NUR 214 (Mental Health - Test 1) STUDY NOTES Questions with
Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: A CIWA score of LESS THAN 8 is consider to be what type of risk for alcohol withdrawal?
Answer: Low Risk
Question 2: A CIWA score of GREATER THAN 8 is consider to be what type of risk for alcohol
withdrawal?
Answer: Moderate Risk
Question 3: A CIWA score of 15 OR GREATER is consider to be what type of risk for alcohol
withdrawal?
Answer: High Risk
Question 4: The normal serum ethanol levels in the body are what?
Answer: 0 to 50 mg/dL
Question 5: The slowing of reflexes and impairment of visual activity typically occur when the serum
ethanol levels are between?
Answer: 50 to 100 mg/dL
Question 6: Central nervous system depression begins when the serum ethanol levels are greater than?
Answer: 100 mg/dL
Question 7: The serum ethanol levels are consider critical when they are above?
Answer: 300 mg/dL
Question 8: The serum ethanol levels are considered potentially fatal if they are greater than?
Answer: 400 mg/dL
Question 9: T/F: Chronic alcoholics can commonly have serum ethanol levels of greater than 300
mg/dL and begin showing signs of alcohol withdrawals even at these elevated levels
Answer: TRUE
Page 1
,Question 10: Addiction
Answer: Psychological or physical need for a substance or process to the extent that the individual will risk
negative consequences in an attempt to meet the need
Question 11: Substance-induced disorder
Answer: Actual process of becoming addicted to a substance
Question 12: What related conditions are related to substance-induced disorder?
Answer: 1. Intoxication 2. Withdrawal 3. Substance-medication-related mental disorders
Question 13: Dependence
Answer: Physiologic need for a substance that the patient cannot control that results in withdrawal
symptoms if stopped or withheld
Question 14: Tolerance
Answer: Requiring greater quantities of substances to achieve desired effects
Question 15: Abstience
Answer: Voluntarily going without drugs or alcohol
Question 16: Co-occurring disorders
Answer: Concurrent diagnosis of a substance use disorder and a psychiatric disorder; one disorder can
precede and cause the other, such as the theorized relationship between alcoholism and depression
Question 17: Codependence
Answer: A cluster of maladaptive behaviors exhibited by significant others of a substance-abusing
individual that serves to enable and protect the abuse at the expense of living a full and satisfying life
Question 18: Cross-tolerance
Answer: Tolerance to one drug conferring tolerance to another drug
Question 19: Detoxification
Answer: The process of helping an addicted individual safely through withdrawal; commonly referred to as
detox
Page 2
,Question 20: Dual diagnosis
Answer: The coexistence of substance abuse and psychiatric disorders within the same person
Question 21: Delirium tremens (DTs)
Answer: A medical emergency usually occurring 3-5 days following alcohol withdrawal and lasting 2-3
days; also known as alcohol withdrawal delirium
Question 22: What are the 8 characteristics of Delirium Tremens (DTs)?
Answer: 1. Paranoia 2. Disorientation 3. Delusions 4. Visual hallucinations 5. Elevated vital signs 6.
Vomiting 7. Diarrhea 8. Diaphoresis
Question 23: Korsakoff psychosis
Answer: Secondary dementia caused by Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency that may be associated with
chronic alcoholism
Question 24: What are the 4 characteristics of Korsakoff psychosis?
Answer: 1. Progressive cognitive deterioration 2. Confabulation (Made-up stories fill in any gaps in
memory) 3. Peripheral neuropathy 4. Myopathy (any disease that affects the muscles that control voluntary
movement in the body)
Question 25: Physical dependence
Answer: A state in which the body relies on a given drug in order to function
Question 26: Polysubstance abuse
Answer: The simultaneous use of many substances
Question 27: Psychologic dependence
Answer: An intense, subjective need for a particular psychoactive drug
Question 28: Sobreity
Answer: The state of habitually refraining from using alcohol or drugs
Question 29: Wernicke encephalopathy
Answer: Neurologic symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after
exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, especially Thiamine (vitamin B1)
Page 3
, Question 30: What are symptoms are often seen with Wernicke encephalopathy?
Answer: 1. Ophthalmoplegia (abnormal eye movements) 2. Ataxia (impaired coordination) 3. Confusion
Question 31: Withdrawal syndrome
Answer: a constellation of signs and symptoms that occurs in physically dependent individuals when they
discontinue drug use
Question 32: Enabling behaviors
Answer: Behaviors that a codependent person will do to cover for, support, and enable an
alcoholic/substance abuser to continue to drink or abuse substances
Question 33: What 4 factors are included in Engel's biopsychosocial model?
Answer: 1. Biological 2. Genetic 3. Psychological 4. Sociocultural
Question 34: Abuse that last for more than a few weeks increase a client's risk for what 2 things?
Answer: 1. Comorbid illness 2. Family complications
Question 35: Medical illnesses can be promoted or exacerbated by:
Answer: Neglect of health often seen in substance abuse and addiction
Question 36: Immunity as it relates to comorbidities is often comprised by:
Answer: 1. Malnutrition 2. Poor hygiene 3. Risky behaviors
Question 37: T/F: Depression associated with addiction is the same with diagnosable mental illness
Answer: FALSE **it is DIFFERENT**
Question 38: What are 2 examples of enabling behavior with addicition?
Answer: 1. Family members making excuses to employers or teachers 2. Discontinuing their own social
relationships with friends or neighbors in order to preserve the "healthy image" of the family in the
community
Question 39: What are some effects of addiction on families?
Answer: 1. Social isolation of family members 2. Defensive coping mechanisms 3. Interference with normal
daily activities 4. Secrecy and shame 5. Enabling behaviors 6. Poor communication within and outside
family system
Page 4
Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: A CIWA score of LESS THAN 8 is consider to be what type of risk for alcohol withdrawal?
