Test Bank for Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 7th Edition – 650 NCLEX-Style Questions & Answers with Rationales | Instant Download

This comprehensive NCLEX-style test bank is built specifically for the 7th Edition of Basic Immunology by Abbas, Lichtman & Pillai (ISBN: 9780443105197) — giving you 650 exam-realistic multiple-choice questions with verified correct answers and in-depth clinical rationales for every single item. Whether you're a medical student, nursing student, immunology resident, or board exam candidate, this is the most efficient way to master the full scope of immunology — from innate immunity to transplantation, hypersensitivity, and immunodeficiency. Test Bank for Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 7th Edition by Abbas, Lichtman &Pillai |A Comprehensive NCLEX-Style Sample Review of 650 Multichoice Questions and Answers with Clinical Rationale Covering the Full Scope of the Textbook | Guaranteed Pass Table of Contents Chapter Title Question Range 1 Introduction to the Immune System Q1–Q55 2 Innate Immunity Q56–Q110 3 Antigen Capture and Presentation to Lymphocytes Q111–Q160 4 Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System Q161–Q210 5 T Cell–Mediated Immunity: Activation of T Lymphocytes Q211–Q260 6 Effector Mechanisms of T Cell–Mediated Immunity Q261–Q305 7 Humoral Immune Responses: Activation of B Lymphocytes Q306–Q355 8 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity Q356–Q400 9 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity Q401–Q445 10 Tumor and Transplantation Immunology Q446–Q490 11 Hypersensitivity Q491–Q535 12 Congenital and Acquired Immunodeficiencies Q536–Q580 Appendix Clinical Cases (Integrated Review) Q581–Q650 Chapter 1: Introduction to the Immune System 1. Which of the following best describes a fundamental property that distinguishes adaptive immunity from innate immunity? A. Adaptive immunity relies on germline-encoded receptors B. Adaptive immunity responds more rapidly than innate immunity upon first exposure C. Adaptive immunity exhibits specificity and memory D. Adaptive immunity is present in all multicellular organisms Correct Answer: C Rationale: Adaptive immunity is characterized by exquisite specificity for distinct antigens and the development of immunologic memory, enabling more rapid and effective responses upon re-exposure. Innate immunity relies on germline-encoded receptors, responds within hours, and is present in all multicellular organisms. Adaptive immunity is found only in vertebrates. DIF: 1 KEY: C MSC: Recall NOT: Chapter 1, Overview 2. A researcher isolates a cytokine that is produced by activated T lymphocytes and acts on the same cell that secreted it. This mode of action is called: A. Endocrine B. Paracrine C. Autocrine D. Juxtracrine Correct Answer: C Rationale: Autocrine action refers to a cytokine acting on the same cell that secreted it. Paracrine action refers to action on nearby cells, and endocrine action refers to systemic effects via the bloodstream. DIF: 1 KEY: C MSC: Recall NOT: Chapter 1, Cytokines 3. Which of the following is a general property of cytokines? A. They are stored as preformed molecules primed for rapid release B. They are constitutively transcribed and released C. Their synthesis is transient and initiated by new gene transcription D. They are produced only by lymphocytes Correct Answer: C Rationale: Cytokines are not usually stored as preformed molecules. Their synthesis is initiated by new gene transcription resulting from cellular activation, and the transcriptional activation is transient. The mRNAs encoding most cytokines are unstable and rapidly degraded, so cytokine synthesis is transient. DIF: 2 KEY: C MSC: Comprehension NOT: Chapter 1, Cytokines 4. The primary lymphoid organs where lymphocytes mature are: A. Spleen and lymph nodes B. Thymus and bone marrow C. Tonsils and Peyer's patches D. Skin and mucosal surfaces Correct Answer: B Rationale: Lymphocytes mature in the primary (central) lymphoid organs: the thymus (T cells) and bone marrow (B cells). Secondary lymphoid organs include lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues where adaptive immune responses are initiated. DIF: 1 KEY: B MSC: Recall NOT: Chapter 1, Lymphoid Organs 5. Which of the following best describes clonal selection in the adaptive immune system? A. Antigen-independent proliferation of lymphocytes before infection B. Antigen-specific lymphocytes are selected and expanded upon antigen encounter C. Random generation of lymphocyte specificities during an active infection D. Deletion of self-reactive lymphocytes in the thymus Correct Answer: B Rationale: Clonal selection is the fundamental principle that lymphocytes expressing receptors specific for an antigen are selected by that antigen to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells and memory cells. This occurs after antigen encounter. DIF: 2 KEY: B MSC: Comprehension NOT: Chapter 1, Clonal Selection 6. The number of naive lymphocytes specific for a given antigen before infection is on the order of: A. 10²–10³ B. 10⁵–10⁶ C. 10⁷–10⁸ D. 10⁹–10¹⁰ Correct Answer: B Rationale: The frequency of naive lymphocytes specific for any given antigen is approximately 1 in 10⁵ to 10⁶. This low frequency necessitates clonal expansion after antigen recognition to generate sufficient effector cells. DIF: 2 KEY: B MSC: Recall NOT: Chapter 1, Clonal Selection 7. Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for contraction of the immune response after infection is cleared? A. Differentiation of lymphocytes into memory cells B. Apoptosis of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes C. Continued clonal expansion D. Enhanced antigen presentation Correct Answer: B Rationale: The immune response contracts as antigen-stimulated lymphocytes die by apoptosis, restoring homeostasis. The antigen-specific cells that survive apoptosis are responsible for memory. DIF: 2 KEY: B MSC: Comprehension NOT: Chapter 1, Immune Response Phases 8. Which of the following is a characteristic of passive immunity? A. It develops after natural infection B. It involves activation of the recipient's own immune system C. It is conferred by transferring antibodies or lymphocytes from an immunized individual D. It results in long-lasting immunologic memory