BIO 253 EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
VERIFIED 2027 EDITION
1. Anatomy
Structure
2. Physiology
Function
3. Level of organization in the body
- Atom - Molecule - Macromolecule - Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ system - Organism
4. Homeostasis
Maintenance of a stable internal environment
5. Negative feedback
- Most common in body - Effectors return conditions to normal - Shuts off when normal state is reached,
counters/corrects something - Long-lived - Think furnace thermostat - BP, glucose, temp, hormones
6. Positive feedback
- Change is intensified, keeps stimulating until homeostasis is reached - Can produce unstable conditions
in the beginning - Short-lived - Labor, blood clotting, sneezing
7. Axial skeleton
- Head, neck, trunk - Down the middle
8. Appendicular skeleton
- Limbs, girdles - Peripherals
9. Diaphragm
- Separates thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities - Smooth muscle - Breathing
10. Mediastinum
- Space between lungs - Houses heart
11. Serous membranes
- Line closed cavities - Visceral - Parietal
12. Visceral membranes
Cover organs
13. Parietal membranes
Line the cavities
14. Serous fluids
Separates membranes
15. Pleura
Lungs
16. Pericardium
Heart
1
, 17. Peritoneum
GI tract
18. Integumentary system
- Skin, hair, nails, glands - Produces Vitamin D - Sensory, protection, temp regulation
19. Skeletal system
- Bones - Support
20. Muscular system
- Muscles - Movement, posture, heat
21. Nervous system
- Neurotransmitters - Nerve impulses - Yellow - Fast transmission of messages - Short-lived
22. Endocrine system
- Chemical messengers called hormones - Slow transmission of messages - Long-lived
23. Cardiovascular system
- Heart, blood vessels - Transport
24. Lymph system
- Lymph, lymph nodes, spleen - Green - Defensive
25. Digestive system
- Break down food - Excrete wastes
26. Respiratory system
- Lungs - Gas exchange of O2 & CO2
27. Urinary system
- Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra - Removal of blood wastes - Regulates H2O, electrolytes, BP
28. Reproductive system
- Offspring - Transport of sex cells - Production of hormones
29. Anatomical position
To stand erect facing forward with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward with feet flat
on the floor
30. Anterior/Ventral
Front
31. Posterior/Dorsal
Back
32. Superior
Top
33. Inferior
Bottom
34. Medial
Middle
2
VERIFIED 2027 EDITION
1. Anatomy
Structure
2. Physiology
Function
3. Level of organization in the body
- Atom - Molecule - Macromolecule - Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ system - Organism
4. Homeostasis
Maintenance of a stable internal environment
5. Negative feedback
- Most common in body - Effectors return conditions to normal - Shuts off when normal state is reached,
counters/corrects something - Long-lived - Think furnace thermostat - BP, glucose, temp, hormones
6. Positive feedback
- Change is intensified, keeps stimulating until homeostasis is reached - Can produce unstable conditions
in the beginning - Short-lived - Labor, blood clotting, sneezing
7. Axial skeleton
- Head, neck, trunk - Down the middle
8. Appendicular skeleton
- Limbs, girdles - Peripherals
9. Diaphragm
- Separates thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities - Smooth muscle - Breathing
10. Mediastinum
- Space between lungs - Houses heart
11. Serous membranes
- Line closed cavities - Visceral - Parietal
12. Visceral membranes
Cover organs
13. Parietal membranes
Line the cavities
14. Serous fluids
Separates membranes
15. Pleura
Lungs
16. Pericardium
Heart
1
, 17. Peritoneum
GI tract
18. Integumentary system
- Skin, hair, nails, glands - Produces Vitamin D - Sensory, protection, temp regulation
19. Skeletal system
- Bones - Support
20. Muscular system
- Muscles - Movement, posture, heat
21. Nervous system
- Neurotransmitters - Nerve impulses - Yellow - Fast transmission of messages - Short-lived
22. Endocrine system
- Chemical messengers called hormones - Slow transmission of messages - Long-lived
23. Cardiovascular system
- Heart, blood vessels - Transport
24. Lymph system
- Lymph, lymph nodes, spleen - Green - Defensive
25. Digestive system
- Break down food - Excrete wastes
26. Respiratory system
- Lungs - Gas exchange of O2 & CO2
27. Urinary system
- Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra - Removal of blood wastes - Regulates H2O, electrolytes, BP
28. Reproductive system
- Offspring - Transport of sex cells - Production of hormones
29. Anatomical position
To stand erect facing forward with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward with feet flat
on the floor
30. Anterior/Ventral
Front
31. Posterior/Dorsal
Back
32. Superior
Top
33. Inferior
Bottom
34. Medial
Middle
2
