Air Methods Critical Care exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9iy5wd
1. What is the most reliable method of confirming and montioring correct
placement of an ET tube?: Continuous waveform capnography
2. The upper airway consists of...: Nose, Mouth, Jaw, Oral Cavity, Pharynx, and Larynx
3. No gas exchange occurs here __________, it's called ____________.: Nose to terminal
bronchioles, anatomical dead space. (2ml/kg of inspired tidal volume) They conduct airflow towards gas exchange
units.
4. Crycothyroid membrane: between thyroid and cricoid, avascular structure that connects the thyroid
and cricoid cartilage. Site of CRiCOTHYROTOMY- an emergency opening of the airway.
5. A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates:
A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis.: C. Respiratory acidosis
6. PaCO2 normal range: 35-45 mm Hg Less than 35 likely means hyperventilation
7. Tracheal deviation AWAY from the affected side, decreased breath sounds,
and hyperresonance... What's happening?: Tension pneumothorax
8. In a tension pneumothorax tracheal deviation goes in what direction?: AWAY
from affected side.
9. Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure: 10-20 mmHg
10. Pulmonary hypertension is a mean PA pressure greater than...: (PAm) greater
than 20
11. Primary pulmonary hypertension: Idiopathic genetic disorder caused by abnormal structure of
the pulmonary blood vessels
12. Name three causes of secondary pulmonary hypertension..: 1. Passive PH- the
result of back pressure. Mitral Stenosis, LV systolic failure.
2. Active PH- Constriction of the pulmonary circuit Increased volume in pulmonary circuit (i.e. congenital heart
disease)
3. Obstruction as in Chronic recurrent PE
13. TNP of the Pregnant patient: Resuscitation priorities are the same. The best way to take care of the
baby is to take care of mama
14. Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics the most common cause of mater-
nal injury is...: Blunt trauma caused by MVC. Second is BT caused by falls, 3rd is violence
, Air Methods Critical Care exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9iy5wd
15. fetal distress is an early sign of maternal distress... Why?: Catecholamine mediated
vasoconstriction resulting from blood loss shunts blood away from the fetus to the mom.
16. Fetal hypo perfusion is evidenced by....: Fetal tachycardia (140 to 160+) and fetal bradycardia
17. The FRC in a pregnant patient is....: Reduced by the gravid uterus lifting the diaphragm.
18. chest tube placement in a pregnant patient is 1-2 spaces higher: Because of the
lifted diaphragm
19. What is the cause of physiological anemia in pregnant patients?: Hemodilitional
anemia occurs. Plasma volume increases 30-50%.
20. Preterm Labor (PTL):
21. abruptio placentae: premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall
22. On a pregnant patient...: Chest compressions must be higher on the sternum.
Any preg patient 20 weeks pregnant or more with a uterus above the umbilicus should have the uterus left laterally
displaced during compressions to avoid aortocaval compression. A 15 degree tilt of the long board or lateral
displacement.
23. What is the Maternal Fetal Triage Index?: A valid reliable 5 level triage tool that may assist in
the triage of obstetric trauma patients.
24. Displacing the uterus off the vena cava can improve CO by: approximately 30%!
25. Continuous fetal monitoring is recommended...: for all pregnant patients 20 or more
weeks gestation... or (uterus above belly button).
26. Fundal height measurement: equals the approximate gestational age in weeks, until week 32.
Belly button is 20 weeks
Height of last rib is 26 weeks
costal margin is 36 weeks
27. Any fundal height indicating 23 or more weeks...: at the last rib and above is consistent
with a viable fetus.
28. What type of blood should a pregnant trauma patient receive?: O-NEG baybay.
29. Initiate cardiotocography in any mother: 20 or more weeks gestation, must be monitored
for at least 6 hours.
30. What is the serum lab test that detects fetal red cells in the maternal
circulation?: Kleinhauer Bette KB serum test. This lab is used to determine if hemorrhage of fetal blood through
the placenta and into maternal circulation. KB test is an important detector of abruptio placentae, preterm labor and
need to administer Rh negative globulin when mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive.
, Air Methods Critical Care exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9iy5wd
31. Continue fetal monitoring for a minimum of ---- hours for any viable preg-
nancy and up to _____ hours if there is abdominal trauma: 6..... 24
32. Sonography has __________ for diagnosis placental abruption,: POOR.... they miss
50-80% of abruptions.
33. In addition to routine labs a: Prothrombin (PT ) and PTT and serial coags should be drawn. Beta
Human Chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG)
34. Measure and record fundal height every: 30 minutes.
35. Pediatric Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics: Blunt trauma MVC > suffocations >
drownings > fires/burns. No. 1 cause of fatalities is TBI.
36. Primary Survey/ Resuscitation: Survival rates in pediatric emergency can be directly correlated
with
1.RAPID AIRWAY MANAGEMENT,
2.INITIATION OF VENTILATORY SUPPORT, AND
3.EARLY RECOGNITION OF AND EARLY RESPONSE TO INTRA abdominal AND intracranial hemorrhages
37. A STEMI is a __________ resulting from a _________.: Complete Occlusion of a coronary
artery
caused by a ruptured Plaque leading to blood clot formation in the coronary.
38. STEMI diagnosis: Chest pain + positive cardiac enzyme (TROP. >0.4), and --ST segment ELEVATIONS
greater than 1 mm in two or more contagious leads
V1-V6
-Reciprocal (depressions) changes in leads II, III, AVF
39. STEMI
EKG findings: STEMI
40. STEMI
EKG findings more: -St elevations > 1mm in Limb leads: 1, II, III, avF, avL
-St elevations > 2mm in precordial leads (v1-v6)
AND/OR
-NEW LBBB
Contiguous leads with reciprocal changes in opposite leads
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9iy5wd
1. What is the most reliable method of confirming and montioring correct
placement of an ET tube?: Continuous waveform capnography
2. The upper airway consists of...: Nose, Mouth, Jaw, Oral Cavity, Pharynx, and Larynx
3. No gas exchange occurs here __________, it's called ____________.: Nose to terminal
bronchioles, anatomical dead space. (2ml/kg of inspired tidal volume) They conduct airflow towards gas exchange
units.
