: B. Infraspinatus
14. Which rotator cuff muscle primarily internally rotates the
humerus?
A. Subscapularis
B. Infraspinatus
C. Teres minor
D. Supraspinatus
Answer: A. Subscapularis
15. Which rotator cuff muscle initiates shoulder abduction?
A. Teres major
B. Supraspinatus
C. Subscapularis
D. Infraspinatus
Answer: B. Supraspinatus
16. What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
A. Elbow flexion
B. Respiration
C. Hip extension
D. Spinal rotation
Answer: B. Respiration
17. During inhalation, the diaphragm generally:
A. Ascends
B. Descends
C. Rotates the spine
Verified Questions with Correct Answers | Pilates Anatomy, Reformer
3 Programming, Sling Systems & Postural Alignment
Section 1: Pilates Anatomy & Movement Fundamentals
1. Which muscle is the primary hip extensor?
A. Iliopsoas
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Sartorius
D. Rectus femoris
Answer: B. Gluteus maximus
2. Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip flexion?
A. Iliopsoas
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Hamstrings
D. Gluteus medius
Answer: A. Iliopsoas
3. What plane primarily describes spinal flexion and extension?
A. Frontal
B. Transverse
C. Sagittal
D. Oblique
Answer: C. Sagittal
4. Hip abduction occurs primarily in which plane?
A. Sagittal
B. Frontal
,C. Transverse
D. Horizontal
Answer: B. Frontal
5. Which muscle is a major hip abductor?
A. Gluteus medius
B. Adductor magnus
C. Pectineus
D. Rectus femoris
Answer: A. Gluteus medius
6. Which muscle is commonly associated with hip adduction?
A. Gluteus medius
B. Adductor longus
C. Gluteus maximus
D. Tensor fasciae latae
Answer: B. Adductor longus
7. What action does the rectus abdominis primarily perform?
A. Spinal extension
B. Spinal flexion
C. Hip abduction
D. Shoulder elevation
Answer: B. Spinal flexion
8. Which abdominal muscle has fibers running primarily horizontally?
A. Rectus abdominis
B. External oblique
C. Internal oblique
D. Transversus abdominis
Answer: D. Transversus abdominis
,9. Which muscle contributes substantially to scapular upward
rotation?
A. Rhomboid major
B. Upper trapezius
C. Pectoralis minor
D. Levator scapulae
Answer: B. Upper trapezius
10. Which muscle is a major scapular protractor?
A. Serratus anterior
B. Rhomboid major
C. Middle trapezius
D. Posterior deltoid
Answer: A. Serratus anterior
11. Which muscle primarily extends the elbow?
A. Biceps brachii
B. Triceps brachii
C. Brachialis
D. Pronator teres
Answer: B. Triceps brachii
12. Which muscle primarily flexes the elbow?
A. Triceps
B. Biceps brachii
C. Anconeus
D. Supraspinatus
Answer: B. Biceps brachii
13. Which muscle is an important external rotator of the shoulder?
A. Subscapularis
, B. Infraspinatus
C. Pectoralis major
D. Latissimus dorsi
Answer: B. Infraspinatus
14. Which rotator cuff muscle primarily internally rotates the
humerus?
A. Subscapularis
B. Infraspinatus
C. Teres minor
D. Supraspinatus
Answer: A. Subscapularis
15. Which rotator cuff muscle initiates shoulder abduction?
A. Teres major
B. Supraspinatus
C. Subscapularis
D. Infraspinatus
Answer: B. Supraspinatus
16. What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
A. Elbow flexion
B. Respiration
C. Hip extension
D. Spinal rotation
Answer: B. Respiration
17. During inhalation, the diaphragm generally:
A. Ascends
B. Descends
C. Rotates the spine
