PERSONEELSPSYCHOLOGIE
Table of Contents
1. Introductie tot HRM..........................................................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Introductie...................................................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Wat is HRM?................................................................................................................................................................................6
1.3 Waarom doen we aan HRM?......................................................................................................................................................7
1.4 Wie doet aan HRM?....................................................................................................................................................................9
1.5 Hoe doen we aan HRM?............................................................................................................................................................10
1.6 Definitie HRM............................................................................................................................................................................11
1.7 Algorithmic HRM.......................................................................................................................................................................12
2. Job- en competentiemodeling........................................................................................................................................................13
2.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................13
2.2 Bouwstenen..............................................................................................................................................................................13
2.2.1 Descriptoren → wat wil je in kaart brengen?....................................................................................................................13
2.2.2 Informatiebronnen → wie?................................................................................................................................................14
2.2.3 Informatieverzameling → hoe?.........................................................................................................................................15
2.2.4 Analyse-eenheid → niveau van beschrijven......................................................................................................................16
2.2.5 Conclusie............................................................................................................................................................................17
2.3 Job modeling.............................................................................................................................................................................17
2.3.1 Terminologie......................................................................................................................................................................17
2.3.2 Technieken.........................................................................................................................................................................18
2.4 Competentiemodeling..............................................................................................................................................................22
2.4.1 Oorsprong en definitie.......................................................................................................................................................22
2.4.2 Proces.................................................................................................................................................................................23
2.4.3 verschillen met functiestudie.............................................................................................................................................24
2.4.4 Kritiek op competentiemanagement.................................................................................................................................25
2.5 Nadruk op mentale processen: cognitieve taakanalyse...........................................................................................................26
2.6 Relevantie voor HRM................................................................................................................................................................26
1
, 2.7 Trends........................................................................................................................................................................................28
3. Rekrutering & organisatie-attractiviteit..........................................................................................................................................29
3.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................29
3.1.1 Terminologie......................................................................................................................................................................29
3.1.2 Wervingsproces..................................................................................................................................................................29
3.1.3 Relevantie...........................................................................................................................................................................30
3.2 Perspectief van de solicitant.....................................................................................................................................................33
3.3 Perspectief van de organisatie..................................................................................................................................................34
3.3.1 Inzicht in de vacante job....................................................................................................................................................34
3.3.2 Afbakenen doelgroep.........................................................................................................................................................34
3.3.3 Boodschap..........................................................................................................................................................................35
3.3.4 Keuze wervingskanaal........................................................................................................................................................36
3.3.5 Timing.................................................................................................................................................................................37
3.4 Employer branding...................................................................................................................................................................37
4. Selectie & assessment.....................................................................................................................................................................38
4.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................38
4.2 Criterium...................................................................................................................................................................................39
4.2.1 Criteriumdomein: hiërarchische structuur job performance............................................................................................39
4.2.2 Criteriummaat....................................................................................................................................................................39
4.3 Selectieconstruct.......................................................................................................................................................................39
4.4 Selectie-instrument...................................................................................................................................................................40
4.4.1 Criteria................................................................................................................................................................................40
4.4.2 Sign-instrumenten/eigenschapsmodel..............................................................................................................................41
4.4.3 Sample/steekproefmodel..................................................................................................................................................43
4.5 Het interview.............................................................................................................................................................................44
4.5.1 Gestructureerd interview...................................................................................................................................................44
4.5.2 Gedragsgericht interview → SIGN.....................................................................................................................................44
4.5.3 Situationeel interview → SAMPLE.....................................................................................................................................45
4.5.4 Beoordelingstendens.........................................................................................................................................................45
4.5.5 Impression management...................................................................................................................................................46
4.6 Hoe kiezen?...............................................................................................................................................................................46
2
, 4.9 AI...............................................................................................................................................................................................47
5. Prestatiebeoordeling en -management..........................................................................................................................................48
5.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................48
5.2 Weerstand.................................................................................................................................................................................48
5.3 BOUWStenen............................................................................................................................................................................49
5.3.1 Doelstelling – waarom beoordelen?..................................................................................................................................49
5.3.2 Criteriumdomein – waarop beoordelen?..........................................................................................................................49
5.3.3 Criteriummaat – hoe beoordelen?....................................................................................................................................50
5.3.4 Beoordelaar – wie beoordeelt?.........................................................................................................................................51
5.3.5 Training – hoe verbeteren?................................................................................................................................................52
5.3.6 Functioneringsgesprek – welke aanpak?...........................................................................................................................52
6. Training en ontwikkeling.................................................................................................................................................................53
6.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................53
6.2 Formele benadering..................................................................................................................................................................54
6.2.1 Analyse trainingsbehoefte.................................................................................................................................................54
