NUR 220 (OB- Test 7) Study Notes Questions with Correct Answers
(Grade A+)
Question 1: Intracellular fluid
Answer: Fluid contained within the cells of the body
Question 2: Extracellular fluid
Answer: Fluid contained outside the cells of the body
Question 3: The nurse knows that an increase in fluids would be required for a patient who experiences
what conditions?
Answer: 1. Fever 2. Vomiting/diarrhea 3. High-output kidney failure 4. Diabetes insipidus 5. Diabetic
ketoacidosis 6. Burns 7. Shock 8. Tachypnea 9. Radiant warmer (preterm infants) 10. Phototherapy (infants)
11. Post-op bowel surgery
Question 4: The nurse knows that a decrease in fluids would be required for a patient who experiences
what conditions?
Answer: 1. Heart failure 2. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 3. Mechanical
ventilation 4. After surgery 5. Oliguric renal failure 6. Increased intracranial pressure
Question 5: Dehydration
Answer: A serious reduction in the body's water content
Question 6: Isotonic dehydration
Answer: Loss of fluid and electrolytes are EQUAL
Question 7: What type of dehydration is the primary form in children?
Answer: Isotonic dehydration
Question 8: A child with isotonic dehydration show symptoms that are characteristics of:
Answer: Hypovolemic shock
Question 9: Hypotonic dehydration
Answer: Electrolyte loss EXCEEDS water loss
Page 1
,Question 10: Hypertonic dehydration
Answer: Water loss EXCEEDS electrolyte loss
Question 11: What type of dehydration is the most dangerous and requires more specific fluid therapy?
Answer: Hypertonic dehydration
Question 12: What is the most important determinant of the percent of total body fluid loss in infants
and younger children?
Answer: Weight
Question 13: What is the earliest detectable sign of dehydration in infants and younger children?
Answer: Tachycardia
Question 14: What are some predictors of fluid loss in infants and younger children?
Answer: 1. Change in LOC (level of consciousness) 2. Altered response to stimuli 3. Prolonged capillary
refill 4. Tachycardia 5. Dry skin and mucous membranes 6. Sunken fontanels 7. Cool and mottling
extremities 8. Loss of skin elasticity
Question 15: What two fluids would be considered an Isotonic solution used to treat dehydration?
Answer: 1. 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) 2. Lactated Ringer's solution
Question 16: An important nursing responsibility during nursing observation and intervention for
therapeutic management of dehydration is:
Answer: Observing for early signs of dehydration
Question 17: What areas of the body would the nurse pinch to assess the capillary filling time on an
infant or child?
Answer: 1. Abdomen 2. Chest 3. Arm 4. Leg
Question 18: A capillary filling time of less than 2 seconds would indicate what type of dehydration?
Answer: Mild dehydration
Question 19: A capillary filling time of more than 4 seconds would indicate what type of dehydration?
Answer: Severe dehydration
Page 2
, Question 20: Edema
Answer: Swelling
Question 21: Peripheral edema
Answer: Swelling in the limbs, particularly the feet and ankles, due to an accumulation of interstitial fluid
Question 22: Ascities
Answer: Accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity
Question 23: Pulmonary edema
Answer: Accumulation of fluid in the lungs
Question 24: Generalized edema usually consist of swelling where?
Answer: 1. Extremities 2. Face 3. Perineum 4. Torso
Question 25: Diarrhea
Answer: Frequent passage of loose, watery stools
Question 26: What type of infectious agent is the most common cause of diarrhea in children younger
than 5 years old?
Answer: Rotavirus
Question 27: What age patient is most vulnerable because of rotavirus that causes diarrhea?
Answer: Infants (6 months to 12 months)
Question 28: Although this infectious agent that causes diarrhea affects all ages it is usually milder in
children older than 3 years of age. What viral agent is this?
Answer: Rotavirus
Question 29: The viral agent Rotavirus has the greatest risk of complications in what type of children?
Answer: Immunocompromised
Question 30: The viral agent Rotavirus peaks in occurrences when?
