NUR 220 (OB - Test 8) Questions with Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: A shorter urethra increases the risk for what?
Answer: UTI (Bacterial Infection)
Question 2: What is the length of the urethra in young girls?
Answer: 2 cm (0.75 inches)
Question 3: What is the length of the urethra in mature women?
Answer: 4 cm (1.6 inches)
Question 4: Considerable evidence shows significant reduction in the risk for UTIs in the first year of
life in what type of male infants?
Answer: Circumcised
Question 5: T/F: The health benefits of circumcision outweighs the risk and the benefits of the
procedure
Answer: TRUE
Question 6: What is the single most important host factor influencing the occurrence of UTIs?
Answer: Urinary stasis
Question 7: What are the 2 most accurate tests that look for bacterial content in the urine?
Answer: 1. Suprapubic aspiration 2. Bladder catheterization
Question 8: What diagnostic test would be used to look for bacterial content in urine of a child/infant
younger than 2 years old?
Answer: Suprapubic aspiration
Question 9: What are the 4 objectives of treatment of children with UTIs?
Answer: 1. Eliminate current infection 2. Identify contributing factors to reduce the risk for recurrence 3.
Prevent systemic spread of the infection 4. Preserve renal function
Page 1
,Question 10: What type of therapy should be initiated on the basis of identification of the pathogen, the
child's history of antibiotic use, and the location of the infection in a child with a UTI?
Answer: Antibiotic therapy
Question 11: What are the clinical manifestations of urinary tract disorders or diseases in infants
during the neonatal period (birth to 1 month)?
Answer: 1. Poor feeding 2. Vomiting 3. Failure to gain weight 4. Tachypnea (Rapid respirations) 5.
Spontaneous pneumothorax 6. Respiratory distress 7. Polyuria (Frequent urination) 8. Dysuria (Painful
urination -> screaming/crying) 9. Oliguria (Poor urine output/stream) 10. Jaundice 11. Seizures 12.
Dehydration 13. Enlarged kidneys or bladder
Question 12: What are the clinical manifestations of urinary tract disorders or diseases in infants
during the infancy period (1 month to 24 months)?
Answer: 1. Poor feeding 2. Vomiting 3. Failure to gain weight 4. Polydipsia (Excessive thirst) 5. Polyuria
(Frequent urination) 6. Dysuria (Painful urination -> screaming/crying) 7. Foul-smelling urine 8. Pallor
(Paleness of skin) 9. Fever 10. Persistent diaper rash 11. Seizures (with or without fever) 12. Dehydration
13. Enlarged kidneys or bladder
Question 13: What are the clinical manifestations of urinary tract disorders or diseases in infants
during the childhood period (2 to 14 years old)?
Answer: 1. Poor appetite 2. Vomiting 3. Growth failure 4. Polydipsia (Excessive thirst) 5.
Enuresis/Incontinence/Polyuria 6. Dysuria (Painful urination) 7. Swelling of the face 8. Seizures 9. Fatigue
10. Hematuria (Blood in urine) 11. Abdominal or back pain 12. Edema 13. Hypertension 14. Tetany
(Muscle spasms)
Question 14: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Answer: The backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder
Question 15: Primary reflux (vesicoureteral reflux)
Answer: Backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder due to a congenital abnormality of the
insertion of the ureters into the bladder
Question 16: Secondary reflux (vesicoureteral reflux)
Answer: Backward flow of the urine into the ureters from the bladder as a result of an acquired condition
Question 17: Surgical management of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) corrects what?
Answer: The anatomy at the insertion of the refluxing ureter into the bladder by the use of open or
laparoscopic and robotic techniques or endoscopic correction
Page 2
, Question 18: Surgical intervention of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is indicated in patient who are
unlikely to resolve their VUR and are at risk for what issues?
Answer: Renal scarring
Question 19: The nurse should instruct and education the parents to observe for signs and symptoms of
what genitourinary issuse?
Answer: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Question 20: What is the most important goal in both primary and recurrent UTIs?
Answer: Prevention
Question 21: A preventive measure for UTIs in children are as simple as what?
Answer: Hygienic habits that should be a routine part of daily care
Question 22: What are some factors the predispose a patient to developing a UTI?
Answer: 1. Short female urethra close to vagina and anus 2. Incomplete emptying and overdistention of
bladder 3. Concentrated urine 4. Constipation
Question 23: What are some measures used to prevention UTIs?
Answer: 1. Practice perineal hygiene (wipe front to back) 2. Avoid tight clothing or diapers (wear cotton
panties) 3. Avoid "holding" urine (void frequently) 4. Take time to empty bladder completely 5. Avoid
constipation 6. Encourage adequate fluid intake
Question 24: Enuresis (Bedwetting)
Answer: Intentional or involuntary passage of urine into the bed (usually at night) in children who are
beyond the age when voluntary bladder control should normally have been acquired
Question 25: Enuresis (Bedwetting) is often seen more in what sex child?
Answer: Boys
Question 26: It is important for the nurse to do what during care management of enuresis
(Bedwetting)?
Answer: Help botht he children and parents understand the problem, the treatment plan, and the difficulties
they may encounter in the treatment process
Page 3
Question 1: A shorter urethra increases the risk for what?
