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OPS 571 FINAL EXAM 3 – QUESTION AND ANSWERS
Questions 1–180 | Operations Management | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+
1. According to your text, the most common process metric is:
A. Productivity
B. Efficiency
C. Utilization
D. Throughput time
Correct answer: C
Explanation: Utilization is the most common process metric. It is defined as the ratio
between the actual amount of time a resource is activated for and the total amount of
time the resource is available for use. This metric helps operations managers understand
how effectively their resources are being used .
2. __________ is when the activities in the stage must stop because there is no place
to deposit the item just completed.
A. Starving
B. Buffering
C. Blocking
D. Pacing
Correct answer: C
Explanation: Blocking occurs when activities in a stage must stop because there is no
place to deposit the item just completed. This is a common issue in production lines
where the next stage cannot accept the completed work, causing the previous stage to
halt operations .
3. The average time between completion of units is commonly known as:
A. Cycle time
B. Throughput time
C. Operation time
D. Run time
, 2
Correct answer: A
Explanation: Cycle time is the average time between completion of units. It is a
fundamental measure in operations management that helps determine production
capacity and scheduling requirements .
4. According to Hayes and Wheelwright, which of the following is not a major
process flow structure?
A. Assembly Line
B. Job Shop
C. Batch
D. Project
Correct answer: D
Explanation: According to Hayes and Wheelwright, the major process flow structures
are Job Shop, Batch, Assembly Line, and Continuous Flow. Project is a type of
organizational structure, not a process flow structure in their framework .
5. The best process flow structure to use for making automobiles is:
A. Group technology cell
B. Job Shop
C. Batch Shop
D. Assembly Line
Correct answer: D
Explanation: The assembly line is the best process flow structure for making
automobiles because it involves producing discrete products at a controlled rate through
a standardized sequence of operations. This allows for high-volume, efficient production
of complex products .
6. The type of processing structure that is used to produce gasoline, chemicals, and
steel is:
A. Assembly Line
B. Job Shop
, 3
C. Batch
D. Continuous Flow
Correct answer: D
Explanation: Continuous flow is used for producing gasoline, chemicals, and steel.
These are products that are produced in a continuous, non-discrete manner with highly
standardized processes and very high volumes .
7. When evaluating a new product development project using net present value
analysis, which of the following will make the project more attractive?
A. Delaying the start of the project
B. Making the project run over a longer period of time
C. Improving (bringing forward) the date when revenue will begin
D. A and B
Correct answer: C
Explanation: Bringing forward the date when revenue will begin increases the net
present value of a project because it reduces the time value of money discount applied to
future cash flows. Delaying the start (A) and extending the project duration (B) would
both decrease NPV .
8. The most important performance dimension for product development projects is:
A. Quality
B. Time-to-market
C. Productivity
D. Product flexibility
Correct answer: B
Explanation: Time-to-market is considered the most important performance dimension
for product development projects because it directly impacts a company's ability to
capture market share and respond to customer needs before competitors .
9. In which phase of new-product design process are considerations to target market,
desired level of performance, investment requirements and financial impact made:
, 4
A. Concept development
B. Product planning
C. Product/process engineering
D. Pilot production/testing
Correct answer: B
Explanation: Product planning is the phase where considerations to target market,
desired level of performance, investment requirements, and financial impact are made.
This phase bridges the concept and detailed design phases .
10. A major competitive dimension that forms a company's strategic operational
competitive position in their strategic planning is which of the following?
A. Cost or price
B. Focus
C. Straddling
D. Automation
Correct answer: A
Explanation: Cost or price is a major competitive dimension that forms a company's
strategic operational competitive position. Companies can compete on cost leadership,
differentiation, or focus, with cost/price being a fundamental dimension .
11. In setting up a kanban control system, you need to determine the number of
kanban card sets needed. If the expected demand during lead time is 25 per hour,
the safety stock is 20 percent of the demand during lead time, the container size is
5, and the lead time to replenish an order is 5 hours, what is the number of kanban
card sets needed?
A. 27
B. 20
C. 5
D. 30
Correct answer: D
Explanation: The formula for kanban card sets is: N = (D × L + S) / C, where D is demand
per hour, L is lead time, S is safety stock, and C is container size. N = (25 × 5 + 0.20 × 25 ×
5) / 5 = (125 + 25) / 5 = = 30. Therefore, 30 kanban card sets are needed .