Answer: Winter months
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(Grade A+)
Question 1: Intracellular fluid
Answer: Fluid contained within the cells of the body
Question 2: Extracellular fluid
Answer: Fluid contained outside the cells of the body
Question 3: The nurse knows that an increase in fluids would be required for a patient who experiences
what conditions?
Answer: 1. Fever 2. Vomiting/diarrhea 3. High-output kidney failure 4. Diabetes insipidus 5. Diabetic
ketoacidosis 6. Burns 7. Shock 8. Tachypnea 9. Radiant warmer (preterm infants) 10. Phototherapy (infants)
11. Post-op bowel surgery
Question 4: The nurse knows that a decrease in fluids would be required for a patient who experiences
what conditions?
Answer: 1. Heart failure 2. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 3. Mechanical
ventilation 4. After surgery 5. Oliguric renal failure 6. Increased intracranial pressure
Question 5: Dehydration
Answer: A serious reduction in the body's water content
Question 6: Isotonic dehydration
Answer: Loss of fluid and electrolytes are EQUAL
Question 7: What type of dehydration is the primary form in children?
Answer: Isotonic dehydration
Question 8: A child with isotonic dehydration show symptoms that are characteristics of:
Answer: Hypovolemic shock
Question 9: Hypotonic dehydration
Answer: Electrolyte loss EXCEEDS water loss
Page 1
,Question 10: Hypertonic dehydration
Answer: Water loss EXCEEDS electrolyte loss
Question 11: What type of dehydration is the most dangerous and requires more specific fluid therapy?
Answer: Hypertonic dehydration
Question 12: What is the most important determinant of the percent of total body fluid loss in infants
and younger children?
Answer: Weight
Question 13: What is the earliest detectable sign of dehydration in infants and younger children?
Answer: Tachycardia
Question 14: What are some predictors of fluid loss in infants and younger children?
Answer: 1. Change in LOC (level of consciousness) 2. Altered response to stimuli 3. Prolonged capillary
refill 4. Tachycardia 5. Dry skin and mucous membranes 6. Sunken fontanels 7. Cool and mottling
extremities 8. Loss of skin elasticity
Question 15: What two fluids would be considered an Isotonic solution used to treat dehydration?
Answer: 1. 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) 2. Lactated Ringer's solution
Question 16: An important nursing responsibility during nursing observation and intervention for
therapeutic management of dehydration is:
Answer: Observing for early signs of dehydration
Question 17: What areas of the body would the nurse pinch to assess the capillary filling time on an
infant or child?
Answer: 1. Abdomen 2. Chest 3. Arm 4. Leg
Question 18: A capillary filling time of less than 2 seconds would indicate what type of dehydration?
Answer: Mild dehydration
Question 19: A capillary filling time of more than 4 seconds would indicate what type of dehydration?
Answer: Severe dehydration
Page 2
, Question 20: Edema
Answer: Swelling
Question 21: Peripheral edema
Answer: Swelling in the limbs, particularly the feet and ankles, due to an accumulation of interstitial fluid
Question 22: Ascities
Answer: Accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity
Question 23: Pulmonary edema
Answer: Accumulation of fluid in the lungs
Question 24: Generalized edema usually consist of swelling where?
Answer: 1. Extremities 2. Face 3. Perineum 4. Torso
Question 25: Diarrhea
Answer: Frequent passage of loose, watery stools
Question 26: What type of infectious agent is the most common cause of diarrhea in children younger
than 5 years old?
Answer: Rotavirus
Question 27: What age patient is most vulnerable because of rotavirus that causes diarrhea?
Answer: Infants (6 months to 12 months)
Question 28: Although this infectious agent that causes diarrhea affects all ages it is usually milder in
children older than 3 years of age. What viral agent is this?
Answer: Rotavirus
Question 29: The viral agent Rotavirus has the greatest risk of complications in what type of children?
Answer: Immunocompromised
Question 30: The viral agent Rotavirus peaks in occurrences when?
Answer: Winter months
Page 3
