Page 1 of 105
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 10TH EDITION EXAM 2026
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS DETAILED
RATIONALES GRADED A+
Fundamentals of Nursing 10th Edition
10-Point Summarized Exam Coverage
The Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment: Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation,
evaluation, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning.
Vital Signs & Physical Assessment: Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, pain
assessment, and general survey.
Infection Control & Safety: Hand hygiene, standard precautions, isolation precautions, patient
identification, and fall prevention.
Medication Administration: The "Rights" of medication administration, routes, calculations, and
patient education.
Wound Care & Skin Integrity: Pressure injury staging, wound healing phases, dressing selection,
and infection prevention.
Oxygenation & Respiratory Care: Oxygen therapy, airway management, suctioning, and chest
tube care.
Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance: IV therapy, electrolyte imbalances, and acid-base
interpretation.
Perioperative Nursing Care: Preoperative assessment, intraoperative safety, and postoperative
complications.
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Activity, Mobility & Rest: Body mechanics, positioning, range of motion, and sleep promotion.
Nutrition, Elimination & Psychosocial Care: Therapeutic diets, bowel and bladder training,
communication, and cultural competence.
SECTION 1: THE NURSING PROCESS & CLINICAL JUDGMENT (Questions 1–30)
Question 1
What is the first step in the nursing process, which involves the systematic collection of patient
data from primary and secondary sources?
A) Planning
B) Assessment
C) Implementation
D) Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. It involves the systematic
collection of subjective and objective data from the patient (primary source) and family, medical
records, and other healthcare professionals (secondary sources).
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who reports chest pain rated 8/10. The nurse administers the
prescribed nitroglycerin and reassesses the pain 5 minutes later. Which step of the nursing
process is the nurse performing?
A) Planning
B) Implementation
C) Evaluation
D) Assessment
Answer: C
Rationale: Evaluation is the final step of the nursing process, where the nurse determines the
effectiveness of the intervention. Reassessing pain after administering medication is a form of
evaluation.
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Question 3
Which of the following best defines clinical judgment in nursing?
A) The ability to follow a physician's orders accurately
B) The observed outcome of critical thinking and decision-making
C) The completion of tasks within a specified timeframe
D) The memorization of nursing diagnoses
Answer: B
Rationale: Clinical judgment is the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision-making. It
involves noticing, interpreting, responding, and reflecting on patient situations.
Question 4
A nurse is teaching a student nurse about the nursing process. Which statement by the student
indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "The nursing process is a linear, one-time event."
B) "The nursing process is cyclical and dynamic."
C) "Assessment is the first step of the nursing process."
D) "Evaluation can lead to reassessment."
Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process is not linear; it is cyclical and dynamic. Nurses frequently move
back and forth between steps as the patient's condition changes.
Question 5
The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and discharge
goals will be developed with the patient's input. The patient states, "How is that possible? I was
told that the doctor decides everything." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) "The doctor is in charge, but you can still share your opinion."
B) "In this hospital, the patient and the healthcare team work together to develop the plan of
care."
C) "You don't need to worry about that; we will take care of everything."
D) "I will ask the doctor to explain it to you."
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Answer: B
Rationale: Patient-centered care involves collaboration between the patient and the healthcare
team. The nurse should explain that the patient's input is essential for developing an
individualized plan of care.
Question 6
What is the purpose of evaluation in the nursing process?
A) To estimate the effectiveness of care
B) To provide teaching and support
C) To set priorities
D) To collect data
Answer: A
Rationale: The purpose of evaluation is to determine whether the interventions have been
effective in achieving the expected outcomes.
Question 7
A nurse is using the nursing process to care for a patient. Which action demonstrates the
"Planning" phase?
A) Checking the patient's blood pressure
B) Administering a pain medication
C) Setting a goal for the patient to ambulate by the end of the day
D) Reassessing the patient's pain level
Answer: C
Rationale: Planning involves setting patient-centered goals and expected outcomes, and
selecting interventions to achieve those goals.
Question 8
Which of the following is a subjective data finding?
A) Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg
B) Patient states, "I have a sharp, burning pain in my lower abdomen."
