Advanced Health Assessment Neurological System
Advanced Health Assessment: Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e23psl
1. •The nervous sys- •Central and peripheral divisions
tem •Maintains and controls all body functions by its voluntary and autonomic
responses
2. •The physical exam •Motor
of the nervous •Sensory
system assesses •Autonomic
the following ele- •Cognitive
ments: •Behavioral
3. •Central nervous Main network of coordination and control for the body
system (CNS) •Brain
•Spinal cord
4. •Peripheral ner- Carries information to and from the CNS
vous system •Cranial nerves
•Spinal nerves
5. •The Brain 4 regions: cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
•Contains interconnecting neurons (cell bodies and axons)
•Gray matter: aggregations of neuronal cell bodies
•White matter: neuronal axons coated with myelin
6. Brain: blood sup- Blood supply
ply •20% of cardiac output
Arterial
•Two internal carotids
•Two vertebral
Venous
•Venous plexuses and Dural sinuses
•Two internal jugular veins
7. •Three major units
Actualstudy 1 of 19
, Advanced Health Assessment Neurological System
Advanced Health Assessment: Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e23psl
Brain: 3 major
Units
8. •Two cerebral Cerebrum
hemispheres, each
divided into lobes,
form the
9. •Gray outer lay- •General movement
er (cerebral cortex) •Visceral functions
houses the high- •Perception
er mental func- •Behavior
tions and is re- •Integration of functions
sponsible for:
10. Cerebellum
11. Brainstem
12. Peripheral nervous •12 pairs of cranial nerves plus spinal and peripheral nerves
system compo- •Cranial nerves govern motor, sensory, and specialized functions like smell,
nents vision, and hearing
13. Brain and spinal •Skull and vertebrae
cord are protected •Meninges
by: •Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
14. CSF •Three layers of meninges produce and drain CSF
•CSF circulates between an interconnecting system of ventricles in the brain and
around the brain and spinal cord, serving as a shock absorber
Actualstudy 2 of 19
, Advanced Health Assessment Neurological System
Advanced Health Assessment: Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e23psl
15. •The spinal cord
16. •Ascending spinal Posterior (dorsal) column tract: fasciculus gracilis, fasciculus cuneatus
tracts •Carries the fibers for the sensations of fine touch, two-point discrimination, and
proprioception
•Spinothalamic tracts carry fibers for sensations of light and crude touch, pres-
sure, temperature, and pain
17. Descending spinal Originate in the brain
tracts: corti- •Convey inhibitory or facilitatory impulses to various muscle groups
cospinal, retic-
ulospinal, and Play a role in the control of:
vestibulospinal •Muscle tone
•Posture
•Precise motor movements
18. •Within the spinal •Motor or efferent fibers of the anterior root carry impulses from the spinal cord
cord, each spinal to the muscles and glands of the body
nerve separates
into anterior and •Sensory or afferent fibers of the posterior root carry impulses from sensory re-
posterior roots ceptors of the body to the spinal cord, and then on to the brain for interpretation
by the cerebral sensory cortex
19. Peripheral nerves: •31 pairs of nerves that attach to the spinal cord: 8 cervical, 2 thoracic, 5 lumbar,
5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
20. Peripheral Ner- •Each nerve has an anterior (ventral) root containing motor fibers and a pos-
vous System - Pe- terior (dorsal) root containing sensory fibers; the anterior and posterior roots
ripheral Nerves merge to form a short (<5 mm) spinal nerve
Actualstudy 3 of 19
Advanced Health Assessment: Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e23psl
1. •The nervous sys- •Central and peripheral divisions
tem •Maintains and controls all body functions by its voluntary and autonomic
responses
2. •The physical exam •Motor
of the nervous •Sensory
system assesses •Autonomic
the following ele- •Cognitive
ments: •Behavioral
3. •Central nervous Main network of coordination and control for the body
system (CNS) •Brain
•Spinal cord
4. •Peripheral ner- Carries information to and from the CNS
vous system •Cranial nerves
•Spinal nerves
5. •The Brain 4 regions: cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
•Contains interconnecting neurons (cell bodies and axons)
•Gray matter: aggregations of neuronal cell bodies
•White matter: neuronal axons coated with myelin
6. Brain: blood sup- Blood supply
ply •20% of cardiac output
Arterial
•Two internal carotids
•Two vertebral
Venous
•Venous plexuses and Dural sinuses
•Two internal jugular veins
7. •Three major units
Actualstudy 1 of 19
, Advanced Health Assessment Neurological System
Advanced Health Assessment: Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e23psl
Brain: 3 major
Units
8. •Two cerebral Cerebrum
hemispheres, each
divided into lobes,
form the
9. •Gray outer lay- •General movement
er (cerebral cortex) •Visceral functions
houses the high- •Perception
er mental func- •Behavior
tions and is re- •Integration of functions
sponsible for:
10. Cerebellum
11. Brainstem
12. Peripheral nervous •12 pairs of cranial nerves plus spinal and peripheral nerves
system compo- •Cranial nerves govern motor, sensory, and specialized functions like smell,
nents vision, and hearing
13. Brain and spinal •Skull and vertebrae
cord are protected •Meninges
by: •Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
14. CSF •Three layers of meninges produce and drain CSF
•CSF circulates between an interconnecting system of ventricles in the brain and
around the brain and spinal cord, serving as a shock absorber
Actualstudy 2 of 19
, Advanced Health Assessment Neurological System
Advanced Health Assessment: Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e23psl
15. •The spinal cord
16. •Ascending spinal Posterior (dorsal) column tract: fasciculus gracilis, fasciculus cuneatus
tracts •Carries the fibers for the sensations of fine touch, two-point discrimination, and
proprioception
•Spinothalamic tracts carry fibers for sensations of light and crude touch, pres-
sure, temperature, and pain
17. Descending spinal Originate in the brain
tracts: corti- •Convey inhibitory or facilitatory impulses to various muscle groups
cospinal, retic-
ulospinal, and Play a role in the control of:
vestibulospinal •Muscle tone
•Posture
•Precise motor movements
18. •Within the spinal •Motor or efferent fibers of the anterior root carry impulses from the spinal cord
cord, each spinal to the muscles and glands of the body
nerve separates
into anterior and •Sensory or afferent fibers of the posterior root carry impulses from sensory re-
posterior roots ceptors of the body to the spinal cord, and then on to the brain for interpretation
by the cerebral sensory cortex
19. Peripheral nerves: •31 pairs of nerves that attach to the spinal cord: 8 cervical, 2 thoracic, 5 lumbar,
5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
20. Peripheral Ner- •Each nerve has an anterior (ventral) root containing motor fibers and a pos-
vous System - Pe- terior (dorsal) root containing sensory fibers; the anterior and posterior roots
ripheral Nerves merge to form a short (<5 mm) spinal nerve
Actualstudy 3 of 19
