CAMBRIDGE B1 PRELIMINARY (PET)
UNIDAD 4. PRESENT PERFECT
El Present Perfect es un tiempo verbal muy importante en el nivel B1.
Se forma con:
HAVE / HAS + PARTICIPIO PASADO
Ejemplos:
I have visited London.
He visitado Londres.
She has finished her homework.
Ella ha terminado sus deberes.
They have seen that film.
Han visto esa película.
1. ¿QUÉ ES EL PARTICIPIO PASADO?
Para formar el Present Perfect necesitamos conocer el participio pasado del verbo. Tenemos dos
tipos de verbos:
• VERBOS REGULARES: Normalmente terminan en -ED.
Infinitivo Past Simple Participio
work worked worked
play played played
visit visited visited
watch watched watched
study studied studied
En los verbos regulares: PAST SIMPLE = PARTICIPIO
Por ejemplo: work → worked → worked
• VERBOS IRREGULARES: Tenemos que aprender su participio.
Infinitivo Past Simple Participio
go went gone
see saw seen
eat ate eaten
write wrote written
do did done
Por eso es muy importante aprender los verbos irregulares con sus tres formas.
,2. ¿CÓMO SE FORMA EL PRESENT PERFECT?
• AFIRMATIVA
Utilizamos: SUJETO + HAVE/HAS + PARTICIPIO
I / YOU / WE / THEY
→ HAVE
I have worked.
You have worked.
We have worked.
They have worked.
HE / SHE / IT
→ HAS
He has worked.
She has worked.
It has worked.
3. CONTRACCIONES
En inglés hablado y escrito informal es muy frecuente utilizar:
I have → I've
You have → You've
He has → He's
She has → She's
We have → We've
They have → They've
Ejemplos:
I've visited London.
She's finished her homework.
We've seen that film.
, 4. PRESENT PERFECT EN NEGATIVA
Utilizamos: HAVE NOT / HAS NOT + PARTICIPIO
Las contracciones son:
HAVE NOT → HAVEN'T
HAS NOT → HASN'T
Ejemplos:
I haven't finished. No he terminado.
She hasn't arrived. Ella no ha llegado.
They haven't seen the film. No han visto la película.
Peter hasn't done his homework. Peter no ha hecho sus deberes.
5. PRESENT PERFECT EN PREGUNTAS
Cambiamos el orden:
HAVE/HAS + SUJETO + PARTICIPIO?
Have you finished? ¿Has terminado?
Has she arrived? ¿Ha llegado ella?
Have they seen the film? ¿Han visto la película?
Has Peter done his homework? ¿Ha hecho Peter sus deberes?
6. RESPUESTAS CORTAS
Have you finished?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
Has she arrived?
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn't.
Have they been to London?
Yes, they have.
No, they haven't.
UNIDAD 4. PRESENT PERFECT
El Present Perfect es un tiempo verbal muy importante en el nivel B1.
Se forma con:
HAVE / HAS + PARTICIPIO PASADO
Ejemplos:
I have visited London.
He visitado Londres.
She has finished her homework.
Ella ha terminado sus deberes.
They have seen that film.
Han visto esa película.
1. ¿QUÉ ES EL PARTICIPIO PASADO?
Para formar el Present Perfect necesitamos conocer el participio pasado del verbo. Tenemos dos
tipos de verbos:
• VERBOS REGULARES: Normalmente terminan en -ED.
Infinitivo Past Simple Participio
work worked worked
play played played
visit visited visited
watch watched watched
study studied studied
En los verbos regulares: PAST SIMPLE = PARTICIPIO
Por ejemplo: work → worked → worked
• VERBOS IRREGULARES: Tenemos que aprender su participio.
Infinitivo Past Simple Participio
go went gone
see saw seen
eat ate eaten
write wrote written
do did done
Por eso es muy importante aprender los verbos irregulares con sus tres formas.
,2. ¿CÓMO SE FORMA EL PRESENT PERFECT?
• AFIRMATIVA
Utilizamos: SUJETO + HAVE/HAS + PARTICIPIO
I / YOU / WE / THEY
→ HAVE
I have worked.
You have worked.
We have worked.
They have worked.
HE / SHE / IT
→ HAS
He has worked.
She has worked.
It has worked.
3. CONTRACCIONES
En inglés hablado y escrito informal es muy frecuente utilizar:
I have → I've
You have → You've
He has → He's
She has → She's
We have → We've
They have → They've
Ejemplos:
I've visited London.
She's finished her homework.
We've seen that film.
, 4. PRESENT PERFECT EN NEGATIVA
Utilizamos: HAVE NOT / HAS NOT + PARTICIPIO
Las contracciones son:
HAVE NOT → HAVEN'T
HAS NOT → HASN'T
Ejemplos:
I haven't finished. No he terminado.
She hasn't arrived. Ella no ha llegado.
They haven't seen the film. No han visto la película.
Peter hasn't done his homework. Peter no ha hecho sus deberes.
5. PRESENT PERFECT EN PREGUNTAS
Cambiamos el orden:
HAVE/HAS + SUJETO + PARTICIPIO?
Have you finished? ¿Has terminado?
Has she arrived? ¿Ha llegado ella?
Have they seen the film? ¿Han visto la película?
Has Peter done his homework? ¿Ha hecho Peter sus deberes?
6. RESPUESTAS CORTAS
Have you finished?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
Has she arrived?
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn't.
Have they been to London?
Yes, they have.
No, they haven't.
