PEDIATRIC HESI EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS [GRADED
A+]
A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy.
Which of the following instructions will the nurse include when teaching the
parents of this child?
a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates
b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled
c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C)
d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house - ✔✔Answer B
fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause
infections in immune-compromised child. Fruits and vegetables should
either be peeled or cooked. The physician should be notified of a
temperature above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated, and
humidifiers harbor fungi in the water containers.
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
,A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from
bicycleriding. Which of the following is the first nursing action?
a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate
b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion
c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee - ✔✔Answer D
rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments
to reduce the swelling and bleeding into the joint. These are the priority
actions for bleeding into the joint of a client with hemophilia
A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks
the nurse about chances of her children having sickle cell disease. Which
of the following is appropriate response by the nurse?
a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease
b) only the male children will be affected
c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected
d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease -
✔✔Answer C
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
,In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25%
chance with each pregnancy that a child will have the disease.
An 8 year old child has been diagnosed to have iron deficiency anemia.
Which ofthe following activities is most appropriate for the child to decrease
oxygen demands on the body?
a)Dancing
b) playing video games
c) reading a book
d) riding a bicycle - ✔✔Answer C
reading a book is restful activity and can keep the child from becoming
bored. Choices a, b, and d require too much energy for a child with anemia
and can increase oxygen demands on the body.
A 16 month old child diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (KD) is very
irritable,refuses to eat, and exhibits peeling skin on the hands and feet.
Which of the following would the nurse interpret as the priority?
a)applying lotions to the hands and feet
b) offering foods the toddler likes
c) placing the toddler in a quiet environment
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
, d) encouraging the parents to get some rest - ✔✔Answer C
One of the characteristics of children with KD is irritability. They are often
inconsolable.Placing the child in a quiet environment may help quiet the
child and reduce the workload of the heart. The child's irritability takes
priority over peeling of the skin.
A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth
may indicate which of the following?
a.Hirschsprung disease
b. Celiac disease
c. Intussusception
d. Abdominal wall defect - ✔✔Answer A
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may be an
indication of Hirschsprung disease, a congenital anomaly resulting in
mechanical obstruction due to inadequate motility in an intestinal segment.
Failure to pass meconium is not associated with celiac disease,
intussusception, or abdominal wall defect.
Which of the following should the nurse do first after noting that a child with
Hirschsprung disease has a fever and watery explosive diarrhea?
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS [GRADED
A+]
A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy.
Which of the following instructions will the nurse include when teaching the
parents of this child?
a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates
b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled
c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C)
d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house - ✔✔Answer B
fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause
infections in immune-compromised child. Fruits and vegetables should
either be peeled or cooked. The physician should be notified of a
temperature above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated, and
humidifiers harbor fungi in the water containers.
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
,A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from
bicycleriding. Which of the following is the first nursing action?
a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate
b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion
c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee - ✔✔Answer D
rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments
to reduce the swelling and bleeding into the joint. These are the priority
actions for bleeding into the joint of a client with hemophilia
A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks
the nurse about chances of her children having sickle cell disease. Which
of the following is appropriate response by the nurse?
a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease
b) only the male children will be affected
c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected
d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease -
✔✔Answer C
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
,In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25%
chance with each pregnancy that a child will have the disease.
An 8 year old child has been diagnosed to have iron deficiency anemia.
Which ofthe following activities is most appropriate for the child to decrease
oxygen demands on the body?
a)Dancing
b) playing video games
c) reading a book
d) riding a bicycle - ✔✔Answer C
reading a book is restful activity and can keep the child from becoming
bored. Choices a, b, and d require too much energy for a child with anemia
and can increase oxygen demands on the body.
A 16 month old child diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (KD) is very
irritable,refuses to eat, and exhibits peeling skin on the hands and feet.
Which of the following would the nurse interpret as the priority?
a)applying lotions to the hands and feet
b) offering foods the toddler likes
c) placing the toddler in a quiet environment
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
, d) encouraging the parents to get some rest - ✔✔Answer C
One of the characteristics of children with KD is irritability. They are often
inconsolable.Placing the child in a quiet environment may help quiet the
child and reduce the workload of the heart. The child's irritability takes
priority over peeling of the skin.
A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth
may indicate which of the following?
a.Hirschsprung disease
b. Celiac disease
c. Intussusception
d. Abdominal wall defect - ✔✔Answer A
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may be an
indication of Hirschsprung disease, a congenital anomaly resulting in
mechanical obstruction due to inadequate motility in an intestinal segment.
Failure to pass meconium is not associated with celiac disease,
intussusception, or abdominal wall defect.
Which of the following should the nurse do first after noting that a child with
Hirschsprung disease has a fever and watery explosive diarrhea?
©morren2026/2027.Year published 2026.
