WILDLAND FIREFIGHTING MODULE 1: S-130 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS | LATEST UPDATE .
Origin - correct Answers -The area where the fire started. It is also the point from which the fire spreads,
depending on the fuels present and the effects of wind and slope.
Head - correct Answers -The part of a wildland fire with the greatest forward rate of spread (ROS). The
head of a fire often burns intensely and may move with alarming speed. Some large fires may have
multiple heads.
Fingers - correct Answers -long, narrow strips of fire that extend from the main body of a fire.
They form:
-When a fire burns into mixed fuels; slowing in heavy fuel, but spreading quickly in light fuels
-Due to variations in terrain or wind direction
-When the head is split by natural features such as fields, water, or rock outcroppings
Pocket - correct Answers -The unburned area between the main fire and any fingers.
Perimeter - correct Answers -the outer boundary—or the distance around the outside edge—of the
burning or burned area. Also commonly called the fire edge
Rear - correct Answers -or heel, of a wildland fire is the end opposite the head—that is, relatively closer
to the point of origin than to the head.
Burns with low intensity
Has a low rate of spread (ROS)
Is generally easier to control than the head
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, Flanks - correct Answers -The sides of a wildland fire, roughly parallel to the main direction of fire
spread. Flanks are identified as either left or right as you are looking from the heel of a fire toward the
head.
Islands - correct Answers -Unburned areas inside the fire perimeter. Because they are unburned
potential fuels, patrol them frequently and check for spot fires.
Slopover - correct Answers -Fire edge that crosses a control line. Also called Breakover.
Natural Barrier - correct Answers -Any area where lack of flammable material obstructs the spread of
wildland fires.
Contain - correct Answers -To take suppression action that can reasonably be expected to check the fire
spread under prevailing and predicted conditions. Also called Containment.
The Green - correct Answers -Area of unburned fuels, not necessarily green in color, adjacent to but not
involved in a wildland fire.
The Black - correct Answers -Area already burned by a wildland fire. Also called Burn.
Rate of Speed (ROS) - correct Answers -Fire spread is simply the movement of the fire.
1 ft. (0.3 m)/minute = 1 chain/hour
10 ft. (3 m)/minute = 10 chains/hour
Chain - correct Answers -A surveying term and equals 66 ft.
Smoldering - correct Answers -Fire is one that burns without a flame and is barely spreading
Creeping - correct Answers -Fire is one that burns with a flame and is barely spreading
Running - correct Answers -Fire is one that spreads rapidly with a well-defined head
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QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS | LATEST UPDATE .
Origin - correct Answers -The area where the fire started. It is also the point from which the fire spreads,
depending on the fuels present and the effects of wind and slope.
Head - correct Answers -The part of a wildland fire with the greatest forward rate of spread (ROS). The
head of a fire often burns intensely and may move with alarming speed. Some large fires may have
multiple heads.
Fingers - correct Answers -long, narrow strips of fire that extend from the main body of a fire.
They form:
-When a fire burns into mixed fuels; slowing in heavy fuel, but spreading quickly in light fuels
-Due to variations in terrain or wind direction
-When the head is split by natural features such as fields, water, or rock outcroppings
Pocket - correct Answers -The unburned area between the main fire and any fingers.
Perimeter - correct Answers -the outer boundary—or the distance around the outside edge—of the
burning or burned area. Also commonly called the fire edge
Rear - correct Answers -or heel, of a wildland fire is the end opposite the head—that is, relatively closer
to the point of origin than to the head.
Burns with low intensity
Has a low rate of spread (ROS)
Is generally easier to control than the head
1
, Flanks - correct Answers -The sides of a wildland fire, roughly parallel to the main direction of fire
spread. Flanks are identified as either left or right as you are looking from the heel of a fire toward the
head.
Islands - correct Answers -Unburned areas inside the fire perimeter. Because they are unburned
potential fuels, patrol them frequently and check for spot fires.
Slopover - correct Answers -Fire edge that crosses a control line. Also called Breakover.
Natural Barrier - correct Answers -Any area where lack of flammable material obstructs the spread of
wildland fires.
Contain - correct Answers -To take suppression action that can reasonably be expected to check the fire
spread under prevailing and predicted conditions. Also called Containment.
The Green - correct Answers -Area of unburned fuels, not necessarily green in color, adjacent to but not
involved in a wildland fire.
The Black - correct Answers -Area already burned by a wildland fire. Also called Burn.
Rate of Speed (ROS) - correct Answers -Fire spread is simply the movement of the fire.
1 ft. (0.3 m)/minute = 1 chain/hour
10 ft. (3 m)/minute = 10 chains/hour
Chain - correct Answers -A surveying term and equals 66 ft.
Smoldering - correct Answers -Fire is one that burns without a flame and is barely spreading
Creeping - correct Answers -Fire is one that burns with a flame and is barely spreading
Running - correct Answers -Fire is one that spreads rapidly with a well-defined head
2
