NURS 5220 Exam 1: NURS 5220 Exam 1 Study Guide: Questions & Answers: Latest Updated A+ Score Solution

In which age group are milia considered an expected skin finding? • A. Young children • B. Adolescents • C. Older adults • D. Newborns Correct Answer: D. Newborns Rationale: Milia are small, whitish, discrete papules on the face commonly found in the first 2 to 3 months of life. The sebaceous glands function in an immature fashion at this age and are easily plugged by sebum. Question 2 Mr. Babson is a 74-year-old man who presents with a "spot" on his chin and wants to know whether it is cancerous. Which of the following signs or symptoms indicates a need for further medical investigation? • A. The "spot" is a reddish-brown color. • B. The "spot" has been on his chin for 20 years. • C. The "spot" bleeds easily when it is touched. • D. The "spot" is slightly raised and circumscribed. Correct Answer: C. The "spot" bleeds easily when it is touched. Rationale: A "spot" that bleeds easily when touched may be indicative of a more serious condition like basal cell carcinoma, which is the most common form of skin cancer.Question 3 A 6-year-old girl has freckles over her nose and cheeks. The examiner will recall that freckles are a type of: • A. macule. • B. papule. • C. nodule. • D. patch. Correct Answer: A. macule. Rationale: A macule is a flat, circumscribed area of skin color change, usually less than 1 cm in diameter. Freckles, flat moles, petechiae, and measles are examples of macules. Question 4 Mrs. Tomberg brings her 4-day-old infant to the office with a concern of a yellowish skin tone. Which of the following statements best describes the rationale for this skin tone? • A. Increased formation of subcutaneous tissue causes a yellow hue. • B. Capillaries broken during the birth process turn the skin slightly yellow as bruises heal. • C. The yellowish color results from increased fat metabolism and heat production. • D. The infant has hyperbilirubinemia. Correct Answer: D. The infant has hyperbilirubinemia. Rationale: Hyperbilirubinemia, or physiologic jaundice, is present to a mild degree in many newborn infants. It usually starts after the first day of life and disappears by the eighth to tenth day but can persist longer.Question 5 A 17-year-old adolescent asks why teenagers have more problems with acne than younger children. Which of the following is the most appropriate response? • A. "Children have better hygiene habits than adolescents because of parental guidance." • B. "Adolescents have reduced blood flow to the epidermal layer of the skin." • C. "At puberty, adolescents begin to secrete more oil from sebaceous glands." • D. "Children have very little skin mass, which prevents the development of acne." Correct Answer: C. "At puberty, adolescents begin to secrete more oil from sebaceous glands." Rationale: At puberty, sebaceous glands increase sebum production in response to increased hormone levels, primarily androgen, giving the skin an oily appearance and predisposing teenagers to acne