6.2.2 Specificatie van traningsdoelstellingen..............................................................................................................................55
6.2.3 Ontwerp van training.........................................................................................................................................................55
6.2.4 Optimaliseer transfer.........................................................................................................................................................57
6.2.5 Evaluatie.............................................................................................................................................................................58
6.3 Informele benadering...............................................................................................................................................................59
6.4 Conclusie...................................................................................................................................................................................60
7. Beloning...........................................................................................................................................................................................61
7.1 Situering...................................................................................................................................................................................61
7.2 Wat?.........................................................................................................................................................................................62
7.3 hoe?..........................................................................................................................................................................................63
7.2.1 Interne afstemming............................................................................................................................................................63
7.2.2 Externe afstemming...........................................................................................................................................................64
7.2.3 HR strategie........................................................................................................................................................................65
7.2.4 Rechtvaardigheid...............................................................................................................................................................65
8. Exit en retentie................................................................................................................................................................................66
8.1 Situering...................................................................................................................................................................................66
3
, 8.2 Wat is verloop?.........................................................................................................................................................................66
8.3 Waarom is verloop van belang?...............................................................................................................................................67
8.4 Hoe ontwikkelt verloop?..........................................................................................................................................................68
9.1.1 Push/pull models................................................................................................................................................................68
9.1.2 unfolding model.................................................................................................................................................................70
9.1.3 Collectieve turnover...........................................................................................................................................................71
8.5 Hoe vrijwillig verloop aanpakken?...........................................................................................................................................71
9. Loopbaanmanagement...................................................................................................................................................................74
9.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................74
9.3 Individu en loopbaan.................................................................................................................................................................75
9.3.1 Loopbaanfases...................................................................................................................................................................75
9.3.1 Loopbaansfeer....................................................................................................................................................................76
9.3.3 Loopbaankeuzes.................................................................................................................................................................77
9.4 Organisatie en loopbaan...........................................................................................................................................................79
9.4.1 Loopbaanpaden..................................................................................................................................................................79
9.4.2 Stroombeleid......................................................................................................................................................................79
9.5 Loopbaanpraktijken..................................................................................................................................................................80
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Table of Contents
1. Introductie tot HRM..........................................................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Introductie...................................................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Wat is HRM?................................................................................................................................................................................6
1.3 Waarom doen we aan HRM?......................................................................................................................................................7
1.4 Wie doet aan HRM?....................................................................................................................................................................9
1.5 Hoe doen we aan HRM?............................................................................................................................................................10
1.6 Definitie HRM............................................................................................................................................................................11
1.7 Algorithmic HRM.......................................................................................................................................................................12
2. Job- en competentiemodeling........................................................................................................................................................13
2.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................13
2.2 Bouwstenen..............................................................................................................................................................................13
2.2.1 Descriptoren → wat wil je in kaart brengen?....................................................................................................................13
2.2.2 Informatiebronnen → wie?................................................................................................................................................14
2.2.3 Informatieverzameling → hoe?.........................................................................................................................................15
2.2.4 Analyse-eenheid → niveau van beschrijven......................................................................................................................16
2.2.5 Conclusie............................................................................................................................................................................17
2.3 Job modeling.............................................................................................................................................................................17
2.3.1 Terminologie......................................................................................................................................................................17
2.3.2 Technieken.........................................................................................................................................................................18
2.4 Competentiemodeling..............................................................................................................................................................22
2.4.1 Oorsprong en definitie.......................................................................................................................................................22
2.4.2 Proces.................................................................................................................................................................................23
2.4.3 verschillen met functiestudie.............................................................................................................................................24
2.4.4 Kritiek op competentiemanagement.................................................................................................................................25
2.5 Nadruk op mentale processen: cognitieve taakanalyse...........................................................................................................26
2.6 Relevantie voor HRM................................................................................................................................................................26
1
, 2.7 Trends........................................................................................................................................................................................28
3. Rekrutering & organisatie-attractiviteit..........................................................................................................................................29
3.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................29
3.1.1 Terminologie......................................................................................................................................................................29
3.1.2 Wervingsproces..................................................................................................................................................................29
3.1.3 Relevantie...........................................................................................................................................................................30
3.2 Perspectief van de solicitant.....................................................................................................................................................33
3.3 Perspectief van de organisatie..................................................................................................................................................34
3.3.1 Inzicht in de vacante job....................................................................................................................................................34
3.3.2 Afbakenen doelgroep.........................................................................................................................................................34
