BIO 101 EXAM 1 CONTENT | BIOLOGY
101 STUDY GUIDE, KEY TOPICS,
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & EXAM PREP
proteins - correct answer building polymers by taking away h2o
break by adding h2o
chain of amino acids, forms coils and sheets with hydrogen bonds, r group interactions,
proteins join others
nucleic acids - correct answer 4 bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
rna uses uracil instead of thymine
carbohydrates - correct answer energy storage - monosaccharides (glucose)
lipids - correct answer energy storage
glycerol head and fatty acid tail
hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
cell theory - correct answer every living organism is composed of one or more cells
all cells living today came from a preexisting cell
animal cells - correct answer no cell wall
prokaryotic cells - correct answer no nucleus, no mitochondria, cell wall
characteristics of life - correct answer CREEHG
composed of one or more cells
reproduce using DNA
obtain Energy
respond to Environment
homeostasis
evolve as Groups
cell membrane - correct answer made of phospholipids with hydrophilic head and
hydrophobic tails
liposome - correct answer in water phospholipids organize into spheres
only nonpolar hydrophobic molecules can cross the nonpolar hydrophobic core
water - correct answer can cross freely using aquaporins
, passive transport - correct answer from high to low concentration
simple diffusion - passes freely
facilitated diffusion - needs transfer proteins
active transport - correct answer energy required to pump from low to high
concentration
Receptor-mediated endocytosis - correct answer brings material from outside of cell to
inside
phagocytosis - correct answer eats/devours/engulfs
pinocytosis - correct answer ingestion of liquid into cell
exocytosis - correct answer ejecting substances from cell
osmosis - correct answer movement of water from high to low concentration
hypotonic - correct answer swelled up cell, less water outside
hypertonic - correct answer shriveled, more water outside
enzymes - correct answer build and break matter by lowering the activation energy the
reactions require
not consumes
have active sites that substrates bind to
coenzyme - correct answer type of cofactor that helps the substrate fit
competitive inhibitor - correct answer competes with substrate for active site
non competitive inhibitor - correct answer binds to site othaer than active site and
reduces enzymes ability to catalyze
photosynthesis - correct answer inputs: sunlight, co2, h2o
outputs: glucose oxygen
contains 2 systems: calvin cycle and light dependent
calvin cycle - correct answer inputs: co2, atp, nadph
outputs: glucose, adp, nadp+
light dependent - correct answer inputs: light, h2o, nadp+, adp
outputs: o2, nadph, atp
ps 2 absorbs light and electron transport chain moves them to ps1 where nadp+ turns to
nadph and hydrogen atoms flow through atp synthase generating atp
101 STUDY GUIDE, KEY TOPICS,
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & EXAM PREP
proteins - correct answer building polymers by taking away h2o
break by adding h2o
chain of amino acids, forms coils and sheets with hydrogen bonds, r group interactions,
proteins join others
nucleic acids - correct answer 4 bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
rna uses uracil instead of thymine
carbohydrates - correct answer energy storage - monosaccharides (glucose)
lipids - correct answer energy storage
glycerol head and fatty acid tail
hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
cell theory - correct answer every living organism is composed of one or more cells
all cells living today came from a preexisting cell
animal cells - correct answer no cell wall
prokaryotic cells - correct answer no nucleus, no mitochondria, cell wall
characteristics of life - correct answer CREEHG
composed of one or more cells
reproduce using DNA
obtain Energy
respond to Environment
homeostasis
evolve as Groups
cell membrane - correct answer made of phospholipids with hydrophilic head and
hydrophobic tails
liposome - correct answer in water phospholipids organize into spheres
only nonpolar hydrophobic molecules can cross the nonpolar hydrophobic core
water - correct answer can cross freely using aquaporins
, passive transport - correct answer from high to low concentration
simple diffusion - passes freely
facilitated diffusion - needs transfer proteins
active transport - correct answer energy required to pump from low to high
concentration
Receptor-mediated endocytosis - correct answer brings material from outside of cell to
inside
phagocytosis - correct answer eats/devours/engulfs
pinocytosis - correct answer ingestion of liquid into cell
exocytosis - correct answer ejecting substances from cell
osmosis - correct answer movement of water from high to low concentration
hypotonic - correct answer swelled up cell, less water outside
hypertonic - correct answer shriveled, more water outside
enzymes - correct answer build and break matter by lowering the activation energy the
reactions require
not consumes
have active sites that substrates bind to
coenzyme - correct answer type of cofactor that helps the substrate fit
competitive inhibitor - correct answer competes with substrate for active site
non competitive inhibitor - correct answer binds to site othaer than active site and
reduces enzymes ability to catalyze
photosynthesis - correct answer inputs: sunlight, co2, h2o
outputs: glucose oxygen
contains 2 systems: calvin cycle and light dependent
calvin cycle - correct answer inputs: co2, atp, nadph
outputs: glucose, adp, nadp+
light dependent - correct answer inputs: light, h2o, nadp+, adp
outputs: o2, nadph, atp
ps 2 absorbs light and electron transport chain moves them to ps1 where nadp+ turns to
nadph and hydrogen atoms flow through atp synthase generating atp