4. Crycothyroid membrane: between thyroid and cricoid, avascular structure that connects the thyroid
and cricoid cartilage. Site of CRiCOTHYROTOMY- an emergency opening of the airway.
5. A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates:
A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis.: C. Respiratory acidosis
6. PaCO2 normal range: 35-45 mm Hg Less than 35 likely means hyperventilation
7. Tracheal deviation AWAY from the affected side, decreased breath sounds,
and hyperresonance... What's happening?: Tension pneumothorax
8. In a tension pneumothorax tracheal deviation goes in what direction?: AWAY
from affected side.
9. Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure: 10-20 mmHg
10. Pulmonary hypertension is a mean PA pressure greater than...: (PAm) greater
than 20
11. Primary pulmonary hypertension: Idiopathic genetic disorder caused by abnormal structure of
the pulmonary blood vessels
12. Name three causes of secondary pulmonary hypertension..: 1. Passive PH- the
result of back pressure. Mitral Stenosis, LV systolic failure.
2. Active PH- Constriction of the pulmonary circuit Increased volume in pulmonary circuit (i.e. congenital heart
disease)
3. Obstruction as in Chronic recurrent PE
13. TNP of the Pregnant patient: Resuscitation priorities are the same. The best way to take care of the
baby is to take care of mama
14. Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics the most common cause of mater-
nal injury is...: Blunt trauma caused by MVC. Second is BT caused by falls, 3rd is violence
, Air Methods Critical Care exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9iy5wd
15. fetal distress is an early sign of maternal distress... Why?: Catecholamine mediated
vasoconstriction resulting from blood loss shunts blood away from the fetus to the mom.
16. Fetal hypo perfusion is evidenced by....: Fetal tachycardia (140 to 160+) and fetal bradycardia
17. The FRC in a pregnant patient is....: Reduced by the gravid uterus lifting the diaphragm.
18. chest tube placement in a pregnant patient is 1-2 spaces higher: Because of the
lifted diaphragm
19. What is the cause of physiological anemia in pregnant patients?: Hemodilitional
anemia occurs. Plasma volume increases 30-50%.
20. Preterm Labor (PTL):
21. abruptio placentae: premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall
22. On a pregnant patient...: Chest compressions must be higher on the sternum.
Any preg patient 20 weeks pregnant or more with a uterus above the umbilicus should have the uterus left laterally
displaced during compressions to avoid aortocaval compression. A 15 degree tilt of the long board or lateral
displacement.
23. What is the Maternal Fetal Triage Index?: A valid reliable 5 level triage tool that may assist in
the triage of obstetric trauma patients.
24. Displacing the uterus off the vena cava can improve CO by: approximately 30%!
25. Continuous fetal monitoring is recommended...: for all pregnant patients 20 or more
weeks gestation... or (uterus above belly button).
26. Fundal height measurement: equals the approximate gestational age in weeks, until week 32.
Belly button is 20 weeks
Height of last rib is 26 weeks
costal margin is 36 weeks
27. Any fundal height indicating 23 or more weeks...: at the last rib and above is consistent
with a viable fetus.
28. What type of blood should a pregnant trauma patient receive?: O-NEG baybay.
29. Initiate cardiotocography in any mother: 20 or more weeks gestation, must be monitored
for at least 6 hours.
30. What is the serum lab test that detects fetal red cells in the maternal
circulation?: Kleinhauer Bette KB serum test. This lab is used to determine if hemorrhage of fetal blood through
the placenta and into maternal circulation. KB test is an important detector of abruptio placentae, preterm labor and
need to administer Rh negative globulin when mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive.
, Air Methods Critical Care exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9iy5wd
31. Continue fetal monitoring for a minimum of ---- hours for any viable preg-
nancy and up to _____ hours if there is abdominal trauma: 6..... 24
32. Sonography has __________ for diagnosis placental abruption,: POOR.... they miss
50-80% of abruptions.
33. In addition to routine labs a: Prothrombin (PT ) and PTT and serial coags should be drawn. Beta
Human Chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG)
34. Measure and record fundal height every: 30 minutes.
35. Pediatric Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics: Blunt trauma MVC > suffocations >
drownings > fires/burns. No. 1 cause of fatalities is TBI.
36. Primary Survey/ Resuscitation: Survival rates in pediatric emergency can be directly correlated
with
1.RAPID AIRWAY MANAGEMENT,
2.INITIATION OF VENTILATORY SUPPORT, AND
3.EARLY RECOGNITION OF AND EARLY RESPONSE TO INTRA abdominal AND intracranial hemorrhages
37. A STEMI is a __________ resulting from a _________.: Complete Occlusion of a coronary
artery
caused by a ruptured Plaque leading to blood clot formation in the coronary.
38. STEMI diagnosis: Chest pain + positive cardiac enzyme (TROP. >0.4), and --ST segment ELEVATIONS
greater than 1 mm in two or more contagious leads
V1-V6
-Reciprocal (depressions) changes in leads II, III, AVF
39. STEMI
EKG findings: STEMI
40. STEMI
EKG findings more: -St elevations > 1mm in Limb leads: 1, II, III, avF, avL
-St elevations > 2mm in precordial leads (v1-v6)
AND/OR
-NEW LBBB
Contiguous leads with reciprocal changes in opposite leads
