NURSING 150 EXAM 1 HIGH-YIELD SAFETY,
INFECTION CONTROL, AND BASIC NURSING
SKILLS SUMMARY 2026
◉ Drug #3 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to get rid of inflammation
- The patient has to take the medication 3 to 6 months for the pills to
work at there full therapeutic affect
Answer: Immunomodulators
- Azathioprine (Imuran)
- Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
◉ Drug #4 for ulcerative colitis:
- Trying to alter the immune response
Answer: Biologic therapy
- Infliximab (Remicade)
- Adalimumab (Humira)
◉ Drug #5 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to prevent infection/lower intestinal bacteria
Answer: Antibiotics
,- Flagyl *Most commonly used for GI
- Cipro
◉ What diet would someone be on with ulcerative colitis?
Answer: NPO/Clear liquid advance to reg diet as tolerated
*TPN is used for people who are NPO long term
◉ What surgeries can be performed to help treat ulcerative colitis?
Answer: - Total proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy
(Removal of the colon, rectum, and anus)
- Total colectomy with ileoanal anastamosis (The large intestine is
bypassed and the lower portion of the small intestine is directly
attached to the anal canal)
- Total colectomy with continent ileostomy
◉ T or F ; 20-40% of people with ulcerative colitis will have surgery
to remove their colon.
Answer: True!
◉ Cultural considerations for ulcerative colitis:
Answer: - Affects people most commonly 15-30 years old
- People who have it have a 10% more chance of getting colon cancer
,◉ What are some complications that can occur with ulcerative
colitis?
Answer: - Hemmorhage
- Perforation
- Toxic megacolon
- Colorectal cancer
◉ What is a fistula?
Answer: Tunneling caused by an infection that goes through the
bowel until it can find an exit point
◉ Pathophysiology of Crohn's
Answer: Chronic inflammation that can affect any part of the GI tract
from the mouth to the anus and it affects all layers of the bowel
◉ What is the etiology of Crohn's disease?
Answer: They do not know the exact cause of crohn's but it is seen to
be caused by:
- Genetics
- Immunity
- Viruses
- Environment
, ◉ What are some cultural considerations and risk factors for
crohn's?
Answer: - Effects Eastern European, Jewish, and African American
people the most
Risk factors:
- Affects people most commonly 15-30 years old
- Smokers are 2 to 4x more times likely to get Crohn's
◉ Clinical manifestations for Crohn's disease:
Pain - where?
Stool - what is it like?
Weight loss - why?
Fatigue
What else?
Answer: Pain: Right lower quadrant (Terminal ileum - distal end of
the small intestine that intersects the large intestine)
Stool: Frequent stools, not watery but not firm
Weight loss: Not absorbing nutrients
*They can eat whatever they want and the person gains no weight
◉ What lab tests would be done to diagnose Crohn's?
Answer: CBC, Electrolytes, ESR, Albumin, Total protein, Vitamin B12
and B6, Folic acid
INFECTION CONTROL, AND BASIC NURSING
SKILLS SUMMARY 2026
◉ Drug #3 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to get rid of inflammation
- The patient has to take the medication 3 to 6 months for the pills to
work at there full therapeutic affect
Answer: Immunomodulators
- Azathioprine (Imuran)
- Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
◉ Drug #4 for ulcerative colitis:
- Trying to alter the immune response
Answer: Biologic therapy
- Infliximab (Remicade)
- Adalimumab (Humira)
◉ Drug #5 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to prevent infection/lower intestinal bacteria
Answer: Antibiotics
,- Flagyl *Most commonly used for GI
- Cipro
◉ What diet would someone be on with ulcerative colitis?
Answer: NPO/Clear liquid advance to reg diet as tolerated
*TPN is used for people who are NPO long term
◉ What surgeries can be performed to help treat ulcerative colitis?
Answer: - Total proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy
(Removal of the colon, rectum, and anus)
- Total colectomy with ileoanal anastamosis (The large intestine is
bypassed and the lower portion of the small intestine is directly
attached to the anal canal)
- Total colectomy with continent ileostomy
◉ T or F ; 20-40% of people with ulcerative colitis will have surgery
to remove their colon.
Answer: True!
◉ Cultural considerations for ulcerative colitis:
Answer: - Affects people most commonly 15-30 years old
- People who have it have a 10% more chance of getting colon cancer
,◉ What are some complications that can occur with ulcerative
colitis?
Answer: - Hemmorhage
- Perforation
- Toxic megacolon
- Colorectal cancer
◉ What is a fistula?
Answer: Tunneling caused by an infection that goes through the
bowel until it can find an exit point
◉ Pathophysiology of Crohn's
Answer: Chronic inflammation that can affect any part of the GI tract
from the mouth to the anus and it affects all layers of the bowel
◉ What is the etiology of Crohn's disease?
Answer: They do not know the exact cause of crohn's but it is seen to
be caused by:
- Genetics
- Immunity
- Viruses
- Environment
, ◉ What are some cultural considerations and risk factors for
crohn's?
Answer: - Effects Eastern European, Jewish, and African American
people the most
Risk factors:
- Affects people most commonly 15-30 years old
- Smokers are 2 to 4x more times likely to get Crohn's
◉ Clinical manifestations for Crohn's disease:
Pain - where?
Stool - what is it like?
Weight loss - why?
Fatigue
What else?
Answer: Pain: Right lower quadrant (Terminal ileum - distal end of
the small intestine that intersects the large intestine)
Stool: Frequent stools, not watery but not firm
Weight loss: Not absorbing nutrients
*They can eat whatever they want and the person gains no weight
◉ What lab tests would be done to diagnose Crohn's?
Answer: CBC, Electrolytes, ESR, Albumin, Total protein, Vitamin B12
and B6, Folic acid
