CHEM134 C001 SPRING 2024 DIGITAL ACID
BASE CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
◉ volatility.
Answer: substance's tendency to vaporize
◉ frequency factor (in the Arrhenius Equation).
Answer: Number of times the reactants approach the activation
barrier per unit time
◉ elementary step.
Answer: A step within the reaction mechanism, which cannot be
broken down into smaller steps. The molecularity of the step can be
linked to a rate law (i.e. first order, second order, zero order)
◉ catalyst.
Answer: substance that increases the rate of reaction without being
consumed
◉ what does the equilibrium constant represent.
,Answer: the relationship between products and reactants of a
reaction at equilibrium
◉ amphoteric substances.
Answer: Substances that can react as both acids and bases, such as
H20 and NH3
◉ strong acids.
Answer: HCl, HBr, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4
◉ weak acids.
Answer: carboxylic acids, acetic acid, hydrofluoric acid
◉ strong bases.
Answer: NaOH, KOH
◉ weak bases.
Answer: NH3, amines (anything with NH2)
◉ functional group.
Answer: group of atoms within a molecule having characteristic
chemical behavior
, ◉ alkanes.
Answer: saturated, single bonds
◉ alkenes.
Answer: have unsaturated, double bonds
◉ alkynes.
Answer: have unsaturated, triple bonds
◉ arenes.
Answer: have alternating double/single bonds, often in an "aromatic
ring"
benzene is an example
◉ alcohol.
Answer: carbon atom bonded to oxygen of hydroxyl group (-OH)
polar, water soluble
increasing hydrocarbon size decreases solubility
BASE CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
◉ volatility.
Answer: substance's tendency to vaporize
◉ frequency factor (in the Arrhenius Equation).
Answer: Number of times the reactants approach the activation
barrier per unit time
◉ elementary step.
Answer: A step within the reaction mechanism, which cannot be
broken down into smaller steps. The molecularity of the step can be
linked to a rate law (i.e. first order, second order, zero order)
◉ catalyst.
Answer: substance that increases the rate of reaction without being
consumed
◉ what does the equilibrium constant represent.
,Answer: the relationship between products and reactants of a
reaction at equilibrium
◉ amphoteric substances.
Answer: Substances that can react as both acids and bases, such as
H20 and NH3
◉ strong acids.
Answer: HCl, HBr, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4
◉ weak acids.
Answer: carboxylic acids, acetic acid, hydrofluoric acid
◉ strong bases.
Answer: NaOH, KOH
◉ weak bases.
Answer: NH3, amines (anything with NH2)
◉ functional group.
Answer: group of atoms within a molecule having characteristic
chemical behavior
, ◉ alkanes.
Answer: saturated, single bonds
◉ alkenes.
Answer: have unsaturated, double bonds
◉ alkynes.
Answer: have unsaturated, triple bonds
◉ arenes.
Answer: have alternating double/single bonds, often in an "aromatic
ring"
benzene is an example
◉ alcohol.
Answer: carbon atom bonded to oxygen of hydroxyl group (-OH)
polar, water soluble
increasing hydrocarbon size decreases solubility
