,NURS 6203 midterm Exam Advanced Pharmacology Questions And
Answers | 2026/2027 Capella university
Q1. Which anticoagulant acts as a vitamin K antagonist?
A) Heparin
B) Warfarin
C) Apixaban
D) Dabigatran
Correct Answer: B) Warfarin
Rationale: Warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, reducing synthesis
of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.
Q2. Which laboratory test is routinely used to monitor warfarin
therapy?
A) aPTT
B) INR
C) Platelet count only
D) Bleeding time
Correct Answer: B) INR
Rationale: The international normalized ratio standardizes the prothrombin
time and is used to monitor the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Q3. Which medication reverses the anticoagulant effect of
unfractionated heparin?
A) Vitamin K
B) Protamine sulfate
C) Naloxone
D) Acetylcysteine
Correct Answer: B) Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Protamine binds to heparin and neutralizes its anticoagulant
activity.
Q4. A patient receiving heparin develops significant bleeding. Which
laboratory test is most useful for assessing the drug's anticoagulant
effect?
A) INR
B) aPTT
, C) Hemoglobin A1c
D) Serum calcium
Correct Answer: B) aPTT
Rationale: The activated partial thromboplastin time is commonly used to
monitor unfractionated heparin therapy.
Q5. Which adverse effect is the priority concern with excessive
anticoagulation?
A) Constipation
B) Bleeding
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Weight gain
Correct Answer: B) Bleeding
Rationale: Anticoagulants reduce clot formation and can produce potentially
serious bleeding when their effect is excessive.
Q6. Which patient statement about warfarin requires further
teaching?
A) “I will report unusual bleeding.”
B) “I will keep my vitamin K intake reasonably consistent.”
C) “I can take aspirin whenever I have a headache.”
D) “I will have my INR monitored.”
Correct Answer: C) “I can take aspirin whenever I have a headache.”
Rationale: Aspirin can further impair hemostasis and increase bleeding risk
when combined with warfarin.
Q7. Which food has a high vitamin K content and may affect
warfarin therapy?
A) Spinach
B) White rice
C) Apples
D) Chicken breast
Correct Answer: A) Spinach
Rationale: Dark green leafy vegetables are rich in vitamin K, which can
reduce warfarin's anticoagulant effect when intake changes substantially.
Answers | 2026/2027 Capella university
Q1. Which anticoagulant acts as a vitamin K antagonist?
A) Heparin
B) Warfarin
C) Apixaban
D) Dabigatran
Correct Answer: B) Warfarin
Rationale: Warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, reducing synthesis
of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.
Q2. Which laboratory test is routinely used to monitor warfarin
therapy?
A) aPTT
B) INR
C) Platelet count only
D) Bleeding time
Correct Answer: B) INR
Rationale: The international normalized ratio standardizes the prothrombin
time and is used to monitor the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Q3. Which medication reverses the anticoagulant effect of
unfractionated heparin?
A) Vitamin K
B) Protamine sulfate
C) Naloxone
D) Acetylcysteine
Correct Answer: B) Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Protamine binds to heparin and neutralizes its anticoagulant
activity.
Q4. A patient receiving heparin develops significant bleeding. Which
laboratory test is most useful for assessing the drug's anticoagulant
effect?
A) INR
B) aPTT
, C) Hemoglobin A1c
D) Serum calcium
Correct Answer: B) aPTT
Rationale: The activated partial thromboplastin time is commonly used to
monitor unfractionated heparin therapy.
Q5. Which adverse effect is the priority concern with excessive
anticoagulation?
A) Constipation
B) Bleeding
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Weight gain
Correct Answer: B) Bleeding
Rationale: Anticoagulants reduce clot formation and can produce potentially
serious bleeding when their effect is excessive.
Q6. Which patient statement about warfarin requires further
teaching?
A) “I will report unusual bleeding.”
B) “I will keep my vitamin K intake reasonably consistent.”
C) “I can take aspirin whenever I have a headache.”
D) “I will have my INR monitored.”
Correct Answer: C) “I can take aspirin whenever I have a headache.”
Rationale: Aspirin can further impair hemostasis and increase bleeding risk
when combined with warfarin.
Q7. Which food has a high vitamin K content and may affect
warfarin therapy?
A) Spinach
B) White rice
C) Apples
D) Chicken breast
Correct Answer: A) Spinach
Rationale: Dark green leafy vegetables are rich in vitamin K, which can
reduce warfarin's anticoagulant effect when intake changes substantially.
