PNB 2265 EXAM 2 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The primary lymphoid organs are lymph nodes and bone marrow
True
False - Correct Answers -False
Which function is common to both types of primary lymphoid organs?
A. Production of lymphocytes
B. Lymphocytes acquire their specific antigen receptors in primary lymphatic organs
C. Production of lymph
D. Most immune responses are initiated in one or the other of the primary lymph organs
- Correct Answers -B. Lymphocytes acquire their specific antigen receptors in primary
lymphatic organs
Lymph derives from _____ and travels to _____ via the lymphatic vessels.
A. Interstitial fluid; the systemic venous system
B. Blood; arterioles
C. Blood; lymphatic capillaries
D. Interstitial fluid; lymphatic capillaries - Correct Answers -A. Interstitial fluid; the
systemic venous system
Mast cells release _____ which act(s) to _____.
A. CSFs (colony stimulating factors); cause local vasodilation
B. Histamine; increase capillary permeability
C. Kinins; activate complement
D. IL-1; activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) - Correct Answers -B. Histamine;
increase capillary permeability
Which correctly describes an event in the inflammatory response to trauma?
A. CSFs (colony stimulating factors) stimulate an increase in neutrophils in the
bloodstream.
B. Proteins and fluid leak out of capillaries, causing swelling.
C. Kinins provide a directional signal for migrating neutrophils.
D. All of the above - Correct Answers -D. All of the above
Diapedesis refers to the ability of ________.
A. Neutrophils to move following a chemical trail
B. Neutrophils to move through a vessel wall
C. Blood vessels to increase permeability
, D. Helper T cells to secrete cytokines - Correct Answers -B. Neutrophils to move
through a vessel wall
Which choice correctly lists events in the CLASSICAL activation of the complement
sequence? (Note: some steps may be omitted. MAC = Membrane Attack Complex.)
A. Bacterium secretes Factor B; hydrolysis of C-3; self-assembly of MAC; hydrolysis of
bacterium.
B. Antibody binds virus; C3 binds antibody and is hydrolyzed; C1 - C9 form MAC, which
acts as an opsonin.
C. Antibody binds bacterium; C1 binds stem region of antibody; C3b binds bacterium;
self-assembly of MAC. - Correct Answers -C. Antibody binds bacterium; C1 binds stem
region of antibody; C3b binds bacterium; self-assembly of MAC.
A person acquires immunological memory to a bacterial pathogen after ________ .
A. Becoming immunocompetent
B. Cytotoxic T cells activate
C. Antibodies are transferred from their mother during breast-feeding
D. Having a primary immune response - Correct Answers -D. Having a primary immune
response
B cell receptors recognize (bind to) specific ________________ .
A. Free antigens in the blood/body fluids
B. Antigen presented with MHC-II protein
C. Free antibodies in the blood/body fluids
D. Antigen presented with MHC-I protein - Correct Answers -A. Free antigens in the
blood/body fluids
CD-8 receptors on cytotoxic T cells recognize (bind to) specific viral antigen presented
with MHC-I protein by an infected cell.
True
False - Correct Answers -True
MHC-II proteins are found on (expressed by) __________ .
A. Dendritic cells
B. Macrophages
C. Both of the above
D. Neither of the above - Correct Answers -C. Both of the above
Which choice correctly lists the sequence of events describing activation of a Helper-T
cell? (Note: Some steps may be omitted.)
A. APC engulfs antigen; APC displays processed antigen and MHC-II protein; CD-4
receptor binds antigen; costimulation; APC secretes IL-1; Helper-T secretes IL-2.
B. Infected cell displays antigen and MHC-I protein; Helper-T binds antigen; infected cell
secretes TNF; costimulation; Helper-T divides into a clone.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The primary lymphoid organs are lymph nodes and bone marrow
True
False - Correct Answers -False
Which function is common to both types of primary lymphoid organs?
A. Production of lymphocytes
B. Lymphocytes acquire their specific antigen receptors in primary lymphatic organs
C. Production of lymph
D. Most immune responses are initiated in one or the other of the primary lymph organs
- Correct Answers -B. Lymphocytes acquire their specific antigen receptors in primary
lymphatic organs
Lymph derives from _____ and travels to _____ via the lymphatic vessels.
A. Interstitial fluid; the systemic venous system
B. Blood; arterioles
C. Blood; lymphatic capillaries
D. Interstitial fluid; lymphatic capillaries - Correct Answers -A. Interstitial fluid; the
systemic venous system
Mast cells release _____ which act(s) to _____.
A. CSFs (colony stimulating factors); cause local vasodilation
B. Histamine; increase capillary permeability
C. Kinins; activate complement
D. IL-1; activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) - Correct Answers -B. Histamine;
increase capillary permeability
Which correctly describes an event in the inflammatory response to trauma?
A. CSFs (colony stimulating factors) stimulate an increase in neutrophils in the
bloodstream.
B. Proteins and fluid leak out of capillaries, causing swelling.
C. Kinins provide a directional signal for migrating neutrophils.
D. All of the above - Correct Answers -D. All of the above
Diapedesis refers to the ability of ________.
A. Neutrophils to move following a chemical trail
B. Neutrophils to move through a vessel wall
C. Blood vessels to increase permeability
, D. Helper T cells to secrete cytokines - Correct Answers -B. Neutrophils to move
through a vessel wall
Which choice correctly lists events in the CLASSICAL activation of the complement
sequence? (Note: some steps may be omitted. MAC = Membrane Attack Complex.)
A. Bacterium secretes Factor B; hydrolysis of C-3; self-assembly of MAC; hydrolysis of
bacterium.
B. Antibody binds virus; C3 binds antibody and is hydrolyzed; C1 - C9 form MAC, which
acts as an opsonin.
C. Antibody binds bacterium; C1 binds stem region of antibody; C3b binds bacterium;
self-assembly of MAC. - Correct Answers -C. Antibody binds bacterium; C1 binds stem
region of antibody; C3b binds bacterium; self-assembly of MAC.
A person acquires immunological memory to a bacterial pathogen after ________ .
A. Becoming immunocompetent
B. Cytotoxic T cells activate
C. Antibodies are transferred from their mother during breast-feeding
D. Having a primary immune response - Correct Answers -D. Having a primary immune
response
B cell receptors recognize (bind to) specific ________________ .
A. Free antigens in the blood/body fluids
B. Antigen presented with MHC-II protein
C. Free antibodies in the blood/body fluids
D. Antigen presented with MHC-I protein - Correct Answers -A. Free antigens in the
blood/body fluids
CD-8 receptors on cytotoxic T cells recognize (bind to) specific viral antigen presented
with MHC-I protein by an infected cell.
True
False - Correct Answers -True
MHC-II proteins are found on (expressed by) __________ .
A. Dendritic cells
B. Macrophages
C. Both of the above
D. Neither of the above - Correct Answers -C. Both of the above
Which choice correctly lists the sequence of events describing activation of a Helper-T
cell? (Note: Some steps may be omitted.)
A. APC engulfs antigen; APC displays processed antigen and MHC-II protein; CD-4
receptor binds antigen; costimulation; APC secretes IL-1; Helper-T secretes IL-2.
B. Infected cell displays antigen and MHC-I protein; Helper-T binds antigen; infected cell
secretes TNF; costimulation; Helper-T divides into a clone.
