ALC 68W Mod B Test 2 comprehensive
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions
Question 1:
Two distinct components of pumping blood through the heart
Answer:
1. the electrical impulse that tells the heart to beat 2. the mechanical
beating of the heart in response to the electrical impulse
Question 2:
two distinct types of cardiac cells
Answer:
1. conductive cells - initiate electrical activity and conduct it through the
heart 2. contracting cells - respond to the electrical stimulus and contract
to pump blood
Question 3:
sodium/potassium pump
Answer:
cells pull sodium into the cell while potassium exits, causing difference in
electrical charges, resulting in electrical flow
,Question 4:
three phases of electrical stimulus in the heart
Answer:
1. polarization: "ready phase" positive charges on the outside of the cell is
balanced by negative charge on the inside of the cell 2. depolarization:
"discharge phase" the two chemical charges change places, electricity
flows in a wave through the heart 3. repolarization: "recovery phase" the
return of electrical charges to their original state
Question 5:
innervations of the heart by the autonomic nervous system are divided
into two branches:
Answer:
1. sympathetic: affects BOTH atria and ventricles and increases heart
rate, conduction and irritability 2. parasympathetic: affects ONLY the atria
and decreases the heart rate, conduction and irritability of the heart
Question 6:
Sinoatrial (SA) node is the....
Answer:
- Pacemaker of the heart - fastest in the heart "the fastest guy drives the
bus" - send impulse down to the AV node - 0.5 m/sec - 60-100 bpm
Question 7:
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Answer:
- located in the Atrium - controls the ventricles - 0.05 m/s, slows to gather
blood and protect the ventricles - sends impulse to bundle of His,
originates the bundle branches - send impulse to the bundle of His -
40-60 bpm
, Question 8:
Bundle branches/ bundle of His
Answer:
- speeds back up once it gets past the gate keeper - Sends impulse to the
left/right bundles - Sends impulse to Purkinje network - 20-40 bpm
Question 9:
Ventricles
Answer:
- left and right ventricles depolarize simultaneously - Purkinje network 4
m/s, slows to 0.5 m/s in the ventricular muscle
Question 10:
EKGs always go from a _________ charge to a _________ charge
Answer:
negative charge to positive charge
Question 11:
What are artifacts?
Answer:
deflections produced by outside factors can be caused by muscle
tremors, shivering, movement, loose leads
Question 12:
two categories of EKGs
Answer:
1. bipolar leads: one positive electrode, one negative electrode 2.
unipolar leads: neutral ground, neither positive or negative
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions
Question 1:
Two distinct components of pumping blood through the heart
Answer:
1. the electrical impulse that tells the heart to beat 2. the mechanical
beating of the heart in response to the electrical impulse
Question 2:
two distinct types of cardiac cells
Answer:
1. conductive cells - initiate electrical activity and conduct it through the
heart 2. contracting cells - respond to the electrical stimulus and contract
to pump blood
Question 3:
sodium/potassium pump
Answer:
cells pull sodium into the cell while potassium exits, causing difference in
electrical charges, resulting in electrical flow
,Question 4:
three phases of electrical stimulus in the heart
Answer:
1. polarization: "ready phase" positive charges on the outside of the cell is
balanced by negative charge on the inside of the cell 2. depolarization:
"discharge phase" the two chemical charges change places, electricity
flows in a wave through the heart 3. repolarization: "recovery phase" the
return of electrical charges to their original state
Question 5:
innervations of the heart by the autonomic nervous system are divided
into two branches:
Answer:
1. sympathetic: affects BOTH atria and ventricles and increases heart
rate, conduction and irritability 2. parasympathetic: affects ONLY the atria
and decreases the heart rate, conduction and irritability of the heart
Question 6:
Sinoatrial (SA) node is the....
Answer:
- Pacemaker of the heart - fastest in the heart "the fastest guy drives the
bus" - send impulse down to the AV node - 0.5 m/sec - 60-100 bpm
Question 7:
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Answer:
- located in the Atrium - controls the ventricles - 0.05 m/s, slows to gather
blood and protect the ventricles - sends impulse to bundle of His,
originates the bundle branches - send impulse to the bundle of His -
40-60 bpm
, Question 8:
Bundle branches/ bundle of His
Answer:
- speeds back up once it gets past the gate keeper - Sends impulse to the
left/right bundles - Sends impulse to Purkinje network - 20-40 bpm
Question 9:
Ventricles
Answer:
- left and right ventricles depolarize simultaneously - Purkinje network 4
m/s, slows to 0.5 m/s in the ventricular muscle
Question 10:
EKGs always go from a _________ charge to a _________ charge
Answer:
negative charge to positive charge
Question 11:
What are artifacts?
Answer:
deflections produced by outside factors can be caused by muscle
tremors, shivering, movement, loose leads
Question 12:
two categories of EKGs
Answer:
1. bipolar leads: one positive electrode, one negative electrode 2.
unipolar leads: neutral ground, neither positive or negative
