low self-concept clarity
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(aka self-concept confusion) is essentially not having firm knowledge of
who we are (depression prone, more neurotic)
social psychology is empirically based, meaning.....
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that theories and ideas are based on real-world observations
(facial expressions) decode
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interpret emotions
correlations can range from
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-1 to +1
2 limitations of correlations
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1. correlation does not equal causation
2. correlations can sometimes be explained by third (extraneous) variables
The Implicit Association Test (IAT)
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categorizing judgements of words or images, relies on cognitive
interferences from suppressing "incorrect" responses. measures the
associations between concepts and positive or negative valence, strength
of unconscious stereotypes, implicit self-esteem
,The Yale Attitude Change Approach (1950s)
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suggests that whether people change their attitudes is a question of "who
said what to whom"
embodied cognition
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the process by which bodily sensations activate mental structures such as
schemas
defensive self-esteem
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high explicit + low implicit (fragile, vulnerable to threat, essentially
narcissism)
justifying dissonance
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, experiencing distress and motivation to reduce the stress is partly a matter
of attributions (external + internal justification)
affectively-based attitudes
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do not result from rational examination of issues (not governed by logic)
limited utility (introspection)
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sometimes people are not consciously aware of the reason for their
thoughts, feelings, and behavior
hypocrisy induction
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the arousal of dissonance by having individuals make statements that run
counter to their behaviors and then reminding them of the inconsistency
between what they are saying and their actual behavior
correlational method
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(aka self-concept confusion) is essentially not having firm knowledge of
who we are (depression prone, more neurotic)
social psychology is empirically based, meaning.....
Give this one a try later!
that theories and ideas are based on real-world observations
(facial expressions) decode
,Give this one a try later!
interpret emotions
correlations can range from
Give this one a try later!
-1 to +1
2 limitations of correlations
Give this one a try later!
1. correlation does not equal causation
2. correlations can sometimes be explained by third (extraneous) variables
The Implicit Association Test (IAT)
Give this one a try later!
categorizing judgements of words or images, relies on cognitive
interferences from suppressing "incorrect" responses. measures the
associations between concepts and positive or negative valence, strength
of unconscious stereotypes, implicit self-esteem
,The Yale Attitude Change Approach (1950s)
Give this one a try later!
suggests that whether people change their attitudes is a question of "who
said what to whom"
embodied cognition
Give this one a try later!
the process by which bodily sensations activate mental structures such as
schemas
defensive self-esteem
Give this one a try later!
high explicit + low implicit (fragile, vulnerable to threat, essentially
narcissism)
justifying dissonance
Give this one a try later!
, experiencing distress and motivation to reduce the stress is partly a matter
of attributions (external + internal justification)
affectively-based attitudes
Give this one a try later!
do not result from rational examination of issues (not governed by logic)
limited utility (introspection)
Give this one a try later!
sometimes people are not consciously aware of the reason for their
thoughts, feelings, and behavior
hypocrisy induction
Give this one a try later!
the arousal of dissonance by having individuals make statements that run
counter to their behaviors and then reminding them of the inconsistency
between what they are saying and their actual behavior
correlational method
