CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN CANADA 8TH EDITION
COMPLETE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Malum in Se.
Answer: Acts that are inherently wrong or evil (e.g., murder, robbery,
sexual assault, kidnapping).
◉ Malum Prohibitum.
Answer: Acts that are illegal because the government made them
illegal (e.g., speeding, licensing offences).
◉ Summary offence.
Answer: Less serious offence with lower penalties and faster court
processes.
◉ Indictable offence.
Answer: Most serious offence with higher penalties and formal court
procedures.
◉ Hybrid offence.
Answer: An offence where the Crown chooses to proceed as either
summary or indictable.
, ◉ Police role.
Answer: Prevent crime, enforce laws, investigate offences, and arrest
suspects.
◉ Court role.
Answer: Determine guilt, protect rights, ensure fair trials, and
interpret laws.
◉ Corrections role.
Answer: Carry out sentences, supervise offenders, provide
rehabilitation, and assist reintegration.
◉ Crime funnel.
Answer: Shows that the number of criminal cases decreases as they
move through the justice system.
◉ Why do cases filter out of the crime funnel?.
Answer: Police discretion, unsolved crimes, withdrawn charges, and
community-based sentences.
◉ Goals of the criminal justice system.
COMPLETE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Malum in Se.
Answer: Acts that are inherently wrong or evil (e.g., murder, robbery,
sexual assault, kidnapping).
◉ Malum Prohibitum.
Answer: Acts that are illegal because the government made them
illegal (e.g., speeding, licensing offences).
◉ Summary offence.
Answer: Less serious offence with lower penalties and faster court
processes.
◉ Indictable offence.
Answer: Most serious offence with higher penalties and formal court
procedures.
◉ Hybrid offence.
Answer: An offence where the Crown chooses to proceed as either
summary or indictable.
, ◉ Police role.
Answer: Prevent crime, enforce laws, investigate offences, and arrest
suspects.
◉ Court role.
Answer: Determine guilt, protect rights, ensure fair trials, and
interpret laws.
◉ Corrections role.
Answer: Carry out sentences, supervise offenders, provide
rehabilitation, and assist reintegration.
◉ Crime funnel.
Answer: Shows that the number of criminal cases decreases as they
move through the justice system.
◉ Why do cases filter out of the crime funnel?.
Answer: Police discretion, unsolved crimes, withdrawn charges, and
community-based sentences.
◉ Goals of the criminal justice system.