Answer: Low Risk
Question 2: A CIWA score of GREATER THAN 8 is consider to be what type of risk for alcohol
withdrawal?
Answer: Moderate Risk
Question 3: A CIWA score of 15 OR GREATER is consider to be what type of risk for alcohol
withdrawal?
Answer: High Risk
Question 4: The normal serum ethanol levels in the body are what?
Answer: 0 to 50 mg/dL
Question 5: The slowing of reflexes and impairment of visual activity typically occur when the serum
ethanol levels are between?
Answer: 50 to 100 mg/dL
Question 6: Central nervous system depression begins when the serum ethanol levels are greater than?
Answer: 100 mg/dL
Question 7: The serum ethanol levels are consider critical when they are above?
Answer: 300 mg/dL
Question 8: The serum ethanol levels are considered potentially fatal if they are greater than?
Answer: 400 mg/dL
Question 9: T/F: Chronic alcoholics can commonly have serum ethanol levels of greater than 300
mg/dL and begin showing signs of alcohol withdrawals even at these elevated levels
Answer: TRUE
Page 1
,Question 10: Addiction
Answer: Psychological or physical need for a substance or process to the extent that the individual will risk
negative consequences in an attempt to meet the need
Question 11: Substance-induced disorder
Answer: Actual process of becoming addicted to a substance
Question 12: What related conditions are related to substance-induced disorder?
Answer: 1. Intoxication 2. Withdrawal 3. Substance-medication-related mental disorders
Question 13: Dependence
Answer: Physiologic need for a substance that the patient cannot control that results in withdrawal
symptoms if stopped or withheld
Question 14: Tolerance
Answer: Requiring greater quantities of substances to achieve desired effects
Question 15: Abstience
Answer: Voluntarily going without drugs or alcohol
Question 16: Co-occurring disorders
Answer: Concurrent diagnosis of a substance use disorder and a psychiatric disorder; one disorder can
precede and cause the other, such as the theorized relationship between alcoholism and depression
Question 17: Codependence
Answer: A cluster of maladaptive behaviors exhibited by significant others of a substance-abusing
individual that serves to enable and protect the abuse at the expense of living a full and satisfying life
Question 18: Cross-tolerance
Answer: Tolerance to one drug conferring tolerance to another drug
Question 19: Detoxification
Answer: The process of helping an addicted individual safely through withdrawal; commonly referred to as
detox
Page 2
,Question 20: Dual diagnosis
Answer: The coexistence of substance abuse and psychiatric disorders within the same person
Question 21: Delirium tremens (DTs)
Answer: A medical emergency usually occurring 3-5 days following alcohol withdrawal and lasting 2-3
days; also known as alcohol withdrawal delirium
Question 22: What are the 8 characteristics of Delirium Tremens (DTs)?
Answer: 1. Paranoia 2. Disorientation 3. Delusions 4. Visual hallucinations 5. Elevated vital signs 6.
Vomiting 7. Diarrhea 8. Diaphoresis
Question 23: Korsakoff psychosis
Answer: Secondary dementia caused by Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency that may be associated with
chronic alcoholism
Question 24: What are the 4 characteristics of Korsakoff psychosis?
Answer: 1. Progressive cognitive deterioration 2. Confabulation (Made-up stories fill in any gaps in
memory) 3. Peripheral neuropathy 4. Myopathy (any disease that affects the muscles that control voluntary
movement in the body)
Question 25: Physical dependence
Answer: A state in which the body relies on a given drug in order to function
Question 26: Polysubstance abuse
Answer: The simultaneous use of many substances
Question 27: Psychologic dependence
Answer: An intense, subjective need for a particular psychoactive drug
Question 28: Sobreity
Answer: The state of habitually refraining from using alcohol or drugs
Question 29: Wernicke encephalopathy
Answer: Neurologic symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after
exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, especially Thiamine (vitamin B1)
Page 3
, Question 30: What are symptoms are often seen with Wernicke encephalopathy?
Answer: 1. Ophthalmoplegia (abnormal eye movements) 2. Ataxia (impaired coordination) 3. Confusion
Question 31: Withdrawal syndrome
Answer: a constellation of signs and symptoms that occurs in physically dependent individuals when they
discontinue drug use
Question 32: Enabling behaviors
Answer: Behaviors that a codependent person will do to cover for, support, and enable an
alcoholic/substance abuser to continue to drink or abuse substances
Question 33: What 4 factors are included in Engel's biopsychosocial model?
Answer: 1. Biological 2. Genetic 3. Psychological 4. Sociocultural
Question 34: Abuse that last for more than a few weeks increase a client's risk for what 2 things?
Answer: 1. Comorbid illness 2. Family complications
Question 35: Medical illnesses can be promoted or exacerbated by:
Answer: Neglect of health often seen in substance abuse and addiction
Question 36: Immunity as it relates to comorbidities is often comprised by:
Answer: 1. Malnutrition 2. Poor hygiene 3. Risky behaviors
Question 37: T/F: Depression associated with addiction is the same with diagnosable mental illness
Answer: FALSE **it is DIFFERENT**
Question 38: What are 2 examples of enabling behavior with addicition?
Answer: 1. Family members making excuses to employers or teachers 2. Discontinuing their own social
relationships with friends or neighbors in order to preserve the "healthy image" of the family in the
community
Question 39: What are some effects of addiction on families?
Answer: 1. Social isolation of family members 2. Defensive coping mechanisms 3. Interference with normal
daily activities 4. Secrecy and shame 5. Enabling behaviors 6. Poor communication within and outside
family system
Page 4
