NST 10 MIDTERM 2 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026
◉ what did diseases and nutrition problems USED to be mostly
associated with?
Answer: nutrient deficiencies
◉ NOW, what are the most common class of diseases? (21st century)
Answer: metabolism disorders
◉ how has life expectancy changed over time?
Answer: steady increase // 1860 was 40, 1900 was 50, 2020 was 80
◉ what is the definition of obesity?
Answer: a disorder of body fat, identified with a BMI greater than 30
◉ what is the equation for BMI?
Answer: weight (kg) / height (m^2)
◉ how has the prevalence of obesity changed recently?
Answer: increased in US and all over the world
,◉ which groups are often most affected by obesity?
Answer: lower income, minorities, increasing in youth
◉ what diseases are associated with obesity?
Answer: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, mellitus, liver disease,
stroke, cancers, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, gallbladder
disease, reproductive disfunction
◉ what cognitive issues are associated with obesity?
Answer: depression, sleep and breathing disturbances, alzheimer's
◉ is obesity a normal variant?
Answer: NO, even though lots of people are obese it is not a natural
human variant
◉ what is the number one cause of death for the first time ever?
Answer: cardiovascular disease
◉ how have many single epidemic diseases been cured?
Answer: nutritional discoveries
, ◉ what is pellagra and how was it cured?
Answer: epidemic, over 3 million cases, symtoms of diarrhea,
dermatitis, dementia. It was discovered by Goldberger and Eluhjem
discovered it was due to a lack of niacin and by fortifying diets with
niacin they were able to solve the problem.
◉ what was rickets and how was it cured?
Answer: affeced 80-90% of US children in 1900 and led to bone
defects -- solved by vitamin D
◉ what was cretinism and how was it cured?
Answer: cretinism is severe retardation, solved by adding iodine to
salt
◉ what was beri beri and how was it cured?
Answer: extreme weakness, solved by thiamine supplementation
◉ what cured scurvy?
Answer: vitamin C
◉ what is anemia and how was it cured?
Answer: anemia is severe iron deficiency and can be cured by
supplementing iron and folate
GUIDE 2026
◉ what did diseases and nutrition problems USED to be mostly
associated with?
Answer: nutrient deficiencies
◉ NOW, what are the most common class of diseases? (21st century)
Answer: metabolism disorders
◉ how has life expectancy changed over time?
Answer: steady increase // 1860 was 40, 1900 was 50, 2020 was 80
◉ what is the definition of obesity?
Answer: a disorder of body fat, identified with a BMI greater than 30
◉ what is the equation for BMI?
Answer: weight (kg) / height (m^2)
◉ how has the prevalence of obesity changed recently?
Answer: increased in US and all over the world
,◉ which groups are often most affected by obesity?
Answer: lower income, minorities, increasing in youth
◉ what diseases are associated with obesity?
Answer: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, mellitus, liver disease,
stroke, cancers, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, gallbladder
disease, reproductive disfunction
◉ what cognitive issues are associated with obesity?
Answer: depression, sleep and breathing disturbances, alzheimer's
◉ is obesity a normal variant?
Answer: NO, even though lots of people are obese it is not a natural
human variant
◉ what is the number one cause of death for the first time ever?
Answer: cardiovascular disease
◉ how have many single epidemic diseases been cured?
Answer: nutritional discoveries
, ◉ what is pellagra and how was it cured?
Answer: epidemic, over 3 million cases, symtoms of diarrhea,
dermatitis, dementia. It was discovered by Goldberger and Eluhjem
discovered it was due to a lack of niacin and by fortifying diets with
niacin they were able to solve the problem.
◉ what was rickets and how was it cured?
Answer: affeced 80-90% of US children in 1900 and led to bone
defects -- solved by vitamin D
◉ what was cretinism and how was it cured?
Answer: cretinism is severe retardation, solved by adding iodine to
salt
◉ what was beri beri and how was it cured?
Answer: extreme weakness, solved by thiamine supplementation
◉ what cured scurvy?
Answer: vitamin C
◉ what is anemia and how was it cured?
Answer: anemia is severe iron deficiency and can be cured by
supplementing iron and folate
