NSG 122 Nursing Fundamentals Questions with
Verified Correct Answers
infectious agent
bacteria, viruses, fungi
Which of the following is the most significant and commonly found infection causing
agent in health care institutions?
Bacteria
Possible Reservoirs for Microorganisms
Other people
Animals
Soil
Food, water, milk
Inanimate objects
common portals of exit
Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts
Breaks in skin
Blood and tissue
Which infection or disease may be spread by touching a contaminated inanimate
article?
Influenza
,incubation period
organisms growing and multiplying
prodromal stage
person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease
Full stage of illness of infection
presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
During which stage of infection is the patient most contagious?
Prodromal Stage
Factors Affecting Host Susceptibility
Intact skin and mucous membranes
Normal pH levels
Body's white blood cells
Age, sex, race, hereditary factors
Immunization, natural or acquired
Fatigue, climate, nutritional and general health status
Stress
Use of invasive or indwelling medical devices
Cardinal signs of inflammation
redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function
Laboratory Data Indicating Infection
Elevated white blood cell count—normal is 5,000 to 10,000/mm3
Increase in specific types of white blood cells
,Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining cultures
Five Moments for Hand Hygiene
Moment 1 - Before touching a patient
Moment 2 - Before a clean or aseptic procedure
Moment 3 - After a body fluid exposure risk
Moment 4 - After touching a patient
Moment 5 - After touching patient surroundings
bacteria flora
Transient—attached loosely on skin, removed with relative ease
Resident—found in creases in skin, requires friction with brush to remove
Four Categories Responsible For Majority Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs)
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
Surgical Site Infection (SSI)
Central-line associated bloodstream Infection
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
Risk Factors for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)
Compromised immune systems
Recent surgery
CDC Recommendations to Prevent C. difficile infection (CDI)
avoiding the use of electric equipment that is difficult to clean or electric thermometers
Disinfecting Disinfecting dedicated patient care items and equipment(stethoscope) between
, patients
Using- Using full-barrier contact precautions(gowns and gloves)
placing- placing patients in private rooms; cohort patients with the same strain of CDI
performing- performing meticulous hand hygiene- soap and water
performing- performing environmental contamination of rooms
educating- educating health care providers( and patients/families as appropriate) on clinical
presentation, transmission, and epidemology of CDI
using- using antimicrobials at an appropriate dose and only when indicated.
Body's defense against infection
Body's normal flora
Inflammatory response
Immune response
Factors Determining Use of Sterilization and Disinfection Methods
Nature of organisms present
Number of organisms present
Type of equipment
Intended use of equipment
Available means for sterilization and disinfection
Rinse
Tell whether the following statement is true or false.
Soaps and detergents (nonantimicrobial agents) are considered adequate for routine
mechanical cleansing of the hands and removal of most transient microorganisms.
True
Verified Correct Answers
infectious agent
bacteria, viruses, fungi
Which of the following is the most significant and commonly found infection causing
agent in health care institutions?
Bacteria
Possible Reservoirs for Microorganisms
Other people
Animals
Soil
Food, water, milk
Inanimate objects
common portals of exit
Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts
Breaks in skin
Blood and tissue
Which infection or disease may be spread by touching a contaminated inanimate
article?
Influenza
,incubation period
organisms growing and multiplying
prodromal stage
person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease
Full stage of illness of infection
presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
During which stage of infection is the patient most contagious?
Prodromal Stage
Factors Affecting Host Susceptibility
Intact skin and mucous membranes
Normal pH levels
Body's white blood cells
Age, sex, race, hereditary factors
Immunization, natural or acquired
Fatigue, climate, nutritional and general health status
Stress
Use of invasive or indwelling medical devices
Cardinal signs of inflammation
redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function
Laboratory Data Indicating Infection
Elevated white blood cell count—normal is 5,000 to 10,000/mm3
Increase in specific types of white blood cells
,Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining cultures
Five Moments for Hand Hygiene
Moment 1 - Before touching a patient
Moment 2 - Before a clean or aseptic procedure
Moment 3 - After a body fluid exposure risk
Moment 4 - After touching a patient
Moment 5 - After touching patient surroundings
bacteria flora
Transient—attached loosely on skin, removed with relative ease
Resident—found in creases in skin, requires friction with brush to remove
Four Categories Responsible For Majority Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs)
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
Surgical Site Infection (SSI)
Central-line associated bloodstream Infection
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
Risk Factors for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)
Compromised immune systems
Recent surgery
CDC Recommendations to Prevent C. difficile infection (CDI)
avoiding the use of electric equipment that is difficult to clean or electric thermometers
Disinfecting Disinfecting dedicated patient care items and equipment(stethoscope) between
, patients
Using- Using full-barrier contact precautions(gowns and gloves)
placing- placing patients in private rooms; cohort patients with the same strain of CDI
performing- performing meticulous hand hygiene- soap and water
performing- performing environmental contamination of rooms
educating- educating health care providers( and patients/families as appropriate) on clinical
presentation, transmission, and epidemology of CDI
using- using antimicrobials at an appropriate dose and only when indicated.
Body's defense against infection
Body's normal flora
Inflammatory response
Immune response
Factors Determining Use of Sterilization and Disinfection Methods
Nature of organisms present
Number of organisms present
Type of equipment
Intended use of equipment
Available means for sterilization and disinfection
Rinse
Tell whether the following statement is true or false.
Soaps and detergents (nonantimicrobial agents) are considered adequate for routine
mechanical cleansing of the hands and removal of most transient microorganisms.
True
