215 EXAM 3 (MOD 7(ch. 24), MOD 8(ch. 33&36), MOD 9(ch. 23), MOD 10(ch.31))
MOD 7- Nutrition
● Nutrition: study of food- how it affects the human body and health
● Metabolism: process by which the body converts food into energy
● Macronutrients: supplies the body with energy
● Micronutrients: repair and maintain cells, regulates body functions (ex: vitamins
and minerals)
● Anabolism: formation of larger molecules from smaller ones (ex: amino acid
chain join together to form proteins)
● Catabolism: breakdown of larger molecules into smaller components (releases
energy)
Types of nutrients
Nutrients Sources Requirements
Carbohydrates Simple: monosaccharides & disaccharides Requirements for
(sugar) healthy adults is
45%-65% of calories
(130 grams/day)
Primary source of
energy
Complex sugars are
the better
carbohydrate
(healthier)
Complex: polysaccharides
**MUST be aware of
diabetics
,Proteins Complete: has all essential amino acids Requirements for
adult diet should
include 10%-35%
(0.8 g/kg of body
weight) (46-56
grams/day for an
“average” person.
Protein depends on
age, body size,
Incomplete: does not have all essential aminopregnancy
acids
Helps build tissue
**MUST be aware of
renal patients
Can cause people to
experience brittle
hair if not getting
enough protein
Fats Monounsaturated: ↓LDL ↑HDL Healthy adults
should get 20%-35%
in their diet.
American Heart
Association
recommends that
people obtain less
than 30% of their
calories from fat.
5%-6% of calories
comes from
saturated and limited
trans-fat.
, Polysaturated: ↓ LDL ↑ HDL
HDL: good
cholesterol, greeted
than 40-60 mg/dL
(H for happy “good”
cholesterol)
LDL: bad cholesterol,
less than 100 mg/dL
(L for lame “bad”
cholesterol)
Saturated: ↑LDL ↑HDL Triglycerides: less
than 150 mg/dL
(diabetics can run
high because they
eat more simple
sugars)~ taking
omega 3 can
decrease this
Total cholesterol:
less than 200 mg/dL.
Fats facilitate
absorption
Low omega 3 can
cause memory loss
Trans-fats: ↑↑↑LDL (VERY bad)
MOD 7- Nutrition
● Nutrition: study of food- how it affects the human body and health
● Metabolism: process by which the body converts food into energy
● Macronutrients: supplies the body with energy
● Micronutrients: repair and maintain cells, regulates body functions (ex: vitamins
and minerals)
● Anabolism: formation of larger molecules from smaller ones (ex: amino acid
chain join together to form proteins)
● Catabolism: breakdown of larger molecules into smaller components (releases
energy)
Types of nutrients
Nutrients Sources Requirements
Carbohydrates Simple: monosaccharides & disaccharides Requirements for
(sugar) healthy adults is
45%-65% of calories
(130 grams/day)
Primary source of
energy
Complex sugars are
the better
carbohydrate
(healthier)
Complex: polysaccharides
**MUST be aware of
diabetics
,Proteins Complete: has all essential amino acids Requirements for
adult diet should
include 10%-35%
(0.8 g/kg of body
weight) (46-56
grams/day for an
“average” person.
Protein depends on
age, body size,
Incomplete: does not have all essential aminopregnancy
acids
Helps build tissue
**MUST be aware of
renal patients
Can cause people to
experience brittle
hair if not getting
enough protein
Fats Monounsaturated: ↓LDL ↑HDL Healthy adults
should get 20%-35%
in their diet.
American Heart
Association
recommends that
people obtain less
than 30% of their
calories from fat.
5%-6% of calories
comes from
saturated and limited
trans-fat.
, Polysaturated: ↓ LDL ↑ HDL
HDL: good
cholesterol, greeted
than 40-60 mg/dL
(H for happy “good”
cholesterol)
LDL: bad cholesterol,
less than 100 mg/dL
(L for lame “bad”
cholesterol)
Saturated: ↑LDL ↑HDL Triglycerides: less
than 150 mg/dL
(diabetics can run
high because they
eat more simple
sugars)~ taking
omega 3 can
decrease this
Total cholesterol:
less than 200 mg/dL.
Fats facilitate
absorption
Low omega 3 can
cause memory loss
Trans-fats: ↑↑↑LDL (VERY bad)
