NUR 312 Exams Sample Questions & Answers
Caused of increased ICP in brain cancer
abnormal cell growth in the brain that can metastasize; tumor edema, obstructed CSF
Early neurological changes
headache, confusion, restlessness, N/V
Late neurological changes
decreased LOC, pupillary changes, cushing's triad
Herniation s/s
fixed/dilated pupils, abnormal posturing, sudden LOC changes, respiratory changes such as
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Expected brain tumor related s/s
dysphagia, dysarthria, positive Romberg/Babinski, vertigo, hemiparesis
Priority assessments in neurological decline
LOC, pupils, motor response
What are two complications of brain tumors to monitor for?
Seizures and increased ICP
How to protect the airway in those with brain tumors
Monitor O2 levels and lung sounds
Medications for symptom control in brain cancer
, -Steroids: reduce inflammation, must be tapered, hyperglycemia risk
-Osmotic diuretics: to decrease pressure
-Anticonvulsants: to control or prevent seizure activity; take as prescribed
Red flag symptoms of lung cancer
Hemoptysis, chronic cough, dyspnea, chest pain, hoarseness, signs of hypoxia
Airway clearance strategies
High fowlers, coughing, deep breathing
What is the purpose of an incentive spirometer?
promote lung expansion and to rid of secretions
What assessments analyze oxygenation?
SPO2, ABGs, respiratory assessment
What is a major risk factor for lung cancer?
smoking
What nerves may be compressed in lung cancer?
-Recurrent laryngeal nerve: causes hoarseness and voice changes, leads to vocal cord paralysis
-Brachial plexus: arm/shoulder pain
-Sympathetic chain: Horner's syndrome, eyelid drooping (ptosis), constricted pupil, absence of
sweat on one side of the face
Colorectal cancer diagnostic tools
Caused of increased ICP in brain cancer
abnormal cell growth in the brain that can metastasize; tumor edema, obstructed CSF
Early neurological changes
headache, confusion, restlessness, N/V
Late neurological changes
decreased LOC, pupillary changes, cushing's triad
Herniation s/s
fixed/dilated pupils, abnormal posturing, sudden LOC changes, respiratory changes such as
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Expected brain tumor related s/s
dysphagia, dysarthria, positive Romberg/Babinski, vertigo, hemiparesis
Priority assessments in neurological decline
LOC, pupils, motor response
What are two complications of brain tumors to monitor for?
Seizures and increased ICP
How to protect the airway in those with brain tumors
Monitor O2 levels and lung sounds
Medications for symptom control in brain cancer
, -Steroids: reduce inflammation, must be tapered, hyperglycemia risk
-Osmotic diuretics: to decrease pressure
-Anticonvulsants: to control or prevent seizure activity; take as prescribed
Red flag symptoms of lung cancer
Hemoptysis, chronic cough, dyspnea, chest pain, hoarseness, signs of hypoxia
Airway clearance strategies
High fowlers, coughing, deep breathing
What is the purpose of an incentive spirometer?
promote lung expansion and to rid of secretions
What assessments analyze oxygenation?
SPO2, ABGs, respiratory assessment
What is a major risk factor for lung cancer?
smoking
What nerves may be compressed in lung cancer?
-Recurrent laryngeal nerve: causes hoarseness and voice changes, leads to vocal cord paralysis
-Brachial plexus: arm/shoulder pain
-Sympathetic chain: Horner's syndrome, eyelid drooping (ptosis), constricted pupil, absence of
sweat on one side of the face
Colorectal cancer diagnostic tools
