NUR 445 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
What is the normal pulmonary artery systolic (PAS) pressure and
pulmonary artery diastolic (PAD) pressures? - ANSWERS-PAS = 20-30
mmHg
PAD = 8-15 mmHg
What are the PA pressures affected by? - ANSWERS-Pulmonary HTN,
lung disease, PE, hypoxemia
Hypertensive Urgency criteria - ANSWERS->180/110-120 or DBP
>120
no organ damage
asymptomatic
What is the treatment for hypertensive urgency? - ANSWERS-oral anti-
hypertensives
END OF
PAGE
1
, NUR 445 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
Hypertensive Emergency criteria - ANSWERS->180/110-120 or DBP
>120
Cerebral infarct, MI, AKF
Severe headache, neuro deficit, chest pain
What is the treatment for hypertensive emergency? - ANSWERS-Admit
to ICU with IV anti-HTN meds
-1st hour = reduce BP by 10%
-2-3 hours = reduce BP by another 15%
What are some s/sx of an abdominal aortic aneurysm? - ANSWERS-
General:
-asymptomatic, abdominal pulsation
Dissection:
-rapid onset of pain in abdomen or back
END OF
PAGE
2
, NUR 445 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
Rupture:
-sudden onset of severe pain in abdomen, syncope, hypertension, shock,
and sudden death
What are risk factors for sepsis? - ANSWERS-chronic/serious illness
open wounds
immunocompromised
IV lines
What are s/sx of sepsis? - ANSWERS-hypotension, lactic acidosis,
alteration in mental status, tachycardia, fever, decreased urine output
How do we treat sepsis? - ANSWERS-Early fluid resuscitation
END OF
PAGE
3
, NUR 445 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
IV antibiotics
Vasopressors
What are the s/sx of hypovolemic shock? - ANSWERS-hypotension,
tachycardia, increased shallow respirations, decreased urine output,
change in LOC
What are the treatment goals for hypovolemic shock? - ANSWERS-Stop
the blood/fluid loss and replace the volume
-fluids, transfusions, vasopressors, ventilator support
What is MODS? - ANSWERS-Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
What criteria is required for MODS diagnosis? - ANSWERS-
Dysfunction of 2 or more organs for >24 hours
END OF
PAGE
4
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
What is the normal pulmonary artery systolic (PAS) pressure and
pulmonary artery diastolic (PAD) pressures? - ANSWERS-PAS = 20-30
mmHg
PAD = 8-15 mmHg
What are the PA pressures affected by? - ANSWERS-Pulmonary HTN,
lung disease, PE, hypoxemia
Hypertensive Urgency criteria - ANSWERS->180/110-120 or DBP
>120
no organ damage
asymptomatic
What is the treatment for hypertensive urgency? - ANSWERS-oral anti-
hypertensives
END OF
PAGE
1
, NUR 445 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
Hypertensive Emergency criteria - ANSWERS->180/110-120 or DBP
>120
Cerebral infarct, MI, AKF
Severe headache, neuro deficit, chest pain
What is the treatment for hypertensive emergency? - ANSWERS-Admit
to ICU with IV anti-HTN meds
-1st hour = reduce BP by 10%
-2-3 hours = reduce BP by another 15%
What are some s/sx of an abdominal aortic aneurysm? - ANSWERS-
General:
-asymptomatic, abdominal pulsation
Dissection:
-rapid onset of pain in abdomen or back
END OF
PAGE
2
, NUR 445 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
Rupture:
-sudden onset of severe pain in abdomen, syncope, hypertension, shock,
and sudden death
What are risk factors for sepsis? - ANSWERS-chronic/serious illness
open wounds
immunocompromised
IV lines
What are s/sx of sepsis? - ANSWERS-hypotension, lactic acidosis,
alteration in mental status, tachycardia, fever, decreased urine output
How do we treat sepsis? - ANSWERS-Early fluid resuscitation
END OF
PAGE
3
, NUR 445 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
IV antibiotics
Vasopressors
What are the s/sx of hypovolemic shock? - ANSWERS-hypotension,
tachycardia, increased shallow respirations, decreased urine output,
change in LOC
What are the treatment goals for hypovolemic shock? - ANSWERS-Stop
the blood/fluid loss and replace the volume
-fluids, transfusions, vasopressors, ventilator support
What is MODS? - ANSWERS-Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
What criteria is required for MODS diagnosis? - ANSWERS-
Dysfunction of 2 or more organs for >24 hours
END OF
PAGE
4