3.3.3 Boodschap..........................................................................................................................................................................35
3.3.4 Keuze wervingskanaal........................................................................................................................................................36
3.3.5 Timing.................................................................................................................................................................................37
3.4 Employer branding...................................................................................................................................................................37
4. Selectie & assessment.....................................................................................................................................................................38
4.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................38
4.2 Criterium...................................................................................................................................................................................39
4.2.1 Criteriumdomein: hiërarchische structuur job performance............................................................................................39
4.2.2 Criteriummaat....................................................................................................................................................................39
4.3 Selectieconstruct.......................................................................................................................................................................39
4.4 Selectie-instrument...................................................................................................................................................................40
4.4.1 Criteria................................................................................................................................................................................40
4.4.2 Sign-instrumenten/eigenschapsmodel..............................................................................................................................41
4.4.3 Sample/steekproefmodel..................................................................................................................................................43
4.5 Het interview.............................................................................................................................................................................44
4.5.1 Gestructureerd interview...................................................................................................................................................44
4.5.2 Gedragsgericht interview → SIGN.....................................................................................................................................44
4.5.3 Situationeel interview → SAMPLE.....................................................................................................................................45
4.5.4 Beoordelingstendens.........................................................................................................................................................45
4.5.5 Impression management...................................................................................................................................................46
4.6 Hoe kiezen?...............................................................................................................................................................................46
2
, 4.9 AI...............................................................................................................................................................................................47
5. Prestatiebeoordeling en -management..........................................................................................................................................48
5.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................48
5.2 Weerstand.................................................................................................................................................................................48
5.3 BOUWStenen............................................................................................................................................................................49
5.3.1 Doelstelling – waarom beoordelen?..................................................................................................................................49
5.3.2 Criteriumdomein – waarop beoordelen?..........................................................................................................................49
5.3.3 Criteriummaat – hoe beoordelen?....................................................................................................................................50
5.3.4 Beoordelaar – wie beoordeelt?.........................................................................................................................................51
5.3.5 Training – hoe verbeteren?................................................................................................................................................52
5.3.6 Functioneringsgesprek – welke aanpak?...........................................................................................................................52
6. Training en ontwikkeling.................................................................................................................................................................53
6.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................53
6.2 Formele benadering..................................................................................................................................................................54
6.2.1 Analyse trainingsbehoefte.................................................................................................................................................54
6.2.2 Specificatie van traningsdoelstellingen..............................................................................................................................55
6.2.3 Ontwerp van training.........................................................................................................................................................55
6.2.4 Optimaliseer transfer.........................................................................................................................................................57
6.2.5 Evaluatie.............................................................................................................................................................................58
6.3 Informele benadering...............................................................................................................................................................59
6.4 Conclusie...................................................................................................................................................................................60
7. Beloning...........................................................................................................................................................................................61
7.1 Situering...................................................................................................................................................................................61
7.2 Wat?.........................................................................................................................................................................................62
7.3 hoe?..........................................................................................................................................................................................63
7.2.1 Interne afstemming............................................................................................................................................................63
7.2.2 Externe afstemming...........................................................................................................................................................64
7.2.3 HR strategie........................................................................................................................................................................65
7.2.4 Rechtvaardigheid...............................................................................................................................................................65
8. Exit en retentie................................................................................................................................................................................66
8.1 Situering...................................................................................................................................................................................66
3
, 8.2 Wat is verloop?.........................................................................................................................................................................66
8.3 Waarom is verloop van belang?...............................................................................................................................................67
8.4 Hoe ontwikkelt verloop?..........................................................................................................................................................68
9.1.1 Push/pull models................................................................................................................................................................68
9.1.2 unfolding model.................................................................................................................................................................70
9.1.3 Collectieve turnover...........................................................................................................................................................71
8.5 Hoe vrijwillig verloop aanpakken?...........................................................................................................................................71
9. Loopbaanmanagement...................................................................................................................................................................74
9.1 Situering....................................................................................................................................................................................74
9.3 Individu en loopbaan.................................................................................................................................................................75
9.3.1 Loopbaanfases...................................................................................................................................................................75
9.3.1 Loopbaansfeer....................................................................................................................................................................76
9.3.3 Loopbaankeuzes.................................................................................................................................................................77
9.4 Organisatie en loopbaan...........................................................................................................................................................79
9.4.1 Loopbaanpaden..................................................................................................................................................................79
9.4.2 Stroombeleid......................................................................................................................................................................79
9.5 Loopbaanpraktijken..................................................................................................................................................................80
4
