EPP 101-Chapter 03: Thinking Upstream: Nursing Theories and Population-Focused Nursing Practice Nies: Community/Public Health Nursing, 7th Edition

EPP 101-Chapter 03: Thinking Upstream: Nursing Theories and Population-Focused Nursing Practice Nies: Community/Public Health Nursing, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which statement best summarizes Lillian Wald’s achievements? a. She suggested new nursing specialties. b. She demonstrated how to improve health in communities. c. She gave expert clinical nursing care to her clients. d. She was appointed a national nursing leader. ANS: B Lillian Wald improved health in a community by using diplomacy and neighborhood power. She was elected president of a national nursing organization and created new nursing specialties such as school nursing. However, she is primarily known for her creation of Henry Street House (see Chapter 2 of text), which led to the Visiting Nurses Association and notably improved health in many communities. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) 2. Which statement best describes “thinking upstream”? a. Modifying economic, political, and environmental factors b. Preparing for nursing career long-term goals by planning now c. Seeking causes of water and air pollution “upstream” from cities d. Trying to understand how or why someone got ill ANS: A Upstream thinking actions focus on modifying economic, political, and environmental factors that are the precursors of poor health throughout the world. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) 3. Which statement best describes a weakness of early nursing theories? a. Many nurses did not know or understand the theoretical basis of nursing practice. b. Most nursing theories focused on microscopic individual concerns. c. The theories did not reflect the actual world of nursing practice. d. The theories had global applicability to nursing practice. ANS: B Most nursing theories have an extremely narrow focus on individual nurse–patient care situations. This microscopic focus ignores the broader global social macroscopic perspective. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) 4. Which best describes the primary purpose of nursing theory? a. To improve nursing practice b. To demonstrate that nursing is a profession c. To organize nursing knowledge d. To serve as a basis for ongoing nursing research NURSINGTB.COM Community Public Health Nursing 7th Edition Nies Test Bank This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :01:04 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH NU RS IN GT B.CO M ANS: A Although nursing theory does serve as a basis for ongoing research, does help demonstrate that nursing is a profession, and may help nurses organize their knowledge; its primary purpose is to improve nursing practice. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) 5. A client did not attend the clinic for required follow-up care after his extensive surgery. Using the Health Belief Model, which would be the most appropriate conclusion for the nurse to make? a. The client is noncompliant. b. The client is suffering from self-neglect. c. The health care system is not meeting the client’s perceived needs. d. The health care system is not accessible for the client. e. The nurse has not motivated the client appropriately. ANS: C Although it is easy to blame the patient for being noncompliant or neglecting himself or herself, or to blame the nurse for not “educating” the patient appropriately, it is equally plausible that the health care system is not meeting the client’s perceived needs. Clients can have many reasons for not keeping an appointment, such as family emergencies, lack of funds, or lack of transportation. Sociocultural and ethnic barriers can also be factors. This is part of the Health Belief Model where the premise is that the world of the perceiver determines the action. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) 6. Which assumption makes Orem’s theory difficult to use? a. That nurses will always be caring for families and groups b. That clients are able to control their environment c. That clients recognize the need for nursing intervention d. That teaching clients self-care is the primary goal of nursing practice ANS: B Orem’s theory emphasizes self-care not the need for nursing intervention. It assumes that the client can control his or her environment, whereas most persons cannot control work, school, or neighborhood environments. Orem’s theory is focused on individual self-care. The primary focus of nursing practice is on self-care needs and activities. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) 7. Which statement best describes the major assumption of the Health Belief Model (HBM)? a. People will act if action is both easy and convenient. b. People will act if exposed to fear messages stressing their vulnerability. c. The major determinant of preventive health behavior is avoiding disease. d. The major determin