OPS 571 FINAL EXAM 3 – QUESTION AND ANSWERS
Questions 1–180 | Operations Management | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+
1. According to your text, the most common process metric is:
A. Productivity
B. Efficiency
C. Utilization
D. Throughput time
Correct answer: C
Explanation: Utilization is the most common process metric. It is defined as the ratio
between the actual amount of time a resource is activated for and the total amount of
time the resource is available for use. This metric helps operations managers understand
how effectively their resources are being used .
2. __________ is when the activities in the stage must stop because there is no place
to deposit the item just completed.
A. Starving
B. Buffering
C. Blocking
D. Pacing
Correct answer: C
Explanation: Blocking occurs when activities in a stage must stop because there is no
place to deposit the item just completed. This is a common issue in production lines
where the next stage cannot accept the completed work, causing the previous stage to
halt operations .
3. The average time between completion of units is commonly known as:
A. Cycle time
B. Throughput time
C. Operation time
D. Run time
, 2
Correct answer: A
Explanation: Cycle time is the average time between completion of units. It is a
fundamental measure in operations management that helps determine production
capacity and scheduling requirements .
4. According to Hayes and Wheelwright, which of the following is not a major
process flow structure?
A. Assembly Line
B. Job Shop
C. Batch
D. Project
Correct answer: D
Explanation: According to Hayes and Wheelwright, the major process flow structures
are Job Shop, Batch, Assembly Line, and Continuous Flow. Project is a type of
organizational structure, not a process flow structure in their framework .
5. The best process flow structure to use for making automobiles is:
A. Group technology cell
B. Job Shop
C. Batch Shop
D. Assembly Line
Correct answer: D
Explanation: The assembly line is the best process flow structure for making
automobiles because it involves producing discrete products at a controlled rate through
a standardized sequence of operations. This allows for high-volume, efficient production
of complex products .
6. The type of processing structure that is used to produce gasoline, chemicals, and
steel is:
A. Assembly Line
B. Job Shop
, 3
C. Batch
D. Continuous Flow
Correct answer: D
Explanation: Continuous flow is used for producing gasoline, chemicals, and steel.
These are products that are produced in a continuous, non-discrete manner with highly
standardized processes and very high volumes .
7. When evaluating a new product development project using net present value
analysis, which of the following will make the project more attractive?
A. Delaying the start of the project
B. Making the project run over a longer period of time
C. Improving (bringing forward) the date when revenue will begin
D. A and B
Correct answer: C
Explanation: Bringing forward the date when revenue will begin increases the net
present value of a project because it reduces the time value of money discount applied to
future cash flows. Delaying the start (A) and extending the project duration (B) would
both decrease NPV .
8. The most important performance dimension for product development projects is:
A. Quality
B. Time-to-market
C. Productivity
D. Product flexibility
Correct answer: B
Explanation: Time-to-market is considered the most important performance dimension
for product development projects because it directly impacts a company's ability to
capture market share and respond to customer needs before competitors .
9. In which phase of new-product design process are considerations to target market,
desired level of performance, investment requirements and financial impact made:
, 4
A. Concept development
B. Product planning
C. Product/process engineering
D. Pilot production/testing
Correct answer: B
Explanation: Product planning is the phase where considerations to target market,
desired level of performance, investment requirements, and financial impact are made.
This phase bridges the concept and detailed design phases .
10. A major competitive dimension that forms a company's strategic operational
competitive position in their strategic planning is which of the following?
A. Cost or price
B. Focus
C. Straddling
D. Automation
Correct answer: A
Explanation: Cost or price is a major competitive dimension that forms a company's
strategic operational competitive position. Companies can compete on cost leadership,
differentiation, or focus, with cost/price being a fundamental dimension .
11. In setting up a kanban control system, you need to determine the number of
kanban card sets needed. If the expected demand during lead time is 25 per hour,
the safety stock is 20 percent of the demand during lead time, the container size is
5, and the lead time to replenish an order is 5 hours, what is the number of kanban
card sets needed?
A. 27
B. 20
C. 5
D. 30
Correct answer: D
Explanation: The formula for kanban card sets is: N = (D × L + S) / C, where D is demand
per hour, L is lead time, S is safety stock, and C is container size. N = (25 × 5 + 0.20 × 25 ×
5) / 5 = (125 + 25) / 5 = = 30. Therefore, 30 kanban card sets are needed .
