NST 10 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM STUDY
GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
●● fortified foods
Answer: have nutrients added
●● enriched grains
n
Answer: have thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, iron, and folic acid added
●● dietary supplements
Answer: contains one or more of the following: vitamins, minerals,
plants-derived substances, amino acids, or concentrates or extracts.
●● macronutrients
Answer: carbohydrates, proteins, fats and water. need large amounts
each day.
●● micronutrients
Answer: vitamins, iron etc.
,●● nutrient density
Answer: nutrient density is a measure of the micronutrients a food
provides compared to its caloric or energy content.
●● food pyramid
Answer: What is the picture that groups food according to types and
indicates how many servings of each food should be eaten daily
●● myplate
Answer: fruits, grains, protein, vegetables, dairy
●● digestion and absorption
Answer: biochemically, "you are what you eat" is true! food and fluid
taken into body is broken down into smaller components so it can be
used.
●● gastrointestinal tract
Answer: mouth , pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine, and anus
●● small intestine breaks down
Answer: carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
,●● small intestine absorbs fatty acids by what process?
Answer: simple diffusion
●● stomach breaks down
Answer: proteins, lipids
●● accessory organs of the digestive tract
Answer: saliva, pancreas, liver
●● saliva
Answer: Saliva contains salivary amylase, which helps to break down
carbohydrates and lysozymes, which help to inhibit bacterial growth in
the mouth
●● stomach secretions that aid digestion
Answer: pepsin, hydrochloric acid, mucus; mucus protects epithelium
from hydrochloric acid
●● pancreas
Answer: secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the small
intestine during digestion
●● liver
, Answer: produces the bile
●● gall bladder
Answer: stores the bile
●● bile
Answer: aids in the digestion of lipids
●● villi
Answer: maximize absorption: protrusions of the lining of the small
intestine that participate in the digestion and absorption of nutrients
●● microvilli
Answer: maximize absorption: minute brush-like projections on the cell
membrane that increases the absorptive surface area in the small
intestine
●● gastric pits
Answer: the lining of the stomach is made up of millions of these tiny
things. at the bottom of these things are the gastric glands
●● digestive enzymes
GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
●● fortified foods
Answer: have nutrients added
●● enriched grains
n
Answer: have thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, iron, and folic acid added
●● dietary supplements
Answer: contains one or more of the following: vitamins, minerals,
plants-derived substances, amino acids, or concentrates or extracts.
●● macronutrients
Answer: carbohydrates, proteins, fats and water. need large amounts
each day.
●● micronutrients
Answer: vitamins, iron etc.
,●● nutrient density
Answer: nutrient density is a measure of the micronutrients a food
provides compared to its caloric or energy content.
●● food pyramid
Answer: What is the picture that groups food according to types and
indicates how many servings of each food should be eaten daily
●● myplate
Answer: fruits, grains, protein, vegetables, dairy
●● digestion and absorption
Answer: biochemically, "you are what you eat" is true! food and fluid
taken into body is broken down into smaller components so it can be
used.
●● gastrointestinal tract
Answer: mouth , pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine, and anus
●● small intestine breaks down
Answer: carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
,●● small intestine absorbs fatty acids by what process?
Answer: simple diffusion
●● stomach breaks down
Answer: proteins, lipids
●● accessory organs of the digestive tract
Answer: saliva, pancreas, liver
●● saliva
Answer: Saliva contains salivary amylase, which helps to break down
carbohydrates and lysozymes, which help to inhibit bacterial growth in
the mouth
●● stomach secretions that aid digestion
Answer: pepsin, hydrochloric acid, mucus; mucus protects epithelium
from hydrochloric acid
●● pancreas
Answer: secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the small
intestine during digestion
●● liver
, Answer: produces the bile
●● gall bladder
Answer: stores the bile
●● bile
Answer: aids in the digestion of lipids
●● villi
Answer: maximize absorption: protrusions of the lining of the small
intestine that participate in the digestion and absorption of nutrients
●● microvilli
Answer: maximize absorption: minute brush-like projections on the cell
membrane that increases the absorptive surface area in the small
intestine
●● gastric pits
Answer: the lining of the stomach is made up of millions of these tiny
things. at the bottom of these things are the gastric glands
●● digestive enzymes
