,Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
Yoost: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice, 3rd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical
practice. The students would be correct if they chose which theory to prioritize patient
care?
a. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
b. Paul’s Critical-Thinking Theory
c. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
d. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model
ANS: C
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect
each person’s physical and mental health. The nurse’s understanding of these factors helps
with formulating nursing diagnoses that address the patient’s needs and values to prioritize
care. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on
individuals’ interacting and learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of
developmental theory to critically think in providing care for their patients at various
stages of their lives. Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model.
The model addresses possible reasons for why a patient may not comply with
recommended health promotion behaviors. This model is especially useful to nurses as
they educate patients.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The
student would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing?
a. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
health.
b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and
clean air, water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and
the environment decreases the capacity for health and does not allow for conservation of
energy. Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the
interpersonal process between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the
nurse’s role as substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or
complementary (working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patient.
Martha Rogers (1970) developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that
human beings and their environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite
energy fields.
, DIF: Understanding REF: Concepts: Health Promotion
OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil
War?
a.Dorothea Dix
b.Linda Richards
c.Lena Higbee
d.Clara Barton
ANS: D
Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross.
Dorothea Dix was the head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of
the Army Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America’s first trained nurse, graduating from
Boston’s Women’s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy
Nurse Corps, was awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Professionalism
OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The nursing instructor is researching the five proficiencies regarded as essential for
students and professionals. The nursing instructor identifies which organization would be
found to have added safety as a sixth competency?
a. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
b. Institute of Medicine (IOM)
c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
d. National League for Nursing (NLN)
ANS: A
The Institute of Medicine report, Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality
(2003), outlines five core competencies. These include patient-centered care,
interdisciplinary teamwork, use of evidence-based medicine, quality improvement, and use
of information technology. QSEN added safety as a sixth competency. The Essentials of
Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice are provided and updated by
the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (2008). The document offers a
framework for the education of professional nurses with outcomes for students to meet.
The National League for Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practical,
associate, baccalaureate, and graduate nursing education programs.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies.
When hiring graduate nurses, the nurse manager realizes that they will probably not be
considered “competent” until they complete which task?
a. They graduate and pass NCLEX.
, b. They have worked 2 to 3 years.
c. Their last year of nursing school.
d. They are actually hired.
ANS: B
Benner’s model identifies five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner,
competent, proficient, and expert. The student nurse progresses from novice to advanced
beginner during nursing school and attains the competent level after approximately 2 to 3
years of work experience after graduation. To obtain the RN credential, a person must
graduate from an approved school of nursing and pass a state licensing examination called
the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) usually
taken soon after completion of an approved nursing program.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.7 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
6. The prospective student is considering options for beginning a career in nursing. Which
degree would best match the student’s desire to conduct research at the university level?
a. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
b. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
d. Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)
ANS: D
Doctoral nursing education can result in a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. This degree
prepares nurses for leadership roles in research, teaching, and administration that are
essential to advancing nursing as a profession. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
programs usually are conducted in a community college setting. The nursing curriculum
focuses on adult acute and chronic disease; maternal/child health; pediatrics; and
psychiatric/mental health nursing. ADN RNs may return to school to earn a bachelor’s
degree or higher in an RN-to-BSN or RN-to-MSN program. Bachelor’s degree programs
include community health and management courses beyond those provided in an associate
degree program. A newer practice-focused doctoral degree is the Doctor of Nursing
Practice (DNP), which concentrates on the clinical aspects of nursing. DNP specialties
include the four advanced practice roles of NP, CNS, CNM, and CRNA.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.9 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
7. During a staff meeting, the nurse manager announces that the hospital will be seeking
Magnet status. To explain the requirements for this award, the nurse manager will contact
which organization?
a. American Nurses Association (ANA)
b. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
c. National League for Nursing (NLN)
d. Joint Commission
ANS: B
Yoost: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice, 3rd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical
practice. The students would be correct if they chose which theory to prioritize patient
care?
a. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
b. Paul’s Critical-Thinking Theory
c. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
d. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model
ANS: C
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect
each person’s physical and mental health. The nurse’s understanding of these factors helps
with formulating nursing diagnoses that address the patient’s needs and values to prioritize
care. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on
individuals’ interacting and learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of
developmental theory to critically think in providing care for their patients at various
stages of their lives. Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model.
The model addresses possible reasons for why a patient may not comply with
recommended health promotion behaviors. This model is especially useful to nurses as
they educate patients.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The
student would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing?
a. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
health.
b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and
clean air, water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and
the environment decreases the capacity for health and does not allow for conservation of
energy. Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the
interpersonal process between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the
nurse’s role as substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or
complementary (working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patient.
Martha Rogers (1970) developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that
human beings and their environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite
energy fields.
, DIF: Understanding REF: Concepts: Health Promotion
OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil
War?
a.Dorothea Dix
b.Linda Richards
c.Lena Higbee
d.Clara Barton
ANS: D
Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross.
Dorothea Dix was the head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of
the Army Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America’s first trained nurse, graduating from
Boston’s Women’s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy
Nurse Corps, was awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Professionalism
OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The nursing instructor is researching the five proficiencies regarded as essential for
students and professionals. The nursing instructor identifies which organization would be
found to have added safety as a sixth competency?
a. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
b. Institute of Medicine (IOM)
c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
d. National League for Nursing (NLN)
ANS: A
The Institute of Medicine report, Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality
(2003), outlines five core competencies. These include patient-centered care,
interdisciplinary teamwork, use of evidence-based medicine, quality improvement, and use
of information technology. QSEN added safety as a sixth competency. The Essentials of
Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice are provided and updated by
the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (2008). The document offers a
framework for the education of professional nurses with outcomes for students to meet.
The National League for Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practical,
associate, baccalaureate, and graduate nursing education programs.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies.
When hiring graduate nurses, the nurse manager realizes that they will probably not be
considered “competent” until they complete which task?
a. They graduate and pass NCLEX.
, b. They have worked 2 to 3 years.
c. Their last year of nursing school.
d. They are actually hired.
ANS: B
Benner’s model identifies five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner,
competent, proficient, and expert. The student nurse progresses from novice to advanced
beginner during nursing school and attains the competent level after approximately 2 to 3
years of work experience after graduation. To obtain the RN credential, a person must
graduate from an approved school of nursing and pass a state licensing examination called
the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) usually
taken soon after completion of an approved nursing program.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.7 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
6. The prospective student is considering options for beginning a career in nursing. Which
degree would best match the student’s desire to conduct research at the university level?
a. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
b. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
d. Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)
ANS: D
Doctoral nursing education can result in a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. This degree
prepares nurses for leadership roles in research, teaching, and administration that are
essential to advancing nursing as a profession. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
programs usually are conducted in a community college setting. The nursing curriculum
focuses on adult acute and chronic disease; maternal/child health; pediatrics; and
psychiatric/mental health nursing. ADN RNs may return to school to earn a bachelor’s
degree or higher in an RN-to-BSN or RN-to-MSN program. Bachelor’s degree programs
include community health and management courses beyond those provided in an associate
degree program. A newer practice-focused doctoral degree is the Doctor of Nursing
Practice (DNP), which concentrates on the clinical aspects of nursing. DNP specialties
include the four advanced practice roles of NP, CNS, CNM, and CRNA.
DIF: Remembering REF: Concepts: Care Coordination
OBJ: 1.9 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of
Care
7. During a staff meeting, the nurse manager announces that the hospital will be seeking
Magnet status. To explain the requirements for this award, the nurse manager will contact
which organization?
a. American Nurses Association (ANA)
b. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
c. National League for Nursing (NLN)
d. Joint Commission
ANS: B