Answer: UTI (Bacterial Infection)
Question 2: What is the length of the urethra in young girls?
Answer: 2 cm (0.75 inches)
Question 3: What is the length of the urethra in mature women?
Answer: 4 cm (1.6 inches)
Question 4: Considerable evidence shows significant reduction in the risk for UTIs in the first year of
life in what type of male infants?
Answer: Circumcised
Question 5: T/F: The health benefits of circumcision outweighs the risk and the benefits of the
procedure
Answer: TRUE
Question 6: What is the single most important host factor influencing the occurrence of UTIs?
Answer: Urinary stasis
Question 7: What are the 2 most accurate tests that look for bacterial content in the urine?
Answer: 1. Suprapubic aspiration 2. Bladder catheterization
Question 8: What diagnostic test would be used to look for bacterial content in urine of a child/infant
younger than 2 years old?
Answer: Suprapubic aspiration
Question 9: What are the 4 objectives of treatment of children with UTIs?
Answer: 1. Eliminate current infection 2. Identify contributing factors to reduce the risk for recurrence 3.
Prevent systemic spread of the infection 4. Preserve renal function
Page 1
,Question 10: What type of therapy should be initiated on the basis of identification of the pathogen, the
child's history of antibiotic use, and the location of the infection in a child with a UTI?
Answer: Antibiotic therapy
Question 11: What are the clinical manifestations of urinary tract disorders or diseases in infants
during the neonatal period (birth to 1 month)?
Answer: 1. Poor feeding 2. Vomiting 3. Failure to gain weight 4. Tachypnea (Rapid respirations) 5.
Spontaneous pneumothorax 6. Respiratory distress 7. Polyuria (Frequent urination) 8. Dysuria (Painful
urination -> screaming/crying) 9. Oliguria (Poor urine output/stream) 10. Jaundice 11. Seizures 12.
Dehydration 13. Enlarged kidneys or bladder
Question 12: What are the clinical manifestations of urinary tract disorders or diseases in infants
during the infancy period (1 month to 24 months)?
Answer: 1. Poor feeding 2. Vomiting 3. Failure to gain weight 4. Polydipsia (Excessive thirst) 5. Polyuria
(Frequent urination) 6. Dysuria (Painful urination -> screaming/crying) 7. Foul-smelling urine 8. Pallor
(Paleness of skin) 9. Fever 10. Persistent diaper rash 11. Seizures (with or without fever) 12. Dehydration
13. Enlarged kidneys or bladder
Question 13: What are the clinical manifestations of urinary tract disorders or diseases in infants
during the childhood period (2 to 14 years old)?
Answer: 1. Poor appetite 2. Vomiting 3. Growth failure 4. Polydipsia (Excessive thirst) 5.
Enuresis/Incontinence/Polyuria 6. Dysuria (Painful urination) 7. Swelling of the face 8. Seizures 9. Fatigue
10. Hematuria (Blood in urine) 11. Abdominal or back pain 12. Edema 13. Hypertension 14. Tetany
(Muscle spasms)
Question 14: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Answer: The backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder
Question 15: Primary reflux (vesicoureteral reflux)
Answer: Backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder due to a congenital abnormality of the
insertion of the ureters into the bladder
Question 16: Secondary reflux (vesicoureteral reflux)
Answer: Backward flow of the urine into the ureters from the bladder as a result of an acquired condition
Question 17: Surgical management of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) corrects what?
Answer: The anatomy at the insertion of the refluxing ureter into the bladder by the use of open or
laparoscopic and robotic techniques or endoscopic correction
Page 2
, Question 18: Surgical intervention of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is indicated in patient who are
unlikely to resolve their VUR and are at risk for what issues?
Answer: Renal scarring
Question 19: The nurse should instruct and education the parents to observe for signs and symptoms of
what genitourinary issuse?
Answer: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Question 20: What is the most important goal in both primary and recurrent UTIs?
Answer: Prevention
Question 21: A preventive measure for UTIs in children are as simple as what?
Answer: Hygienic habits that should be a routine part of daily care
Question 22: What are some factors the predispose a patient to developing a UTI?
Answer: 1. Short female urethra close to vagina and anus 2. Incomplete emptying and overdistention of
bladder 3. Concentrated urine 4. Constipation
Question 23: What are some measures used to prevention UTIs?
Answer: 1. Practice perineal hygiene (wipe front to back) 2. Avoid tight clothing or diapers (wear cotton
panties) 3. Avoid "holding" urine (void frequently) 4. Take time to empty bladder completely 5. Avoid
constipation 6. Encourage adequate fluid intake
Question 24: Enuresis (Bedwetting)
Answer: Intentional or involuntary passage of urine into the bed (usually at night) in children who are
beyond the age when voluntary bladder control should normally have been acquired
Question 25: Enuresis (Bedwetting) is often seen more in what sex child?
Answer: Boys
Question 26: It is important for the nurse to do what during care management of enuresis
(Bedwetting)?
Answer: Help botht he children and parents understand the problem, the treatment plan, and the difficulties
they may encounter in the treatment process
Page 3