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 10TH EDITION EXAM 2026
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS DETAILED
RATIONALES GRADED A+
Fundamentals of Nursing 10th Edition
10-Point Summarized Exam Coverage
The Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment: Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation,
evaluation, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning.
Vital Signs & Physical Assessment: Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, pain
assessment, and general survey.
Infection Control & Safety: Hand hygiene, standard precautions, isolation precautions, patient
identification, and fall prevention.
Medication Administration: The "Rights" of medication administration, routes, calculations, and
patient education.
Wound Care & Skin Integrity: Pressure injury staging, wound healing phases, dressing selection,
and infection prevention.
Oxygenation & Respiratory Care: Oxygen therapy, airway management, suctioning, and chest
tube care.
Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance: IV therapy, electrolyte imbalances, and acid-base
interpretation.
Perioperative Nursing Care: Preoperative assessment, intraoperative safety, and postoperative
complications.
,Page 2 of 105
Activity, Mobility & Rest: Body mechanics, positioning, range of motion, and sleep promotion.
Nutrition, Elimination & Psychosocial Care: Therapeutic diets, bowel and bladder training,
communication, and cultural competence.
SECTION 1: THE NURSING PROCESS & CLINICAL JUDGMENT (Questions 1–30)
Question 1
What is the first step in the nursing process, which involves the systematic collection of patient
data from primary and secondary sources?
A) Planning
B) Assessment
C) Implementation
D) Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. It involves the systematic
collection of subjective and objective data from the patient (primary source) and family, medical
records, and other healthcare professionals (secondary sources).
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who reports chest pain rated 8/10. The nurse administers the
prescribed nitroglycerin and reassesses the pain 5 minutes later. Which step of the nursing
process is the nurse performing?
A) Planning
B) Implementation
C) Evaluation
D) Assessment
Answer: C
Rationale: Evaluation is the final step of the nursing process, where the nurse determines the
effectiveness of the intervention. Reassessing pain after administering medication is a form of
evaluation.
,Page 3 of 105
Question 3
Which of the following best defines clinical judgment in nursing?
A) The ability to follow a physician's orders accurately
B) The observed outcome of critical thinking and decision-making
C) The completion of tasks within a specified timeframe
D) The memorization of nursing diagnoses
Answer: B
Rationale: Clinical judgment is the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision-making. It
involves noticing, interpreting, responding, and reflecting on patient situations.
Question 4
A nurse is teaching a student nurse about the nursing process. Which statement by the student
indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "The nursing process is a linear, one-time event."
B) "The nursing process is cyclical and dynamic."
C) "Assessment is the first step of the nursing process."
D) "Evaluation can lead to reassessment."
Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process is not linear; it is cyclical and dynamic. Nurses frequently move
back and forth between steps as the patient's condition changes.
Question 5
The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and discharge
goals will be developed with the patient's input. The patient states, "How is that possible? I was
told that the doctor decides everything." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) "The doctor is in charge, but you can still share your opinion."
B) "In this hospital, the patient and the healthcare team work together to develop the plan of
care."
C) "You don't need to worry about that; we will take care of everything."
D) "I will ask the doctor to explain it to you."
, Page 4 of 105
Answer: B
Rationale: Patient-centered care involves collaboration between the patient and the healthcare
team. The nurse should explain that the patient's input is essential for developing an
individualized plan of care.
Question 6
What is the purpose of evaluation in the nursing process?
A) To estimate the effectiveness of care
B) To provide teaching and support
C) To set priorities
D) To collect data
Answer: A
Rationale: The purpose of evaluation is to determine whether the interventions have been
effective in achieving the expected outcomes.
Question 7
A nurse is using the nursing process to care for a patient. Which action demonstrates the
"Planning" phase?
A) Checking the patient's blood pressure
B) Administering a pain medication
C) Setting a goal for the patient to ambulate by the end of the day
D) Reassessing the patient's pain level
Answer: C
Rationale: Planning involves setting patient-centered goals and expected outcomes, and
selecting interventions to achieve those goals.
Question 8
Which of the following is a subjective data finding?
A) Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg
B) Patient states, "I have a sharp, burning pain in my lower abdomen."
